Ama-Shrew yizilwane ezincelisayo ezincane ezomndeni okhuthele. Izinhlobonhlobo zalezi zilwane ezincane zikhulu impela: ososayensi babale cishe izinhlobo eziyi-179.
Incazelo kanye nendawo okuhlala kuyo isikulufa
Ekuboneni kokuqala, izilwane zifana kakhulu namagundane ajwayelekile, yingakho zivame ukubizwa izigaxa ze-murine... Kepha uma ubhekisisa, ungathola umehluko omncane omncane phakathi kwabo.
Isikhisi saseSiberia - ubude bomzimba walesi silwane abweqi uphawu luka-8 cm, umsila ungama-3-4 cm.I-proboscis isekhanda. Umzimba wonke umbozwe ngoboya obunemibala emibili: uboya obungemuva bungumthunzi onsundu obuthuntu, futhi eduze kwesisu kuphenduka umthunzi ompunga okhanyayo.Kubomvu incwadi Isikhisi saseSiberia kutholakale ukuthi kungenxa yesibalo esincane sezilwane.
I-shwarf shrew - esinye sezidalwa zasemhlabeni ezincane kakhulu ezisohlwini lwezilwane ezincelisayo. Ikhanda elikhulu line-proboscis, okuyisici sazo zonke izigaxa.
Umsila wesilwane esincane mude ngokumangalisayo ngokuqhathaniswa nobukhulu baso bonke - ubude obuqoshwe phansi bungu-3.5 cm.Ubude bomzimba bulingana nobude bomsila.
Isisindo esiphakathi sisuka ku-1 kuye ku-1.5 g, ezimweni ezingavamile - 1.7 g. Umzimba wonke, ngaphandle kwesisu, umbozwe ngoboya obunsundu ngokumpunga, engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba ulula ngokugqamile.
I-shrew enebhande elimhlophe - ubude bekhanda nomzimba abudluli ku-8 cm, isilwane esincelisayo sinesisindo esingaba ngu-5 g, ekugcineni kwekhanda kukhona i-proboscis ephathekayo, kepha ikhanda elikhulu alincishwanga ngokushesha njengakwezinye eziningi - irostrum ibanzi kakhulu. Izindlebe zinkulu - zibonakala kalula ngejazi.
Amazinyo angama-28 amhlophe. Esithombeni shrew kakhulu njengokufana negundane, umehluko kuphela phakathi kwalezi zidalwa ukuvela komsila: esikhunjeni esinamazinyo amhlophe siwugqinsi, ubude abudluli ku-3.5 cm, noboya obuncane bukhula kuwo, futhi kuvela ama-bristles ezindaweni. Uboya obusengxenyeni engenhla yomzimba bunsundu onsundu, esiswini - amhlophe angasho lutho.
Esithombeni, i-white-bellied shrew
I-shrew encane - ubude obuphakathi kwekhanda nomzimba bungu-6 cm, umsila ungama-3 cm.Isisindo sincike ngosayizi wesilwane futhi sisuka ku-3-7 g.Umzimba umbozwe ngoboya obunsundu ngokusobala, esiswini kuyimpunga elula. Umsila ufakwe umbala ofanayo nowomzimba wonke - kumnyama phezulu, ulula ngezansi.
Esithombeni, isikhwanyana esincane
Isikhisi esikhulu - ukubukeka kwalesi sidalwa kunomehluko omncane ekubukekeni kwezihlobo zaso. Umehluko omkhulu ulele ubukhulu: ubude bekhanda nomzimba ngu-15 cm, umsila uyi-8 cm.
Abesifazane bancane kakhulu: isisindo sabo somzimba singaba ku-23.5 - 82 g, futhi isisindo esincane nesisindo esiphezulu somuntu wesilisa ngu-33.2 -147 g. Ubomvu bunemibala emibili: phezulu kuba mpunga omnyama, ngezansi kukhanya. Amehlo entambo encane, futhi imisindo eyenziwe buqamama ifana nokugiya noma ukuncinza.
Esithombeni kunesikhisi esikhulu
Zonke izigaxa azizwani nephunga elimnandi kakhulu: kumayelana nezindlala zemiski, ezibhekele ukukhiqizwa kwemfihlo, iphunga lalo eliqonde kakhulu iphunga lomuntu.
Izindlala ezinjalo zikhula kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane. Iphunga elingathandeki aligcini nje ngokuhlala kwesilwane, kepha futhi lihlala lisezindleleni lapho ligijime khona okungenani kanye.
Njengoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zalesi silwane esincelisayo, izimpilo shrew cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zemvelo, kufaka phakathi ngisho izingwadule. Indawo yokusabalalisa incike ezinhlotsheni ezithile. Ngakho-ke insimbi enebhande elimhlophe itholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseNingizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia.
I-shrew encane kujwayelekile: uhlala engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwekazi lase-Afrika, entshonalanga yeYurophu futhi cishe kulo lonke elase-Asia. Imvamisa itholakala engadini noma engadini eseduze kwekotishi lasehlobo.
I-Areal isikebhe se-pygmy iningi lamazwe atholakala eningizimu yeYurophu, ubukhulu be-Asia, India kanye nohlangothi olusenyakatho ne-Afrika. Isikhisi esikhulu isatshalaliswa e-Afrika, e-Asia naseMpumalanga Ephakathi.
Esithombeni, iManchu shrew
Igama le-shrew yaseSiberia lihambisana ngokuphelele nendawo yalo ejwayelekile: ihlala eSiberia nasezifundeni eziseduze zase-Asia. Olunye uhlobo olunjalo, olubizwa ngegama lendawo ehlala kuyo, yi- IManchu shrewohlala endaweni enkulu yaseManchuria.
Isimo kanye nendlela yokuphila yesikhwama
Imikhonto eminingi ihlala ezindaweni lapho umswakama womoya uphakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Ezinye izinhlobo zize ziphile impilo yasemanzini. AmaShrew athanda ukuba yedwa.
Bamba izindawo zokuhlala, bahlala ngeziqu eziyize, iziphunzi, futhi bahlala emigodini yamagundane amancane. Inani elincane le- shrew ingahlala eduze komuntu, ihlale kwelinye lamaqhugwane ehlobo.
Endaweni ekhethwe njengendawo yokuhlala unomphela, kwakhiwa uhlobo lwesidleke, lusimboze ngaphezulu ngezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ezomisiwe ngokuphelele namaqabunga ezihlahla.
Izikhuni ukuzingela eduze kwendlu - 30-50 sq.m. Endaweni enjalo, babheka inyamazane ebumnyameni, kuthi ngesikhathi sasemini bancamele ukuzingela eduze kwezindlu noma enye indawo yokukhosela.
Ukudla
Ekudleni shrew shrew izibungu, izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene kanye nezikelemu zemvelo. Izazi zebhayoloji zirekhode amacala lapho izilwane ezincane zihlasela izibankwa, amaxoxo kanye nenzalo engavuthiwe yamagundane.
Bafuna inyamazane ngosizo lomuzwa omuhle kakhulu wokuthinta nephunga. Kuneziphakamiso zokuthi amanye amalungu omndeni omkhulu anamandla okufunda.
Laba bameleli bezilwane ezincelisayo banobudlova, ngoba banikezwe isisindo esisheshayo: ngosuku, inani elidingekayo lokudla lidlula isisindo somzimba wabo ngesigamu nengxenye, noma kabili.
Isilwane sivame ukulala futhi sithathe ukudla, inani lezikhathi ezinjalo lincike ngqo kubukhulu baso - abamele abancane kunabo bonke bezikhathi ezinje banabo abakhulu kunabo bonke: usuku olujwayelekile lwesikhisi esincane luhlukaniswe izingxenye ezingama-78.
Shrew ayikwazi ukuhlala ilambile isikhathi eside: isikhathi esichithiwe kulesi simo ngaphambi kokufa kwesikhwama siyahlukahluka ebangeni lamahora ama-7-9, kanti kwezinye izinhlobo kuncane kakhulu - isikhonkwane sifa ngemuva kwamahora angu-5.5 kuphela.
Lapho ubhekene nendlala enkulu, izinga lokushisa lomzimba we-shrew liyancipha kakhulu, kungena ubuthaka obufushane, kepha abufiki ebusika.
Ukuzala nokulindela isikhathi sokuphila kwesikhwama
Ziyazivundisa izigaxa ze-murine Izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngonyaka, ezimweni ezingavamile, owesifazane uyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ejwayelekile izikhathi ezintathu. Inzalo ichanyuselwa zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-13-28.
Ngemuva kokuphela kwalesi sikhathi, 4-14 kuzalwa izingane ezingenakuzisiza ngokuphelele: ngaphandle kokubona noboya, i-proboscis isesigabeni sokuthuthuka.
Izikhuni zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke lapho izinsana zinezinsuku ezingama-30 ubudala, zifinyelela eminyakeni lapho zingakwazi ukuzinakekela khona. Umama namawundlu bayahamba, bakhe uhlobo lwamaketanga: babambelela emisileni yomunye nomunye.
Uma le ndodana iphambukile ku-caravan, iqala ukukhipha umsindo omkhulu, lapho insikazi imthola khona otshanini bese imyisa kubafowethu nodadewabo, abashiye phambilini endaweni ephephile.
Ososayensi bathole iqiniso elimangazayo: eduze nasekuqaleni kobusika, ukwehla kosayizi womzimba kuyabonakala kubantu abasha, futhi ugebhezi lucabalele kancane. Lapho kufika ihlobo, ubukhulu obudala buyabuya. Phila izikhwama kungadluli unyaka owodwa nohhafu.
