Australia - izwekazi lezilwane ezihlukile
Okungajwayelekile futhi okuthakazelisayo umbuso wezilwane wase-australiafuthi kunezizathu zalokhu. Izwekazi lidume ngesibhakabhaka salo esingenamafu esiluhlaza, ukukhanya kwelanga okunomsoco nesimo sezulu esihle. Azikho izinguquko ezibukhali emazingeni okushisa kule ndawo yomhlaba.
Kuneziningana izindawo zemvelo zase-Australia. Izilwane futhi izinyoni ezihlala kuzo ngokungangabazeki zinezici zazo, ngoba amahlathi ahlala aluhlaza, amahlathi ahlala eluhlaza, amatshe asogwadule kanye nogwadule ahlukaniswa yizimo ezithile zesimo sezulu, ubunjalo bomhlabathi, indawo nobukhona bamanzi ahlanzekile.
Izwe ngokwalo lisekuhlanganeni kwezilwandle ezimbili ezingapheli: i-Indian nePacific, futhi amagagasi abo ahlasela endaweni eseningizimu eshisayo. Imingcele yezwekazi lesihlanu ihlukaniswe nento yamanzi yizintaba.
Kungakho ulwandle olungazinzile neze luphazamisa impilo yalelizwe elibusisiwe. Isimo sezulu somile. Kuyiqiniso, ukunethezeka kokuphila okuphilayo kuvame ukuthinteka ukusweleka kwamanzi ahlanzekile: imifula eminingi isinciphile, amachibi anosawoti kakhulu, futhi izingwadule zasezindaweni ezishisayo zithathe cishe ingxenye yendawo yonke.
Umhlaba wemvelo wase-Australia uhlukile ngokweqile. Izwekazi isikhathi eside belifihliwe emhlabeni wonke, lihlukaniswe namanye amazwekazi ngendawo engapheli yesikhala sasolwandle.
Kungakho izwekazi elishisayo elikude lingeyona nje into engavamile, kepha, ngandlela thile, lihle, ngoba izilwane zase-Australia ifaka okwakhe nokuhlukile okuhlukile.
Ngokuvamile, isimo sezulu engxenyeni echazwe yomhlaba sithandeka kakhulu empilweni engokwemvelo, ngakho-ke izimbali zicebile kakhulu. Ngokuqondene nezilwane: inani lezinhlobo zalo kuleli zwekazi lingamashumi ezinkulungwane.
Incazelo yezilwane zase-Australia, izinyoni nezinye izinto eziphilayo zingaqhubeka unomphela. Kepha akusisona ukuphela kwesizathu esenza ukuthi izwekazi lesihlanu limenyezelwe yonke indawo njengelizwekazi eligodliwe.
Cishe izinhlobo ezimbili kwezintathu zezimpilo ezithuthuke kakhulu ezethulwayo zikhona, okungukuthi, izakhamuzi zendawo elinganiselwe, izakhamuzi zaleli zwekazi kuphela.
Iziphi izilwane ezihlala e-Australia namuhla? Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokufika kwempucuko kulokhu, esikhathini esedlule, izwekazi lasendle, izilwane eziningi nezinyoni ezivela kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba zilethwe endaweni yalo, futhi izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zasendaweni zanyamalala ebusweni bezwekazi lesihlanu, futhi kusalokhu kukhunjulwa kuphela: yiziphi izilwane e-Australia Bengihlala ebuhleni bezwekazi esikhathini esedlule, babusiswa ngezikhathi zezilwane zasendle.
Kepha okwamanje, imvelo eyi-Australia evikelekile ivikelekile emapaki naseziqiwini zikazwelonke. Nazi ezinye zezilwane zaleli zwekazi elikude.
I-Platypus
Isidalwa esingajwayelekile kwamanye amazwekazi, kepha isici semvelo sase-Australia, yi-platypus, ehlukaniswa njengesilwane esincelisayo se-oviparous.
Njengabo bonke abamele lesi sigaba sama-vertebrate, isilwane sithola imvelaphi yaso kusuka okhokho abanjenge-reptile. Izidalwa ezinjalo, njengokungathi ziqoqwe ezingxenyeni zezakhi zabamele abahlukahlukene bezilwane.
Njengezinyoni, i-platypus inomlomo wedada, ikhiqiza inzalo ngokubeka amaqanda nokuwafukamela izinsuku ezingaba yishumi. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, amawundlu anikezwa ubisi, kuthi kamuva omama, ngenkathi bebakhulisa, bafundise izindleko zabo zokuzingela izinhlanzi ezincane. Izilwane ezimangalisayo zinomsila oyisicaba, njenge-beaver, unezinzipho ezinamandla ezinyaweni ezine-webbed.
U-Echidna
Njengoba sehlukaniswe kusenesikhathi nezilwane ezincelisayo zomhlaba wonke futhi siqhubeka nokuziphendukela kwaso ngendlela yaso, i-echidna, isilwane esincelisayo sangaphandle, ngaphandle kwavela ukuthi sasifana ne-hedgehog, futhi, njengaye, sikweletwa yizinaliti.
Kodwa-ke, i-echidna inokuhlukahluka okuningi. Ukhulisa amawundlu akhe, abeke iqanda elilodwa alithwale, alifake ephaketheni esiswini, alizuze njengefa emvelweni, elibizwa ngokuthi isikhwama.
Izilwane ezinjalo zibhukuda kahle, kepha azazi ukuthi zitshuza kanjani. Zondla umuhlwa, izintuthwane nezinye izinambuzane. Abomdabu bendawo babheka inyama ye-echidna njengesibiliboco.
I-kangaroo yamajinja
Ukwehlukahluka kubhekwa njengobufakazi bokuhluka komhlaba wezilwane ezincelisayo. ama-marsupials ase-Australia... Ummeleli ogqamile wezidalwa ezinjalo yi-kangaroo.
Ukubukeka kwalesi sidalwa kubonakala ngemilenze emifushane yangaphambili, imilenze yaso yangemuva inamandla amakhulu okwenza ukuthi ikwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha, yenze ukweqa okude.
Ukubukeka kwe-kangaroo kuhambisana nomsila omangalisayo. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezanele zezilwane ezinjalo. Kodwa ama-kangaroo abomvu adume ngokukhethekile. Izidalwa zixhumana ngokukhululekile nezizukulwane zazo, zihlala ngamaqembu, ngokuzithandela zihlangana nabantu. Ama-kangaroo amakhulu abomvu afinyelela ubude bemitha elilodwa nengxenye.
Esithombeni kukhona i-kangaroo ebomvu
I-Wallaby
Uhlu izilwane ezingavamile e-Australia ngaphezu kokunabile. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-wallaby noma i-kangaroo yesihlahla. Lezi zidalwa ziphakathi kwengxenye yemitha ukuphakama nomsila omude njengomzimba wazo. Amagatsha ezihlahla ayindawo yawo yokuhlala eyinhloko. Futhi zikwazi kalula ukukhuphukela ebangeni elingaphezu kwamashumi amabili wamamitha. Ziphila ngokudla amaqabunga namajikijolo.
Wallaby esithombeni
Ama-kangaroo anobuso obufushane
Phakathi kwezinhlobo zama-kangaroo, abamele usayizi omncane kakhulu baziwa (kwesinye isikhathi bangaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-30). Ama-kangaroo anobuso obufushane yizilwane ezingavamile. Zinomsila omude futhi zichitha izimpilo zazo emhlabathini. Uboya bazo buthambile futhi bujiyile, bunsundu ngokumpunga noma ngokubomvu ngombala. Ziyabumbana emihlambini bese zakha izidleke zazo ngotshani obomile.
Esithombeni ikhangaru enobuso obufushane
I-Kangaroo Yamagundane amathathu
Izilwane ezinesisindo esingaba ikhilogremu. Ngomsila omkhulu nesifonyo esi side, afana namagundane. Umbala unsundu, i-chestnut noma impunga. Imilenze enamandla isiza isilwane ukuba sihambe ngejubane elikhulu.
I-kangaroo yamagundane amathathu
I-kangaroo enkulu yamagundane
Ihlala emahlane asogwadule nasemathafeni ase-Australia. Ukukhula kwesilwane esincelisayo cishe kuyingxenye yemitha. Umbala ubomvu, ubomvu noma u-grey. Izilwane zithuthukisa umsebenzi wazo ebusuku. Zidla amaqabunga otshani, amakhowe nezimpande zemifino.
Igundane elikhulu kangaroo
Ama-kangaroo anemisila emifushane
AmaQuokka izidalwa ezingenabungozi ezingaba yizisulu zezilwane ezizizingelayo kalula. Lezi izilwane zase-Australia, isihloko "Ama-kangaroo anomsila omfushane" afanele ukufana kwawo kwangaphandle nezinye izinhlobo zama-kangaroo.
Noma kunjalo, banomsila omfushane. Zilingana nekati, zihambahamba ebusuku, zidla utshani, ngakho-ke zikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinotshani obomile.
Esithombeni quokka
IKuzu
Isilwane esincelisayo se-marsupial esimele umndeni we-possum. Isilwane esincane (esingadluli kuma-60 cm ubude), sinezindlebe ezingunxantathu nomsila omude. Uboya bayo obuthambile bungaba mnyama, nsundu noma mhlophe ngokumpunga.
Ukhetha ukuphila impilo esebenzayo ebusuku, ukukhuphuka ngobuciko izihlahla ezinamagatsha, nomsila wangaphambi kokusiza isidalwa esinjalo ukuba sihambe. Amagxolo, amaqabunga, izimbali, namaqanda ezinyoni kusebenza njengokudla kwansuku zonke kwalezi zidalwa.
Esithombeni, isilwane iKuzu
I-Wombat
Enye i-marsupial yezwekazi lase-Australia. Uma ubheka lesi silwane, kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi ngubani ophambi kwamehlo akho: ibhere elincane noma igundane elikhulu. Eqinisweni, i-wombat inokuncane okufana kakhulu nezilwane okukhulunywe ngazo.
Njengamagundane, lezi zidalwa zimba imigodi. Isikhumba sabo esijiyile, esiqinile siyisivikelo esihle kakhulu ekuhlaselweni izitha. Futhi ngemuva ivikela isihlangu esisemathanjeni okhalo, angasiza kakhulu lapho uhlasela izitha ngemuva. Uketshezi olusemzimbeni wesilwane luhlala lucishe lufane nolwekamela, futhi inqubo yokulungisa ukudla ithatha isikhathi eside ngokungavamile.
Esithombeni kune-wombat
UKoala
Ihlobene ne-wombat, isilwane esinokuthula okukhulu, sithinta obukayo ngokubukeka kwaso. Lezi zidalwa zikhohliseka kalula ngabantu, futhi zize zivumele ukuthi zizithathele ezingalweni zazo.
Impilo yabo idlula ezihlahleni, amagatsha abawaphotha ngezidladla zabo eziqinile, namaqabunga e-eucalyptus asebenza njengokudla kwabo. Ukuba khona kwalezi zilwane kuthule kakhulu futhi kuyalinganiswa.
Njengama-wombat, ama-koala abukeka njengamabhere ahlekisayo, ayakwazi ukungadingi ukugcwalisa umzimba ngamanzi isikhathi eside, futhi ukudla abakudlayo, okunothe ngamaprotheni, kugaywa kancane kakhulu.
Wongo
I-marsupial ehlala endaweni eyomile, ngaphandle ifana negundane elingenabungozi, kepha lincane ngosayizi. Noma kunjalo umhlaseli. Kuyingozi enkulu kuphela ezinambuzaneni, ezisebenza njengezisulu zayo.
Amazinyo alezi zidalwa afana nalawo amagundane, umhlane ungwevu, isisu silula, futhi umsila unezinwele ezincanyana. Zinezici ezithakazelisayo: uma zintula ukudla, zingena ebusika.
I-Animal vongo
INambat
I-anteater enolimi olude oluyisiza ukubamba umuhlwa. Lezi zilwane ezinomsila, ezihlukaniswa ngezifinyila ezibukhali, azinasikhwama, kepha amawundlu azo ayakhula, anamathele eboyeni bukanina futhi ancela ngokuqinile izingono.
Ubude bomuntu omdala ngokuvamile abudluli amasentimitha angama-25. AmaNambats ahlala emahlathini e-eucalyptus, ahamba phansi. Futhi bahlomisa izidleke zabo ngokuthola umgodi ofanele esihlahleni esiwile.
Isidlakudla saseNambat
Ingwenya ehlanganisiwe
Izwe eliyingqayizivele lezilwane zezwekazi alithandeki nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ligcwele usongo, ngoba endle Izilwane zase-Australia eziyingozi ingahlangana njalo ngomzuzu.
Esinye sazo ingwenya e-crested - isilwane esidla abantu esikhohlisayo futhi esisheshayo esihlala emanzini asenyakatho yezwekazi. Isikhathi sakudala salezi zilwane sibalwa emakhulwini ezinkulungwane zeminyaka.
Bangabhukudi abahle kakhulu, bayingozi ngobuqili, futhi umbala wabo ophuzi okhanyayo ubafihla ngisho nokubuka ngokucophelela emanzini amnyama asezindaweni ezishisayo. Abesilisa bangaba ngaphezu kwamamitha amahlanu ubude.
Ingwenya ehlanganisiwe
UDeveli waseTasmania
Isimilo esinolaka, i-marsupial eyisiminzi, ekwazi ukubhekana nabaphikisi abaningi abakhulu ngokwanele. USathane waseTasmania umemeza kakhulu ebusuku, ngoba uphakathi nale nkathi yosuku lapho ehola khona impilo esebenzayo.
Futhi emini ulala ezihlahleni ezihlabayo. Inezidladla ezingalingani, umzimba omkhulu nombala omnyama. Uhlala esitendeni eduze nogu.
Esithombeni, lesi silwane siyi-tasmanian devil
Ingwe yekati
Mayelana nombala nokubukeka kwalo mmeleli ogqamile izilwane ezidla inyama zase-Australia kusho igama uqobo. Lesi sidalwa esinolaka sibizwa nangokuthi i-marsupial marten. Itholakala emahlathini e-eucalyptus futhi inemilenze ekhule kangangoba ingagibela izihlahla.
Amakati amahlosi abamba izinyoni endizeni futhi adle amaqanda awo. Ngesikhathi zizingela, izilwane ezidla ezinye zizingela ngesineke, zisebenzisa isikhathi esilungele ukuhlaselwa.Ama-kangaroo amancane, onogwaja kanye nama-ossum ezihlahla angaba izisulu zawo.
Ingwe yekati
I-Taipan
Inyoka enobuthi, ejwayelekile e-Australia. Ukuluma kwayo okukodwa kuqukethe ushevu owenele ukubulala amakhulu abantu. Uyashesha ukuhlasela futhi unolaka kakhulu. Uthanda ukucasha ezihlahleni zomoba. Kunomuthi wokugoma omelene ne-taipan bite, kepha uyasiza uma unikezwa ngokushesha.
Inyoka enobuthi i-taipan
Ushaka omkhulu omhlophe
Emanzini olwandle ageza ugu lwaseningizimu, ukuhlangana okubulalayo nesilo sasolwandle sasendulo esikhulu kakhulu futhi esinamandla, esikwazi ukuluma inyama yomuntu ngokuphazima kweso, kungaba yingozi. Ushaka, oteketiswa ngokuthi "ukufa okumhlophe", ungafinyelela ebangeni elingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-7, unomlomo omkhulu nomzimba onamandla ohambayo.
Ushaka omkhulu omhlophe
Iminyovu yasolwandle
Le yi-jellyfish yolwandle ehlaba ulwandle, ekwazi ukubulala isisulu ngomzuzu owodwa. Ubukhulu bayo buncane, kepha i-arsenal yayo iqukethe ubuthi obuningi kangangokuba yanele ukubulala abantu abayisithupha. Izidalwa ezinjalo kufanele zibhekwe olwandle oluphakeme olusogwini olusenyakatho lwe-Australia.
Ukubona kwalesi sidalwa kuyahlaba umxhwele: amatende amaningi alengiswe ocingweni lwawo ayakwazi ukwelula imitha ubude futhi anezinsimbi ezingamakhulu amaningana.
Umnyovu wasolwandle iJellyfish
Irukandji
Enye i-jellyfish, umhlangano ongabulala umuntu. Ubukhulu bayo bunesizotha kakhulu, kepha ngaphansi kwesigamu sehora kwanele ubuthi obukhishwe ukuqeda impilo yesisulu. Njengomnyovu wasolwandle, izintambo zalo zigcwele izitinyela, ezitholakala nasesiswini.
I-jellyfish irukandji
Omiyane bohlobo lweKusaki
Emhlabeni wemvelo yase-Australia, hhayi izilwane ezinkulu kuphela, kepha nezinambuzane ezincane ezingadala ingozi ebulalayo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona omiyane abancane. Ukulunywa kwalezi zithwali ze-encephalitis nemfiva kungabulala futhi kudluliselwe egazini lesisulu ngamathe ezinambuzane.
Umiyane onobuthi
Isicabucabu seLeukopautical
Isicabucabu esiyingozi kunazo zonke ezwekazini (kufika ku-7 cm ubude). I-chelicerae yayo eqinile futhi enamandla iyakwazi ukuluma ngesikhumba somuntu noma ngokusebenzisa ipuleti yezipikili. Isebenza ngokungenasihawu nangejubane lombani, imvamisa iluma amaningana ngasikhathi sinye.
Futhi ubuthi bayo buyakwazi ukungena engxenyeni yangaphakathi yethambo. Izinambuzane zihlela indawo yazo yokukhosela ezihlahleni ezibolile zemigodi nasemigodini ejulile emba ngaphansi komhlaba. Izingane zivame ukufa ngenxa yokulunywa yizicabucabu ezinjalo.
Isicabucabu seLeukopautical
Intshe Emu
Isihlobo senciniba, esifana ngaphandle nesihlobo saso, uhlobo lwaso phambilini esasibizwa ngentshe yase-Australia, kepha manje sesidluliselwe ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo emndenini we-cassowary. Ubukhulu balesi sidalwa abudluli kumamitha amabili, izimpaphe ezinde zifana noboya.
U-Emu uhlala emihlambini futhi uzulazula njalo efuna ukudla nemithombo yomswakama. Amaqanda abo ahlaba umxhwele ngosayizi, anesisindo esingangekhilogremu futhi anombala oluhlaza okotshani. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ikakhulukazi obaba be-emu abachamusele amaphuphu esikhathi esizayo.
Okufanekisiwe yintshe u-Emu
Cockatoo
Upholi omkhulu osesigabeni sezinyoni ezingandile. Ngesinye isikhathi lezi zinyoni ezithakazelisayo zalethwa zisuka e-Australia zaya kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu, zaba yizilwane ezifuywayo eziningi ezithandekayo.
Ziyakhanga ngoba zingadlala imiculo eyahlukahlukene, zenze izinombolo ze-acrobatic zize zenze nemidanso. Izimpaphe zopholi abaningi be-cockatoo zimhlophe. Zine-crest ephuzi, zidla izinambuzane ezincane, imbewu nezithelo.
I-Parrot cockatoo
I-Cassowary
Ohlala emahlathini ajulile ase-Australia, ophawuleka ngosayizi wawo omkhulu futhi onesisindo esingama-80 kg. Yinyoni, kepha ayikwazi ukundiza. Unombala omnyama, ekhanda kukhona uhlobo lwesigqoko sokuzivikela, okuyisakhiwo esinesiponji sezinto ze-keratinized, okuvame ukuba yisivikelo esiwusizo ekuqhamukeni kokudalelwa nokuhlaselwa kwezilwane.
Le enezimpiko isebenzisa amagundane amancane njengokudla, futhi ibuye ithole amajikijolo nezithelo ehlathini. Ngokukhahlela, i-cassowary ingakhubaza umuntu. Njengoba zaba yinto yokuzingelwa okungalawulwa ngesikhathi esifanele, lezi zidalwa zabhujiswa kakhulu.
Esithombeni cassowary
I-Bowerbird
I-bird bird bowerbird ingumklami wangempela. Abantu besilisa bakhela abangane babo amaqhugwane, bahlobisa izakhiwo zabo ngezimpaphe, amagobolondo nezimbali, bawapende ngejusi lamajikijolo asendle, ngaleyo ndlela bafinyelele lapho kutholakala khona “izintokazi”.
Izimpaphe yizihlobo zondlunkulu futhi ngokubukeka zifana nozakwabo. Usayizi wazo ungama-35 cm, ingxenye ephezulu yomlomo ikhonjiwe, imilenze mncane, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokugqamile.
Inyoni yaseBower
IsiPelican
Umhlali wasogwini lolwandle, olutholakala emachibini angaphakathi nezwe. Ubude bomzimba bungaphansi nje kwamamitha amabili. Uqhwaku lwale nyoni olunamandla lufakwe esikhwameni sesikhumba esingahlalisa amalitha angaba ngu-13 amanzi.
Ikhonza le nyoni engajwayelekile njengohlobo lwejuke lokubamba izidalwa eziphila emanzini eziphila ngazo. AmaPelican ahlala isikhathi eside. Amaphiko abanye abantu angafika ku-4 m.
Esithombeni kukhona ivuba
Ingwenya enentamo emincane
Isirhubuluzi esincani.Isifonyo siwumngcingo, amazinyo abukhali; umbala onsundu ngokukhanyayo, emuva nomsila kuhlotshiswe ngemivimbo emnyama. Idla izilwane ezincelisayo, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo, izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni nezinhlanzi. Lapho izingela, ivamise ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa, ilindele ukuthi inyamazane yayo idlule yodwa. Kubhekwa njengokungenabungozi kubantu.
Ingwenya enentamo emincane
U-Gecko
Isibankwa esithanda ukuchitha impilo yaso ezindaweni ezomile zezwekazi lesihlanu. Inosayizi omncane. Ishaya obukayo ngamehlo akhe angenazinkophe; futhi umsila wayo obhodlokile uyakwazi ukuzala kabusha.
Lesi sidalwa sikhipha imisindo eminingi ethokozisayo, ethole kuyo isidlaliso sesibankwa esiculayo. Ngalesi sici nokufaka umbala okuthakazelisayo, ama-geckos avame ukukhuliswa ezindaweni zasekhaya.
Ku-gecko yesithombe
I-Varan
Ebhekwa njengesibankwa esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, imvamisa ifinyelela usayizi wengwenya. Izidladla zezidalwa ziyaqina, futhi izicubu zazo zikhule kahle. Zinomsila omude osayizi womzimba. Umbala ubuswa amathoni amnyama, ansundu, esihlabathi nampunga, imvamisa enemigqa namabala. Ukuqapha izibankwa yizilwane ezidlayo.
Esilondweni sesithombe
I-Lizard ethosiwe
Umzimba walesi silwane esihuquzelayo ubomvana noma ube mpunga ngombala. Lesi sibankwa sathola igama laso ngokuba khona kohlobo lukakhola olunjengolwelwesi lwesikhumba, olukhumbuza ingubo. Umhlobiso onjalo, njengomthetho, upendwe ngemibala egqamile, esimweni esijwayelekile uyashiywa, kepha ngezikhathi zengozi kungasabisa isitha size sife.
I-Lizard ethosiwe
UMoloki
Ukutshela mayelana nezilwane e-Australia, akunakwenzeka ukungakhulumi ngoMoloki. Ameva akhula emzimbeni walesi sidalwa esithakazelisayo esingasabisa abaphikisana naso. Futhi i-condensate ehlala kulokho kukhula iyanqwabelana futhi igeleze ngqo emlonyeni wemoloch. Ngokuya ngesimo sendawo engaphandle, lezi zidalwa zishintsha kancane umbala wazo.
I-Lizard moloch
Ixoxo lasogwadule
Inekhanda elikhulu futhi yathuthukisa ulwelwesi lokubhukuda. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwalezi zidalwa ezimeni ezimbi kumangalisa nje. Uma umswakama ungekho ngokuphelele, zigobhozela odakeni, zilinde imvula. Futhi kulesi simo bangahlala kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu.
Ixoxo lasogwadule
