Omunye wabamele kahle kakhulu womndeni wakwa-chinchilla - whiskasha, inokubukeka okuthakazelisa ngokwedlulele. Ukuvela kwegundane ngasikhathi sinye kufana nokuvela kwe-kangaroo nonogwaja onomsila omude wesikwele.
Incazelo nezici ze-whiskashi
IViskasha ingeka-oda lamagundane futhi ibonakala ngosayizi omkhulu impela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuphakama nesisindo kuncike endaweni yokuhlala yesilwane. Ngakho-ke, ubude bomzimba wesilisa we-whiskachi we-lowland bufinyelela ku-65-80 cm, futhi isisindo siyahluka kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-8 kg.
Kulokhu, ngokungeziwe, ubude bomsila kufanele bunakwe - okungenani amasentimitha ayi-15. Abesifazane banesisindo esingu-3.5-5 kg, kanti ubude bomzimba bungamasentimitha angama-50-70. Umsila wabesifazane nawo mfushane ngo-2-3 cm kunowesilisa.
Futhi lapha intaba viskasha noma njengoba ibizwa kanjalo, i-whiskacha yasePeru inosayizi omncane kancane. Ubude bomzimba wegundane ngu-30-40 cm.Isisindo asidluli ku-1.5 kg.
Esithombeni intaba i-viskasha
Inhloko ye-whiskashi inkulu, izindlebe ezinkulu futhi zihlukaniswe ngamehlo. Imilenze yangaphambili imifushane futhi ibuthakathaka, kepha imilenze yangemuva ibonakala ngobude namandla.
Kukhona futhi umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo. I-whiskachi ethafeni inezinzwane ezine emilenzeni yangaphambili nezingu-3 ezinyaweni zangemuva, kuyilapho i-whiskachi yasePeru ineminwe emine kuzo zonke izitho.
Lesi silwane sinoboya obufushane nobuthambile kunoboya bokuthinta bethoni elimpunga onsundu ngemuva. Ezinhlangothini, umbala awukhanyi, kuthi esiswini umbala ube mhlophe. Isici singabizwa ngokuncika kombala kumbala wenhlabathi lapho kuhlala khona igundane. Ukuba mnyama kwethoni yenhlabathi, ucebile umbala woboya besilwane.
Vuliwe isithombe se-whiskashi kuyabonakala ukuthi ngaphandle kobulili, isilwane sinamabala amhlophe namnyama ekhanda laso. Kepha umehluko okhona phakathi kobulili usakhonjwa - abesilisa bahlukaniswa ngesakhiwo esikhulu ngokwengeziwe nomaski obonakala ngokucacile ebusweni.
Indawo yokuhlala nokudla
I-whiskasha elula uhlala enkabeni ye-Argentina, izifunda zayo ezisenyakatho nasempumalanga. Futhi, lesi silwane siyabonakala ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu, entshonalanga yeParaguay naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeBolivia. Indawo ehlala amagundane ayizintandokazi ngamathafa, kanye nezindawo eziphansi ezimanzi nezihlahla ezinameva ezomile.
Ngokuqondene nombuzo, Uhlala kuphi i-viskasha ezintabeni, singasho ukuthi abameleli bezinhlobo bahlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinamadwala nezintaba zasePeru, eChile, eBolivia, e-Argentina, lapho ukuphakama kungamamitha ayi-1000-5000 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Rodent viskasha kungokwalabo iqembu herbivores. Bonke abameleli bezinhlobo bondla ngotshani, imbewu, amagatsha ezihlahlana nezithelo zabo. Intaba i-whiskachi ingeza ubulembu, ubulembu nezimpande zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ekudleni.
Indlela yokuphila yeViscashi
Viskasha - isilwane social ngempela. Izilwane zihlala ngamaqembu abantu abayi-10, 15, noma ngisho nama-30. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunezinsikazi eziphindwe kabili kuya kwezingu-2 emhlambini kunabesilisa. Izilwane ezihlangene ngamaqembu zihlala ohlelweni olungaphansi komhlaba lwemigodi, ibanga eliphakathi kwalo elihluka kusuka kumasentimitha amaningana kuya kumamitha amaningana.
Zonke izimbungulu zixhunywe ngesistimu yamaphaseji, futhi indawo yensimu etholakala kuyo ingafinyelela kumamitha-skwele angama-600. m Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ubukhulu bokungena kohlelo buya ngenani labahlali futhi bungafinyelela ku-1 m.
AmaViskashi aqaphe kakhulu ngokuhlela nokuvikela ikhaya labo. Amagundane aqoqa ngokucophelela amathambo, izinduku, ubulembu bezinkomo kanye nezinye izinto azibeke eduze neminyango yemigodi yazo. Ngakho-ke, izilwane zimunca iphunga lazo, elingadonsela ukunaka kwezilwane futhi livikele indawo yokuhlala ezikhukhuleni.
Amadevu asezindaweni eziphansi abonakala ngokuphila ebusuku. Izilwane zishiya izimbobo zazo kuphela lapho kufika ukuhwalala. Bathanda ukugeza uthuli, ngaleyo ndlela bahlanze uboya ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zama-parasites kanye nokuqongelela kwamafutha.
Futhi lapha I-whiskasha yasePeruvia ihlala ezindaweni lapho kubanda khona ngokwanele ebusuku, kuthi emini ilanga elikhanyayo lishise amatshe asethafeni. Ngalesi sizathu, amagundane ashiya imingxunya yawo ikakhulukazi emini. IViskashi ihlala phakathi kwamatshe, emihosheni, lapho kutholakala khona uhlaza olomile.
Isici esivamile sazo zonke izinhlobo zaleli gundane sithathwa njengendlela engajwayelekile yokuxwayisa abazalwa ngengozi - isilwane siqala ukushaya ngomsila waso phansi futhi sikhala.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, inkathi yokukhwelana ye-whiskashi ibonakala ngesizini. Ukugeleza kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-40 futhi kuqala ekwindla. Isikhathi sokumitha siyizinsuku eziyi-154. Entwasahlobo, insikazi izala amawundlu amabili kuya kwayi-4.
Isikhathi sokuncelisa sithatha amasonto ayisishiyagalombili. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-viskashi cub iya ngokuya iba namandla futhi izimele. Kungenzeka ukuthi owesifazane angaphila nokukhulelwa oku-2 ngonyaka.
Ngokwemvelo, isikhathi sokuphila kwamagundane angajwayelekile siyiminyaka embalwa nje. Lokhu kungenxa yezimo ezingezinhle kanye nephesenti eliphansi lokusinda kwezilwane.
Izitha zemvelo yi-puma, i-boa constrictor, i-paraguayan fox, ama-grisons amancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwabantu bendawo, i-viskasha ibhekwa njengesilwane esiyingozi, ngoba umchamo wesilwane uhlupha inhlabathi, futhi imigoqo eminingi iletha ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.
Kusukela ekungeneleleni kokuphila okuvela kubantu abangafuni, izilwane zisindiswa ngokugijima okusheshayo - ama-40 km / h, kanye nokukwazi ukweqa ubude obungu-3 m. Ngokuphathelene nendawo yokufakelwa, ekuthunjweni, isikhathi sokuphila segundane sisukela eminyakeni eyi-8 kuye kwengu-10.
