I-piranha ejwayelekile (lat. Pygocentrus nattereri, kanye ne-piranha Natterera, i-red-bellied, ebomvu) yinhlanzi esivele inomlando wayo, ngoba ibigcinwe emanzini ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60.
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-piranha futhi lubanzi emvelweni, ikakhulukazi e-Amazon nase-Orinoco.
I-piranha enebhande elibomvu ibukeka yinhle lapho ivuthwa ngokocansi. Umhlane wakhe unombala wensimbi, wonke umzimba wakhe uyisiliva, futhi isisu sakhe, umphimbo, nesiphetho sendunu kubomvu ngokugqamile.
Ingenye yama-piranhas amakhulu kunawo wonke, efinyelela kuma-33 cm, yize imvamisa incane e-aquarium. Ngokwemvelo, uhlala emihlambini yabantu abangama-20, ngakho-ke, kulula kubo ukuzingela, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ababi yizisulu ngokwabo.
I-piranha enebhande elibomvu ibhekwa njengolunya kunabo bonke abameleli balezi zinhlobo ezitholakala emvelweni.
Yize kungakhethi ngokudla futhi kuqinile impela, kunconywa ukuthi ukugcinele ama-aquarists anolwazi kuphela. Ngempela iyinhlanzi edlayo enamazinyo abukhali kakhulu.
Iningi lokulunywa ngama-aquarists kwenzeke ngenxa yokunganaki, kepha kusengcono ukuthi ungaphinde unamathele izandla zakho kwi-aquarium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudinga kakhulu ikhwalithi yamanzi.
Inhlanzi iyisidlakela futhi ngokuqinisekile ayifanele iqhaza endimeni ye-aquarium ejwayelekile. Bangahlala e-aquarium bodwa, kepha kungcono ukuwagcina emhlambini.
Kodwa-ke, ngisho naseqenjini elenziwe, amacala okuhlukunyezwa nokudla abantu akuvamile. Njengomthetho, inhlanzi enkulu futhi evelele kunazo zonke ilawula umhlambi. Uthatha izihlalo eziphambili adle kuqala. Noma yimiphi imizamo yokuphonsela inselelo isimo samanje sezinto iphela ngokulwa noma ukulimala kophikisana naye.
Ungazama okuqukethwe nezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu zohlobo lwazo, njenge-pacu emnyama ngenkathi esemusha.
Ngenhlanzi eyodwa, i-aquarium yamalitha ayi-150 yanele, kepha isikole sidinga enye ebanzi. Badla kakhulu nangokuhaha, beshiya udoti omningi, futhi badinga isihlungi esinamandla sangaphandle.
Ukuphila emvelweni
I-red-bellied piranha (isiLatin Pygocentrus nattereri phambilini, uSerrasalmus nattereri noRooseveltiella nattereri) yachazwa okokuqala ngo-1858 nguKner.
Kunenani elikhulu lokuphikisana ngegama lesiLatini futhi kungenzeka ukuthi lisazoshintsha, kepha okwamanje sihlale kuP. Nattereri.
Itholakala kuyo yonke iNingizimu Melika: iVenezuela, iBrazil, iPeru, iBolivia, iParaguay, i-Argentina, iColombia, i-Ecuador ne-Uruguay. Uhlala e-Amazon, e-Orinoco, eParana nakweminye imifula emincane engenakubalwa.
Uhlala emifuleni, imifudlana, imifudlana emincane. Futhi nasemachibini amakhulu, emachibini, emahlathini agcwele amanzi nasemathafeni. Zizingela ngemihlambi yabantu abayi-20 kuya kwabangu-30.
Ziphila ngokudla konke okungadliwa: izinhlanzi, iminenke, izitshalo, izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla, izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini.
Incazelo
IPiranhas ikhula ize ifike kuma-33 cm ubude, kepha lokhu kungokwemvelo, kanti nase-aquarium kuncane kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuphila esijwayelekile cishe siyiminyaka eyi-10, kepha amacala aqoshwe ngenkathi ephila nangaphezulu kwama-20.
IPiranha inomzimba onamandla, ominyene, ocindezelwe kamuva. Kulula kakhulu ukuzibona ngekhanda ngomhlathi omkhulu ongezansi.
Phonsa ngomsila onamandla nomzimba okaliwe ukuze uthole isithombe esifanele sombulali osheshayo, osebenzayo.
Abantu abavuthiwe ngokobulili banethezeka ngombala wabo. Umbala womzimba ungahluka, kepha ikakhulu uyinsimbi noma mpunga, izinhlangothi ziyisiliva, futhi isisu, umphimbo kanye nempiko yangemuva kubomvu ngokugqamile.
Abanye futhi banesikhumba segolide ezinhlangothini. AmaJuireli asephelile, anombala osiliva.
Kunzima kokuqukethwe
Izinhlanzi azidli ngokudla futhi kulula ukuzigcina. Kodwa-ke, akunconyelwe ama-aquarists angenalwazi.
Ziyizilwane ezidliwayo, zinkulu, kungcono kakhulu ukunakekela i-aquarium ngokunakekela, kube nezimo lapho ama-piranhas alimaza abanikazi bawo, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha.
Ukondla
Ngokwemvelo, badla ngokwehluka kakhulu, kepha hhayi noma kunjalo - abakubambayo nabakutholayo. Njengomthetho, lezi yizinhlanzi, ama-molluscs, ama-invertebrates, ama-amphibian, izithelo, imbewu.
Kepha, behlangana emihlambini engaphezu kwekhulu, bangahlasela izilwane ezinkulu, njenge-heron noma i-capybara.
Naphezu kwedumela labo elibi, ngokwemvelo, ama-piranha angabahlaseli bezinambuzane. Zibonisa ubudlwangudlwangu ngezikhathi ezilambile zesomiso nasemhlambini omkhulu, ezingabuthelani ukuzingela, kepha ukuvikela izilwane.
Izilwane ezibuthakathaka nezigulayo kuphela eziba isisulu sama-piranhas.
E-aquarium, bakhetha ukudla kwezilwane - inhlanzi, imicu yezinhlanzi, imfanzi efriziwe, inyama ye-squid, inhliziyo, imisundu kanye nezilwane ezinwabuzelayo, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube namagundane bukhoma.
Kodwa akunconywa ukondla inyama yezilwane ezincelisayo, ngoba ayigaywanga kahle yizinhlanzi futhi iholela ekukhuluphaleni.
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi kuzoba nokudla okuningi okusele ngemuva kwabo, futhi ukubola kwabo kungabulala kakhulu amanzi.
Ukuhambisana
Umbuzo wokuthi ngabe i-piranha ingahlala yini nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi mhlawumbe iyimpikiswano enkulu. Abanye bathi lokhu akunakwenzeka, abanye babagcina ngempumelelo nezinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu.
Kungenzeka kakhulu, konke kuncike ezintweni eziningi: ingakanani i-aquarium, zingaki izitshalo, imingcele yamanzi, inani labantu, isimilo sabo, ukuthi bondla kangakanani abanye.
Kulula kakhulu ukugcina nezinhlobo ezinkulu: i-black pacu, ukucula i-catfish, i-plekostomus, i-pterygoplicht. Ababili bokugcina bazwana kahle nabo, njengoba behlala ezingxenyeni ezingezansi, futhi bavikelwe ngamacwecwe amathambo.
Ungazama ezinye izinhlanzi, kodwa unenhlanhla engakanani. Amanye ama-piranha awathinti muntu iminyaka, amanye….
Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa ku-aquarium
Ihlala kuzo zonke izingqimba zamanzi. Ku-aquarium enomthamo wamalitha ayi-150, akukho ngaphezu kwenhlanzi eyodwa engagcinwa. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi kunconyelwa ukugcina ama-piranhas emihlambini yabantu abane noma ngaphezulu, ivolumu yomhlambi onjalo iyadingeka kusuka kumalitha angama-300 noma ngaphezulu.
Ngokumangazayo, banamahloni, futhi ukubenza bazizwe bekhululeke kakhudlwana, i-aquarium idinga izindawo lapho zingacasha khona. Kulokhu, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-driftwood noma ezinye izinto zokuhlobisa, ngoba izitshalo zingalimaza.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu kokuqukethwe njalo amanzi ahlanzekile. Hlola amazinga e-ammonia ne-nitrate masonto onke ngokuhlolwa, bese ushintsha amanzi masonto onke.
Kubalulekile ukuthi kube nesihlungi esinamandla sangaphandle ku-aquarium futhi kunezinguquko ezijwayelekile zamanzi. Lokhu kudalwa ukuthi bangudoti owedlulele ngenkathi bedla, futhi badla ukudla kwamaprotheni okubola ngokushesha.
Isihlungi kufanele sigezwe njalo futhi kaningi kunakwamanye ama-aquariums. Indlela enhle yokuthola ukuthi isikhathi silungile yini, futhi, ngezivivinyo.
Khumbula ukusebenzisa amanzi e-aquarium lapho uhlanza imithombo yezokuhlunga!
Into ebaluleke kakhulu kokuqukethwe (futhi kumnandi!) Ukugcina. Bukela izilwane ezifuywayo, ufunde, uqonde futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana ngeke usadinga ukuzesaba. Uzobona zonke izinkinga esigabeni sokuqala.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Kunzima ngokweqile ukuhlukanisa owesifazane kowesilisa. Ngokubuka, lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ngokubhekwa kokuziphatha kwesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuzala.
Abesilisa ngalesi sikhathi badwetshwe ngemibala egqame kakhulu, kanti isisu sowesifazane siba yizindilinga kusuka emaqandeni.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Okokuqala, i-aquarium kufanele ibe sendaweni ethulile lapho kungekho muntu ozophazamisa izinhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlanzi kufanele ihambisane (isikole esinesikhathi eside sakhiwe, esinabaphathi abathuthukile).
Ukuze uzalise ngempumelelo, udinga amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu - ubuncane be-ammonia nama-nitrate, ph 6.5-7.5, izinga lokushisa 28 ° C, kanye ne-aquarium enamandla lapho lo mbhangqwana ungakhetha khona indawo yawo.
Umbhangqwana olungele ukuzala ukhetha isiza sokuzalela, esigadwe ngonya. Umbala uba mnyama bese baqala ukwakha isidleke ezansi, badonse izitshalo namatshe ahambayo.
Lapha insikazi imaka amaqanda, eyeduna ezowavundisa ngokushesha. Ngemuva kokuzala, eyeduna izogada amaqanda futhi ihlasele wonke umuntu oza kuye.
I-Caviar i-orange ngombala, ichanyuselwa ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3. Izinsuku ezimbalwa, lesi sibungu sizondla esikhwameni se-yolk, ngemuva kwalokho sizobhukuda.
Kusukela manje, amafry adluliselwa e-nursery aquarium. Qaphela, owesilisa angahlasela into, avikele ifry.
Kakade sekuthosiwe, ama-piranha ahahela kakhulu ukudla. Udinga ukubondla nge-brine shrimp nauplii, izinsuku zokuqala, bese ufaka ama-flakes, ama-bloodworms, i-daphnia, njll.
Udinga ukondla gazinga kaningi, kabili noma kathathu ngosuku. Amajita akhula ngokushesha okukhulu, afinyelela isentimitha ngenyanga.
