Uma ubheka ibalazwe laseKazakhstan, umuntu anganaka izinhlobonhlobo zokukhululeka kwakhe. Izingwadule, izintaba namahlathi kunwebeka kuyo yonke insimu.
Ngakho-ke, akukho okumangazayo kokuthi endaweni enkulu kangaka kunezinombolo eziningi zezinyoni, izilwane, izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinhlanzi.
Kunabamele abangaphezu koyedwa izilwane zeRed Book yaseKazakhstan. Ukuze izitshalo nezilwane zigcinwe ngendlela yazo yasekuqaleni, izindawo eziningi ezivikelwe zakhiwa eKazakhstan, lapho kuhlala khona izinhlobonhlobo zabamele izitshalo nezilwane.
Indawo ebabazekayo yalezi ziqiwu igcina isimo sayo semvelo; kudalwe izimo ezifanele kuyo ukuze kubuyiswe inani lezinhlobo ezithile zezilwane nezitshalo ezicishe zingasekho nezicishe zaphela.
Izilwane zaseKazakhstan nezici zazo
Isici esivelele semvelo yaleli zwe yizinhlobonhlobo ezicebe kakhulu. Izilwane zaseKazakhstan akupheli ukumangala. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo eziphilayo kanye nohlobo oluvela ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezishisayo, kanye nezakhamizi ezijwayelekile zamahlathi, amathafa nezintaba.
Kunezinhlobo ezingavamile zezilwane ezimangalisa ngobuhle bazo obungafani nobunye bazo. Ukucabangela bonke abamele abahlukahlukene izinhlobo zezilwane eKazakhstan akunakwenzeka ukutshala imali kuhlaka lwendatshana eyodwa. Ngingathanda ukukutshela okungenani ngokugqamile.
Isilinganiso esikhulu semvukuzane
Le nduku engavamile ayinamehlo nhlobo. Ama-eyeballs angathuthukile alingana nohlamvu lwelayisi futhi afihlwe ekujuleni kwesikhumba. Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele ezilwaneni kungenxa yempilo yaso yangaphansi komhlaba, iningi lazo elichitha kujule ngaphansi komhlaba. Ezimweni ezingavamile ngokweqile, zivela phezulu.
Amagundane emvukuzane anesisindo esingeqile ku-1 kg, futhi akhula afike kuma-35 cm ubude.Ukuziphatha kwawo akukacwaningisiswa ngokugcwele. Kuyaziwa kuphela ukuthi lesi silwane sibonisa umsebenzi waso unyaka wonke, umqondo wokuthi "ukulala ubusika" awuhambelani naso. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, ikhombisa umsebenzi wayo wokugqekeza ngoMashi-Ephreli. Idla ama-rhizomes, ama-bulb kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Esithombeni kunamagundane amakhulu emvukuzane
Ikati lesanti
Phakathi kwe- izilwane zasendle zaseKazakhstan uthathwa njengekati elincane kunawo wonke. Incane kunekati elijwayelekile lendlu. Ihlukile kumakati ajwayelekile anenhloko enkulu, ebanzi futhi eyisicaba.
Lapho uhlangana naye, akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi lokhu akukude nesidalwa sasekhaya esimnene nesaba, kepha yisilwane sasendle sangempela. Ikati lesihlabathi lithanda izifunda ezishisayo nezomile. Umswakama uza kubo kanye nokudla, ngakho-ke bayakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside.
Lesi silwane esincanyana sithanda ukudla umdlalo, oqukethe ama-jerboas, ama-gerbils, amagundane amancane, izibankwa, izicabucabu nezinambuzane. Imvamisa zingadla ama-tolai hares nezinyoni ezidlekeni ezibhuqiwe.
Amakati e-dune awazesabi izinyoka ezinobuthi, kwesinye isikhathi aze azizingele. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, ikati lingasondela lapho kuhlala khona abantu, kepha alithinti izinyoni namakati ezifuywayo.
Ubuhle bamakati wamadune bukhohlisa abathandi bobuhle, ngakho-ke bangabanjwa kaningi. Lezi zilwane ezithokozisayo zivame ukuthengiswa, intengo yazo kwesinye isikhathi ifinyelela kuma-dollar ayi-10 000.
Esithombeni kukhona ikati le-dune
Ikhanda likaZaysan
Ubude balokhu isilwane esingajwayelekile saseKazakhstan ingeqi kuma-cm 6. Ngokubukeka kwaso okungavamile, isilwane singashaqisa umuntu owasibona okokuqala.
Umsila wenhloko oyindilinga ugoqekile njalo. Izidladla zakhe nazo zinesakhiwo esingajwayelekile. Futhi emlonyeni ovulekile kakhulu, ungalahlekelwa ngokuphelele amandla okukhuluma.
Impilo esebenzayo ye-roundhead isebenza kuphela emini. Ukuze aphile, usebenzisa izimbobo, ukujula kwazo kungafika kumasentimitha angama-23. Bazimba amakhanda abo ayindilinga bebodwa. Kwesinye isikhathi bangasebenzisa izindawo zokuhlala ezincelisayo ezincane. Uncamela ukudla izinambuzane.
Ikhanda likaZaysan
AmaSaigas
Abantu abaningi bathanda ama-saigas. Lokhu kungenye yezinto eziyisisekelo kakhulu izilwane emaqeleni Kazakhstan. Zifana nomndeni wezinyamazane, kodwa zinokubukeka kwazo okungavamile. Ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwama-saigas kufinyelela kuma-75 cm, futhi anesisindo esingama-45 kg.
Ngaphandle, imilenze yayo emincane futhi emifushane emzimbeni onqenqemeni iyamangaza. Ikhala layo elingajwayelekile libukeka kakhulu njengebhokisi elincane, ngenxa yalo isifonyo sesilwane siyamenyezelwa.
Muva nje, ama-saigas abe mancane kakhulu. Izizathu zalokhu ukuzingela ngokungemthetho nokuntuleka kokudla. Ngo-2010-2011, ama-saigas amaningi abulawa wukudla ngokweqile.
Izilwane ezilambile zathola utshani obunamanzi futhi babudla ngaphandle kwesilinganiso. Ngenxa yalokhu, izisu zabo bezivuvukile, zabangela ukucindezelwa kwamaphaphu. Lokhu kwaholela ekucineni ama-saigas nokufa kwawo.
USaiga esithombeni
Semerechensky frogtooth
Lo mbono ungowe- izilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa Kazakhstan. Ububanzi balesi silwane sasemanzini bunyamalala, lapho inani lamaxoxo lincipha khona. Isilwane sifinyelela ku-20 cm ubude, lapho iningi laso liwela emsileni.
Isisindo sayo sincane, cishe siyi-22 g. Kubalulekile enyaweni yesele ukuthi kube namanzi ahlanzekile ngoba ichitha ngaphezu kwengxenye yempilo yayo emanzini kunasemhlabeni. Uthanda ukucasha elangeni eliqondile. Emini, ivikela ilanga elishisayo ezindaweni ezijulile ezisogwini.
Semerechensky frogtooth
Inhloko yomcibisholo onensimbi emhlophe
Ngisho kuqhubeke izithombe zezilwane zaseKazakhstan lesi sihlobo selulwane sibukeka sesabisa. Abantu bebelokhu besatshiswa yilezi zidalwa. Uma ubhekisisa ikhanda lomcibisholo, kunzima ukumbiza ngokuthi muhle.
Umbala wehlukile emakhayeni alo, ulula. Umzimba ufinyelela kubude obufinyelela ku-9 cm, ngesisindo esingu-20 g. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda salesi sidalwa esincane, izindlebe ezinkulu zigqame kakhulu, cishe ngo-5 cm ubude.
Ungumhlali wasogwadule nasendaweni eyihlane. Uchitha ubusuku emadwaleni noma ezinhlakeni zabantu. Kuyasebenza kakhulu ebusuku. Ukudla kwayo okuyinhloko ngama-arachnids nezinambuzane.
Esithombeni kukhona ukhozi olunamabhande amhlophe
I-Pygmy shrew
Akuvamile ukutholakala eKazakhstan. Ukubukeka kwesikhotha akubonakali futhi akuhehi. Ikhanda elikhulukazi lisemzimbeni walo onqenqemeni, ophela nge-proboscis ehambayo.
Ubude besilwane bulinganiselwa ku-4 cm, futhi umsila waso cishe ulingana nobude. I-shrew inesisindo esingaba ngu-1.5 g. Ingaphezulu nezinhlangothi zesilwane kunsundu ngokumpunga. Isisu sayo sikhanya kancane.
I-Pygmy shrew
Ikati likaPallas
Lezi zinhlobo zamakati zasendle zatholwa isazi semvelo saseJalimane uPeter Pallas ngekhulu le-18. Imanul ibukeka inokwesabeka, yize ingenkulu kunekati elijwayelekile lasekhaya.
Uboya bayo buphaphathekile futhi buminyene ngamathoni amahle ompunga, ama-fawn namhlophe. Uma umubheka, uthola umbono sengathi i-manul ibiboshwe kancane neqhwa. Lo mbala usiza ngokuphelele isilwane ekuzingeleni.
Ikati likaPallas yisilwane esihlala phansi. Ibonisa umsebenzi wayo ngesikhathi sokuqala noma sokuhlwa. Uncamela ukuchitha usuku endaweni yokukhosela, ikakhulukazi elele ngalesi sikhathi. Imisebenzi yamatshe, imihume emincane, indawo ngaphansi kwetshe, imigoqo emidala yezinye izakhamizi isebenza njengendawo yakhe yokuhlala.
Lesi yisilwane esihamba kancane futhi esixakile kunawo wonke amakati asendle. Ikati likaPallas alikwazi ukugijima nakancane. Kulula ngaye ukucasha noma ukucasha ngemuva kwamatshe ngezikhathi zobungozi. Udla izinyoni namagundane.
Kwabaningi, i-manul ilukuluku lokungajwayelekile njengekati ledundane, ngakho-ke abazingeli abazingela ngokungemthetho bayingozi enkulu kuye. AmaManuls ayazingelwa, bese edayiswa. Ngenxa yalokho, inani labantu lincipha. Ngempela, ekuthunjweni, lezi zilwane cishe azizali inzalo.
Esithombeni kukhona ikati lasendle le-manul
UMuskrat
Abantu bazi ngalesi silwane esiyingqayizivele kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando. I-desman inesici esisodwa - amehlo athuthukile, ngakho-ke isebenzisa kuphela iphunga lokuhamba esikhaleni. Imilenze yayo yangemuva mikhulu kakhulu kunaleyo yangaphambili. Ngemuva ithola ukusetshenziswa ekubhukudeni, ikusebenzise njengamaphiko.
Usayizi wesilwane mncane kakhulu, kepha awulahlekelwa ukungajwayelekile kwawo. Usayizi wesilinganiso somuntu osukayo cishe ungamasentimitha angama-20. Uma umbheka ungacabanga ukuthi umamatheka ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngale ndlela, ufana nabalingiswa bekhathuni. Uboya balezi zilwane buthandwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke inani lazo liyancipha.
Esithombeni kukhona owesilisa
Ingungumbane
Ingungumbane ingeyamagundane. Usayizi nesisindo sayo kucishe kufane nokwama-beaver aseMelika. Ubude bomzimba bungafinyelela ku-1 m, kanti isisindo sesilwane size ku-27 kg. Izinkukhu ziyizimba zokumba ezinhle kakhulu.
Akunzima kubo ukumba umgodi enhlabathini eqinile. Lapho bahlala emini bese bezala inzalo yabo. Insikazi izala izingane ezifika kwezine. Zizalwa zinamazinyo nezinaliti ezithambile.
Lesi sitshalo sithanda izithelo eziwile, amagxolo ezihlahla, izimpande zezitshalo nama-bulb azo. I-Spines ivikela ngokuphelele ingungumbane kwizitha ezingaba khona, azesabi izidlo. Ingozi kuphela yazo izingwe.
Ingungumbane yezilwane
ICaracal
Lesi silwane esihle sasehlane sifinyelela ku-82 cm ubude futhi sinesisindo esingaba ngu-12 kg. Imilenze yangaphambili yehluke kancane ngobude kunemilenze yangemuva. Izindlebe zimile futhi zihlotshiswe ngamasentshisi ngaphezulu, njenge-lynx.
ICaracal inombala ophuzi oguquguqukayo, phansi kwayo kukhanya kancane. Lesi sidalwa sithanda ama-hares, amagundane nama-hedgehogs. Ezimweni ezingavamile, idla izinyoni, izibankwa nezinyoka. ICaracal okwamanje ingaphansi kokuvikelwa nguhulumeni.
Isidumbu sesilwane
I-Korsak
Lesi silwane esithandekayo siyisihlobo esiseduze sezimpungushe, kodwa sincane ngosayizi. Ama-Corsac ahlukile kokuzalwa kwawo ngezindlebe ezibanzi nangethiphu emnyama yomsila. Ungahlangana naye ensimini yama-steppes nama-semi-desert. Uncamela ukugqekeza.
Idla amagundane, izinyoni, izinambuzane zokudla. Akakudeleli ukungcola nazo zonke izinhlobo zemfucumfucu. Ingabe inezici zezilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye ukuze zikhuthazelele indlala. Ngisho emasontweni amabili ngemuva kwesiteleka sendlala, umsebenzi wesilwane awunciphi.
Uboya beCorsac bubaluleke kakhulu. Muhle ikakhulukazi ebusika. Ngenxa yobuhle bakhe, inani lamaKorsaks liyancipha. Isilwane sithathwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa nguhulumeni.
I-Korsak (steppe fox)
Argali
Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu izilwane zezintaba zaseKazakhstan yi-argali - ingenye yezimvu zasendle ezinkulu kakhulu. Umzimba we-argali emaphakathi ufinyelela kubude obungu-150-200 cm, isisindo sawo sifinyelela kuma-200 kg.
Abesifazane imvamisa baba uhhafu wobukhulu besilisa. Ikhanda lazo lihlotshiswe ngezimpondo ezinkulu zokuvunguza. Umbala wezilwane ungumbala onsundu ngokumpunga. Lezi zilwane ziphila impilo yomhlambi. Zondla kuphela ngokudla kwezitshalo. Bangaphansi kokuvikelwa kwabantu.
Esithombeni argali
I-Jeyran
Kushiwo izilwane ezincelisayo, ama-artiodactyls, ama-bovids. Uhlala eningizimu yeKazakhstan. UJeyran uyisidlakudla. Kuthinteka ukufuduka kwesizini. Usayizi wesilwane ekubuneni ufinyelela kuma-74 cm, ngesisindo esingu-26 kg. Eziduna zinezimpondo ezimise okomoya emakhanda azo. Kwabesifazane, ngokuvamile abekho.
U-Novemba-Disemba ubonakala ngeqiniso lokuthi izinsephe ziqala ukuncipha. Kusukela ezinyangeni ezinhlanu zokukhulelwa, eyodwa, kwesinye isikhathi kuzalwa izingane ezi-2. AmaJeyrans aya ngokuncipha, ngakho-ke athathwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kombuso.
Ensepheni yesithombe
Irbis
Umqansa wamadwala, umhlali nomnqobi wezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu izithombe zezilwane eKazakhstan kuvusa ukwesaba nenhlonipho. Ibizwa nangokuthi ingwe yeqhwa. Ubuhle nokuhluka kwengwe yeqhwa akunakuqhathaniswa noma kudidaniswe nanoma yini.
Uboya bayo obunemibala yengwe bubaluleke kakhulu, ngenxa yalokhu, abazingeli abazingela ngokungemthetho lesi silwane. Ukuziphatha kwengwe yeqhwa akuqondakali kahle ngoba isilwane sikhetha ukuphila impilo yodwa. I-Irbis inamandla futhi iyaziqhenya. Kuvikelwe umbuso.
Irbis (ingwe yeqhwa)
