Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo i-tit enamakhanda ansundu
Igajethi enekhanda elinsundu, eyaziwa nangokuthi impuphu ngenxa yokuthi le nyoni ithanda ukugcwala izimpaphe zayo ngokuqinile ebusika nasesimweni sezulu esingesihle, isikhathi eside bekungeyomndeni we-tit, kepha muva nje izazi zezilwane zikuhlukanise nohlobo oluhlukile, olwathola igama elithandekayo - i-titmouse.
Kukhona inani elincane labamele lolu hlobo lohlobo, okuvame kakhulu ukuthi kube yilo ikhanda elinsundu nelinekhanda elimnyama, kumayelana neyokuqala okuzoxoxwa ngayo kulesi sihloko.
Igajethi enekhanda onsundu iyaphila emahlathini aminyene e-Eurasia, eCanada, eMelika naseCaucasus, hhayi kangako ezindaweni ezinezintaba ezisenyakatho yezwe, izintaba zaseCaucasus, iCarpathians. Zikhetha ukuhlala kude nabantu ezindaweni eziqhelile zehlathi.
Ngezikhathi zokushoda kokudla, angaba nelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi ngabantu futhi adle okusele. Akavamile ukuvakashela iziphakeli ezikhethekile zezinyoni ezenziwe ngumuntu. Iqembu elikhulu kakhulu lomndeni we-titmouse, okwesibili kuphela kune-tit enkulu ngenombolo.
Ngabe i-tit enekhanda onsundu ibukeka kanjani, uthanda izazi zemvelo eziningi, ngoba ukuthola imindeni yazo, uzodinga ukuhlomisa lonke uhambo oluya e-tundra yesithwathwa. Onke ama-titmice, okunguhlobo lwe-tit enamakhanda ansundu, amancane ngosayizi - amasentimitha ayi-12 -14 ubude, anomsila (5-6 cm) - 17-20 cm.Isisindo somzimba ngama-gramu ayi-10-15 kuphela.
Imvamisa kutholakala ngezimpaphe ezinsundu zomthunzi omnyama, phezulu kwekhanda kumnyama, ikepisi libuyele emuva kakhulu emuva kwekhanda. Intamo imhlophe ezinhlangothini zombili, kanti ichashaza elimnyama emphinjeni. Ingxenye engezansi yezimpaphe kanye nendawo yesethembiso inombala okhilimu okhanyayo.
UPukhlyak ungumculi wezinyoni, amakhono akhe ezwi ayamangalisa nje. Ukulalela ukuculwa kwalezi zinyoni kuyintokozo uqobo, yize i-repertoire yazo ingefani futhi inezinhlobonhlobo ezintathu zezingoma, okungukuthi:
Lalela izwi legajethi enamakhanda ansundu
- Indawo;
- Ukubonisa (okwenziwa ngabobulili bobabili ukuthola umlingani);
- Ukuqomisana (okwenziwa ngabesilisa ngesikhathi sokuqomisana kowesifazane).
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yetit enekhanda onsundu
Isihloko esinekhanda onsundu - izinyoni, ezihlala phansi, isidleke ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi emigodini naseziqwini zemithi ebangeni elifushane ukusuka emhlabathini.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo amabele, tit-onekhanda onsundu Bakhetha ukuzimela, njengabagawuli bezinkuni, baziklabhe izigaxa ezincane, ezifika ku-20 cm ukujula no-7-8 cm ububanzi.
Ngenxa yomlomo omncane, abakwazi ukukhonkotha amagxolo esihlahla esincane esiqinile, ngakho-ke bakhetha iziqu zezihlahla ezibolile ezifile nezinkuni eziwohlokile zokuhlela izidleke. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abakhukhumezayo bahlanganyela ekuhleleni izidleke ngababili, ezidalwe ekwindla.
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwayo, iduna elincane lifuna umlingani endaweni eseduzane (cishe amakhilomitha ama-5). Uma lokhu kwehluleka, ushiya izwe lakhe lokuzalwa bese endiza eyofuna inhlanhla ezindaweni ezikude zehlathi. Izihlahla ezithandwa kakhulu amachwane anekhanda onsundu yilezi:
- Alder;
- Isihlahla seBirch;
- Aspen;
Ngokwesilinganiso, lo msebenzi uthatha izinyoni cishe ngesonto, kwesinye isikhathi zibe ezimbili. Amabhulogi afinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi amabili ukujula; amagxolo, amagatsha, izimpaphe, uvolo kusetshenziselwa ukudala. Isici esibalulekile esihlukanisa izidleke zabakhukhumezekile ukuthi awusoze wabuthola ubulembu emigodini yabo, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-chickweed.
Kuyaqabukela kakhulu, ukuthukuthela kungahlala emigodini eseyenziwe ngomumo noma izidleke ezenziwe ngonyaka owedlule. Kujwayele ukuba namaqanda ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ku-clutch, ama-broods amabili ngesizini ayivamile ngokweqile.
Kakade ehlobo elizayo, abazali abanamachwane amancane bajoyina imihlambi eyimizulane, engabandakanyi nje kuphela ama-geek anamakhanda ansundu; angabandakanya ama-kinglets nezinye izinyoni.
Ekwindla, abakhukhumezayo bahlala futhi babheke abalingani bokukhwelana. Eminye yale mihlambi iyaqhubeka nokuzula ebusika, kwesinye isikhathi isikhathi eside impela ifuna indawo yokuhlala engcono noma izithandani.
Lezi zinyoni zithanda ukufihla ama-cache ngezimbewu zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, kepha cishe zihlala zikhohlwa lapho zifihle khona umcebo, ngakho ekujuleni kwehlathi ungathola inani elikhulu lezindawo zokugcina.
Ngendlela efanayo, zisiza izihlahla ezintsha zikhule futhi zandise indawo yehlathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izizukulwane ezizayo zokukhukhumeza zizokwazi ukuxazulula ngokwakha izidleke kulezi zihlahla.
Amantshontsho anekhanda elinsundu nawo ahlakaniphe kakhulu, ngoba uma eziqhola esidlekeni, awalokothi ashiye amachips ngqo ngaphansi kwesihlahla, awadlulisele kwenye ingxenye yehlathi noma awafihle phakathi kwezinaliti.
Amafindo amancane ezinkuni embhedeni omhlophe weqhwa anganikeza indawo esidlekeni. Izidleke ezishiywe ngemuva kokubanda kwamachwane anekhanda elinsundu zisebenza njengekhaya lezinye izinyoni ezincane, ezinjengababambi bezimpukane noma ezinye izingosi, ngonyaka ozayo.
Ukudla okunomsoco kwe-tit enekhanda onsundu
Zonke izinhlobo zezinhlayiya ezinamakhanda ansundu zondla ngobuningi bezinambuzane ezincane ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ama-invertebrate kanye nezibungu. Impushana ilusizo kakhulu emvelweni yezinyoni, njengoba zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni inani lezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene.
Zisiza izihlahla ukuqeda ama-parasites ngokukhipha izinambuzane ezincane ngaphansi kwegxolo. Izimpushana nazo zondla imbewu nezithelo zezitshalo. Ehlobo, ½ kokudla kwabo kunezitshalo kanye ½ nokudla kwezilwane.
Ebusika, i-¾ yokudla yakhiwa izitshalo, ikakhulukazi imbewu yama-conifers - izihlahla zikaKhisimusi, umsedari ne-yew. Amachwane asemancane athanda ukuba nesidlwana esinamacimbi, izicabucabu ezincane, izibungu nezinye izinambuzane ezincane ngokungezwa okuqhubekayo kwezitshalo. Ezitshalweni, okusanhlamvu nokusanhlamvu kuthatha indawo ekhethekile ekudleni, okungukuthi:
- Ukolweni;
- Hop;
- I-Hemp;
- Ilineni;
- Ukolweni;
- Oats;
- Ibhali;
Amajikijolo:
- I-gooseberry;
- Okusajingijolo;
- Ijikijolo;
- I-Currant;
Bancamela ukufuna inzuzo phakathi nasemahlathini aphansi ehlathini, ezihlahleni eziminyene, kepha empeleni awehli phansi. Emahlathini ase-Europe, ungabona isithombe esihlekisayo sokuthi izinyoni zalolu hlobo zilenga kanjani zibhekane nehlumela elincanyana, zizama ukubamba izinyosi ezithile.
Ebusika, zibheka izinambuzane ngokukhipha amagxolo ezihlahla. Njengoba sekushiwo, phakathi nonyaka bafihla inqwaba yezinqolobane zembewu emigodini ephakathi kwegxolo nesiqu sesihlahla, ezihlahleni. Phatha abantu ngokuqapha, ukuze bangasondeli kubaphakeli, baze babhekane nendlala enkulu.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo yetit enamakhanda ansundu
Ngokwesilinganiso, onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila, kubantu abayinkulungwane, kusinda abangamakhulu amathathu. Isilinganiso sobude bempilo yeminyaka engu-2-3. Ubudala obukhulu kunabo bonke, ezimeni ezingavamile i-powder iyakwazi ukusinda - iminyaka eyi-9, inombolo efanayo ihlala ekhaya. I-tit yesifazane ephethwe nsundu ibeka amaqanda ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Kwesinye isikhathi zisongwa ziqonde ngqo phansi komgodi, lapho kukhona khona umbhede othambile wezitshalo ezomile, amahlumela kanye nama-chips.
Ngemuva kokuba insikazi igcwele umgodi, ilinda ezinye izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha, kuthi emva kwalokho ibeke amaqanda asukela kwayisithupha kuye kwayishumi nambili ngesikhathi esimhlophe qwa esinamabala abomvu akhanyayo. I-puffball yesifazane ifukamela amaqanda amasonto amabili, kanti eyeduna ivikela indawo futhi izingele ukondla umlingani wayo.
Amachwane achamisela kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili. Izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, umama akaphumi aphume emgodini nhlobo, afudumeze izingane ezisanda kuzalwa; esikhwameni esidlekeni, zihlala cishe izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi owesilisa, ngenkathi insikazi ifukamela amaqanda, ithwala ukudla izikhathi ezingamakhulu amabili noma kathathu ngosuku. Ngemuva kwenyanga, amachwane aqala ukundizela ngaphandle kwesidleke, kepha umama uzoqhubeka nokuwondla isikhathi esingangesonto.
Ngemuva kwalokho, amatshwele amancane, kanye nabamele abambalwa abadala bohlobo lwe-tit enamakhanda ansundu, babuthana emhlambini, kamuva ohlangana nemihlambi yezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni. Ngokubambisana, baqala ukuhamba ezindaweni ezisenyakatho befuna indawo entsha yokwakha izidleke.
Kuyo yonke impilo, amaphuphu amabili akha inzalo engaphezu kweyodwa, ngokunakekela ngokunakekela amaqanda namachwane achanyuselwe, okuyothi ezinsukwini eziyi-18-20 kuzodingeka aphile ehlathini lasendle nasemakhazeni. Impilo yama-gaits ayibikezeli futhi inzima, kusinda kuphela imindeni emikhulu - okuqine kakhulu futhi okujwayeleke kakhulu endle.
