Incazelo nendlela yokuphila
Izinhlanzi ezidliwayo ze-Taimen umndeni we-salmon. Uhlala emachibini amakhulu nasemifuleni yaseMpumalanga Ekude, eSiberia, e-Altai, eNyakatho Kazakhstan. Ngaphansi kwesisindo kune-salmon. Umzimba ohlanjululwe ngokuphelele umbozwe izikali ezincane.
Inhlanzi imincane, inekhanda eliyisicaba, umlomo onamandla namazinyo amakhulu. Umbala wesiliva okhanyayo. Ingemuva limnyama, linombala oluhlaza okotshani, isisu sikhanyayo, simhlophe ngokungcolile. Emzimbeni wayo ohlanganisiwe kunamachashazi amaningi amnyama, ngaphezu kwalokho, phambi kwawo ngaphezulu kunasemuva.
Kukhona namabala ekhanda, lapho emakhulu khona. Amaphiko weCaudal nezezindlu zangemuva abomvu, okusele okumpunga; i-thoracic nesisu sikhanya kancane. Isisindo ushukela kuyehluka ngeminyaka. Abantu abaneminyaka eyisikhombisa abanesisindo esingu-3-4 kg bakhule bafike kuma-70 cm.
Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, iyaguqula umbala, iba umbala okhanyayo obomvu-wethusi. Isikhathi sokuphila ngokuvamile siyiminyaka engu-15-17. Ikhula yonke impilo. Ifinyelela kubude obufinyelela kuma-200 cm kanye nesisindo esingu-90 kg. Elinye lama-taimen amakhulu labanjwa eMfuleni iYenisei.
Indawo yokuhlala
Kusukela endulo, abantu ababehlala eSiberia babebheka ibhere njengenkosi ye-taiga, futhi ama-taimen njengenkosi yemifula namachibi e-taiga. Le nhlanzi eyigugu ithanda amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile nezindawo eziqhelile ezingakathintwa, ikakhulukazi imifula egcwele egcwele izishingishane ezinkulu ezisheshayo, ezinamachibi nemigodi.
Lawa amahlathi angaweleki emgodini weYenisei River, lapho kunendalo enhle kakhulu yetaiga. E-Krasnoyarsk Territory, ama-taimen afinyelela osayizi abakhulu kakhulu. Taimen uyaphila: Kemerovo, izifunda zaseTomsk - imifula iKiya neTom, iRiphabhulikhi yaseTuva, isifunda sase-Irkutsk - izitsha zemifula: Lena, Angara, Oka. E-Altai Territory - emithanjeni ye-Ob.
I-taimen yaseSiberia (evamile) - ummeleli omkhulu womndeni wama-salmon. Enye yezinhlobo zamanzi angenasawoti. Kuthatha insimu ebalulekile yaseYurophu naseNyakatho ye-Asia. Umzingeli omkhulu kunabo bonke.
Itholakala emifuleni yaseSiberia, umcengezi wase-Amur. Ngentwasahlobo, lapho izinga lamanzi likhuphuka, inhlanzi iqala ukuhamba nomsinga lapho iya khona. I-Taimen ikhetha inhlabathi yamatshe amatshe, phansi kwe-rapids, lapho kuphuma khona amanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
I-Taimen iyabhukudi elinamandla futhi eliqinisayo, elinomzimba onamandla nomhlane obanzi. Ehlobo, lihlala emigodini ejulile ngaphansi kwama-rapids, elula ngezansi ezingalingani, ezindaweni ezinokuthula. Ingagcina ngamaqembu abantu abaningana ezindaweni eziphakathi nomfula.
Isigaba sakhe somfula usazi kahle. Umzingeli weTwilight. Ekuseni uyaphumula ngemuva kokuzingela. Esimweni sezulu esibuhlungu esinemvula, zingela ubusuku nemini. Izinhlanzi ezinamandla nezishesha kalula, zingagxumela kalula phezu kwama-rapids nezinye izithiyo.
Ukuze kulondolozwe le nhlanzi enhle njengohlobo oluthile, kwethulwa izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Konke ukudoba ama-taimen kwenziwa ngokomthetho - "catch - release". Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli yithuba elihle kakhulu lokubona ukukhula kwalo nokukhula kwalo endaweni yalo yemvelo.
Ukuziphatha kwenhlanzi nomlingiswa
Uhlala ezansi komfula, ezindaweni zokudonswa kwamanzi ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ekuseni nasekuseni ithungatha eduze kwaphezulu. Ngenkathi ebandayo, ngaphansi kweqhwa. Abamele abasha bajoyina ngamaqembu. Izinhlanzi ezindala zithanda ukubhukuda zodwa, kwesinye isikhathi zimataniswa. Umsebenzi weSalmon uyanda ngokushisa okunciphile.
Uma amanzi efudumele, inhlanzi ilahlekelwa ukuhamba kwayo, iyavinjelwa. Umsebenzi ophakeme kakhulu wenzeka ngenyanga kaSepthemba, lapho i-taimen ithola isisindo. Abasabi ama-shoals kanye nemifantu, bangagxuma kalula phezu kwempophoma encane noma ukuvimba.
Ungahamba emanzini angajulile lapho imihlane yawo ibonakala ngaphezu kwamanzi. Uthanda imvula, isimo sezulu esinomoya. Kukholakala ukuthi intanta ngokushesha ingene inkungu, futhi lapho inkungu ibajiya, ukuhamba kuyashesha. Abadobi bathi ama-taimen angenza imisindo ezwakala ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Ukudla
Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesibili yehlobo, gazinga likhula lifike kuma-40 mm, ukudla kokuqala kwefry yizibungu zezihlobo zazo. Eminyakeni yokuqala engu-3-4, izinhlanzi ze-taimen zondla izinambuzane nezinsana zezinye izinhlanzi, ngakho-ke, ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi. Abantu abadala - izinhlanzi: ama-perches, ama-gudgeon nezinye izilwane zasemanzini angenasawoti. Ubuye abe nentshisekelo ngezinyoni zasemanzini nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo (amadada, ama-shrews, amagundane e-vole).
Izilwane ezincane zomhlaba zingaba isisulu sazo uma ziseduze kwamanzi. Sizophuma emanzini bese sithola isilwane esincane emhlabathini. Uthanda amaxoxo, amagundane, izingwejeje, amadada ngisho namahansi, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke - i-young grayling. I-Taimen iphakela unyaka wonke, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuzala, ikakhulu ngemuva kokuzala. Ukukhula ngokushesha. Ngeminyaka eyishumi ifinyelela kubude obuyikhulu cm, isisindo esingu-10 kg.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
E-Altai kuvela ngo-Ephreli, eNyakatho Urals ngoMeyi. I-trout caviar obomvu ngokugqamile, osayizi wepea (5 mm noma ngaphezulu). Kukholakala ukuthi i-caviar izala ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngonyaka, kepha hhayi kancane. Ngemuva kokuzala, babuyela ekhaya endaweni yabo yakudala "yokuhlala".
Inombolo ejwayelekile yamaqanda omuntu oyedwa izinkulungwane eziyi-10-30. Insikazi izalela amaqanda emgodini ongaphansi komfula, nayo iyayenza. Abesilisa abampofu abazalanayo bahle, umzimba wabo, ikakhulukazi ezansi komsila, uba bomvu ngokusawolintshi. Ubuhle obungalibaleki bemvelo - imidlalo yokukhwelana yezinhlanzi-i-taimen!
Ukudoba ama-taimen
Lolu hlobo akusilo olokuhweba. Igundane lingasebenza njengokunamathiselwe (kumnyama ebusuku, kukhanya emini). Kuma-taimen amancane, kuhle ukusebenzisa isibungu. Ngokusho kwabadobi, iphendula inyamazana ngezindlela ezehlukeneyo: ingashaya ngomsila wayo noma igwinye bese iya ekujuleni. Ingaphula noma yephule ulayini ngesikhathi sokudoba emanzini. Ukuze ungalimazi izinhlanzi, udinga ukudonsa ngokushesha ogwini, udonse ngemuva ngehuku.
Ngokuphotha noma okunye ukudoba, imvume ekhethekile evela kuziphathimandla zendawo iyadingeka, ngoba izinhlanzi ze-taimen zivikelwe ngumthetho. Izinhlobo ze-taimen: I-Sakhalin (oLwandle lwaseJapan, kuphela amanzi ahlanzekile nolwandle olwandle alungele yona), iDanube, iSiberia - amanzi angenasawoti.
I-Taimen ingumhlobiso wemvelo yaseSiberia. Ngenxa yokwephulwa kwendawo yokuhlala, ukwehla kwamanani, intengo yama-taimen iphezulu. Isitoko esidala ezindaweni eziphezulu ze-Ob ngabantu abangama-230 kuphela. Ngo-1998, ama-taimen afakwa eRed Book of the Altai Territory. Namuhla ukubamba taimen akuvunyelwe! Esikhathini sethu, uhlelo lokubuyiselwa nokuvikelwa kwabantu bezinhlobo luyathuthukiswa.
