I-piranha ejwayelekile iyinhlanzi edliwe ngemisebe eyingozi. Ngokokuqala ngqa kwaziwa ngakho phakathi nekhulu le-19. Ngokwemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 zalezi zinhlanzi, ezine zazo ezingaba yingozi kubantu.
Ubude bomuntu omdala buhluka kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-30 cm. Noma kunjalo, kube nezimo lapho ngencazelo ofakazi bokuzibonela, piranha safinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-80. Kwakungummeleli omkhulu kunabo bonke bohlobo lwayo.
Umbala wabesifazane nabesilisa uhlukile. Ngokwemvelo, kukhona ama-piranhas wesilisa anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-mnyama noma oluhlaza, anombala wesiliva. Abesifazane bale nhlanzi banezikali ezinombala onsomi.
Ngokukhula, umbala uba mnyama. Izinhlanzi zasePiranha ziyehluka ngesakhiwo esithile somhlathi. Amazinyo avaliwe afana neziphu evaliwe. Isakhiwo esinjalo sibasiza ukuba bazingele ngempumelelo inyamazane enkulu kakhulu.
Okufanekisiwe inhlanzi ye-piranha
Kwabadume kakhulu izinhlobo ze-piranha kungabangelwa izinhlanzi ezinamandla, i-black pacu (inhlanzi edla imifino), i-lunar kanye ne-metinnis ejwayelekile, emincane, emifushane, ifulegi i-piranha, i-red fin mile.
Ososayensi bahlukanisa ama-piranhas kanye ne-pacu njengabamele umndeni "wezinhlanzi ezinamazinyo", ohlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwe-keel enamazinyo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ikakhulukazi kokudla okunomsoco nokwakhiwa komhlathi, izinhlanzi zihluke kakhulu.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo ama-piranhas
Ungahlangana nama-piranhas emanzini aseNingizimu Melika: eVenezuela, eBrazil, eBolivia, e-Argentina, eColombia, e-Ecuador. I-Amazon, i-Orinoco, iParana yizindawo zemifula ezithandwa kakhulu, lapho i-piranha ihlala khona.
Esithombeni, izinhlanzi ze-piranha pacu
Bathanda amanzi amasha afudumele acebile nge-oxygen, imisinga ezothile nenqwaba yezimila. Kwesinye isikhathi zingatholakala nasemanzini olwandle. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesifazane abakwazi ukuzala. Izinhlobo eziningana zezinhlanzi zingahlala endaweni efanayo.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yezinhlanzi ze-piranha
Mayelana nezinhlanzi ze-piranha ziningi izinganekwane. IPiranha kuyisiko ukushaya ucingo inhlanzi ebulalayo nezilo ngenxa yolaka lwazo. Umlingiswa wezinhlanzi "oxabanayo" ungabonakala ngokubheka indlela abaziphatha ngayo esikoleni.
Kuyenzeka kaningi ukubona ukuthi inhlanzi ilahlekelwe yi-fin, noma kunezibazi emzimbeni. AmaPiranhas angahlasela hhayi kuphela abameleli bezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zomhlaba, kodwa futhi "nabafo" babo. Kukhona ngisho namacala okudla abantu. Ngokuyinhloko, ama-piranhas akhetha imifula lapho kunezinhlanzi eziningi khona, ngoba ukudla kwazo kuyinto esemqoka empilweni.
Amacala "wokudla umuntu" kwesinye isikhathi avela ephaketheni lama-piranhas
IPiranhas ngokuvamile ibhukuda ngamaqembu amancane abantu abangama-25-30. Eminye imihlambi ingafinyelela cishe kwinkulungwane yabamele lolu hlobo. Ukufuya kuyimvelo kubo hhayi ngenxa yesifiso sokubulala. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kuyindlela yokuzivikela, ngoba kukhona izilwane emvelweni okuyi-piranhas ukudla kwazo. Isibonelo, ama-caimans, ezinye izinhlobo zofudu, izinyoka, izinyoni.
Ukudla kwe-piranha kuhluke kakhulu. Kubandakanya:
- inhlanzi;
- iminenke;
- izilwane zasemanzini;
- ezingenamgogodla;
- izitshalo;
- abantu ababuthakathaka noma abagulayo;
- izilwane ezinkulu (amahhashi, izinyathi).
AmaPiranhas - izinhlanzi ezidlayo, ezizingela kaningi kusihlwa nasebusuku, kanye nasekuseni. Kukhona izinhlanzi ama-piranha angazidli. Isibonelo, i-catfish yaseNingizimu Melika. Le nhlanzi isiza ukuqeda ama-piranhas avela kuma-parasites.
Ubudlova bezinhlanzi buyanda ngokuqala kokuzala. Ngesikhathi semvula - ukuphela kukaJanuwari - isikhathi esihle sokukhiqiza kabusha. Ngaphambi kokuba kuzalwe, abesilisa benza imbobo ngezansi, bashaye udaka. Ku "ndawo yokukhosela" enjalo ungabeka cishe amaqanda ayinkulungwane.
Abesilisa bavikela inzalo, banikeze i-oxygen ngenxa yokunyakaza okukhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukugcina inzalo, amaqanda anamathele emaqabungeni noma ezinhlangeni ze-algae. Izibungu zivela emahoreni angama-40.
Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, badla izinqolobane zenyongo. Ngokushesha nje lapho gazinga lizitholela ngokwabo ukudla, abazali bayayeka ukubagada. I-piranha evuthiwe ngokocansi ibhekwa uma ikhula ibe ngu-15-18 cm.UPiranhas ngabazali abanomusa, abanakekelayo. Abantu abadala bathule. Azihlaseli isisulu, kepha zikhetha ukuhlala otshanini basolwandle noma ngemuva kwesikhubekiso.
Yize kunombono wokuthi ama-piranhas ayizinhlanzi ezibulalayo, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi bangathola ukwethuka kokwesaba. Uma inhlanzi isaba, ingakwazi "ukuquleka": izikali zomuntu ngamunye ziphenduka ziphaphatheka, kuthi i-piranha icwile eceleni ibheke ezansi. Kepha ngemuva kokuvuka kwakhe, ipiranha iyashesha ukuzivikela.
Izinhlanzi zasePiranha ziyingozi okomuntu. Amacala okudla kwabantu awabhalisiwe, kepha ukulunywa okuvela kulezi zinhlanzi kungalimala kakhulu. Ukulunywa kwezinhlanzi iPiranha okubuhlungu, amanxeba ayavuvukala isikhathi eside futhi awapholi. Cishe abantu abangama-70 ngonyaka balunywa ama-piranhas.
IPiranha yinhlanzi edla ezinye. Ingozi enkulu imihlathi yakhe. Ososayensi benze ucwaningo. Abantu abambalwa babanjwa e-Amazon. Ama-Dynamometer ehliswa abuye abe yi-aquarium lapho ayekhona.
Ngenxa yalokho, kwavela ukuthi ukulunywa kwezinhlanzi kungafinyelela kuma-newton angamakhulu amathathu namashumi amabili. Kwavela ukuthi ama-piranhas anemihlathi enamandla kunabo bonke abamele izilwane. Ziningi izithombe ze-piranha fish khombisa izinga lobungozi ekuhlangabezaneni nalesi silwane.
Ukudla kwePiranha
Labo abafuna ukugcina i-piranha ekhaya kufanele bazi amanye ama-nuances wokudla okunempilo.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza ukudla ngemithamo. Kungabonakala sengathi izinhlanzi zilambile. Eqinisweni, lokhu akunjalo. AmaPiranhas anesifiso esihlala njalo sokudla.
- Amanzi akwi-aquarium kufanele ahlanzeke, ngakho-ke udinga ukususa ukudla okusele ngemuva kokudla ngakunye. Izinhlanzi zingagula ngenxa yokungcola.
- Imizuzu emi-2 yisikhathi esikahle sokudla kwabantu ngabanye.
- Ukuze ama-piranha abe nempilo futhi azizwe kahle, udinga ukwehluka ekudleni ngangokunokwenzeka. Kuyasiza ukondla izinhlanzi ngezimfanzi, onoshobishobi, izibopho zezinhlanzi ezifriziwe, inyama yenkomo eqoshiwe.
- Kukhona umkhiqizo ongafanele unikezwe izilwane ezifuywayo - izinhlanzi zasemanzini angenasawoti. Ngokuvamile, awukwazi ukondla ama-piranha ngenyama kuphela.
- Intsha ingondliwa ngemisundu yegazi, i-tubifex, izikelemu, bese idluliselwa kancane kancane ekudleni kwabantu abadala.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo ye-piranha
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, insikazi iyajika ibheke phansi. Cishe amaqanda angama-3000 angazalwa ngasikhathi sinye. Usayizi ojwayelekile weqanda elilodwa uyimilimitha eyodwa nohhafu.
Uma ukukhiqizwa kwenzeka emanzini, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwenzalo, izinhlanzi zinolaka kakhulu, ngakho-ke akufanele ubeke izandla zakho ku-aquarium noma uzame ukuthinta inhlanzi. Abazali badinga ukuhlukaniswa nenzalo yabo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa inetha eliphathwe isikhathi eside ngalokhu. Izimo zabo zokuhlala kufanele zifane. Uma ufuna ukuzalela ama-piranha ekhaya, kufanele uthenge izindawo zokuzalela lokhu.
Abakhiqizi ababili badinga amalitha amanzi angama-200. Amanzi kufanele afudumele - ama-26-28 degrees. Phakathi nenkathi enjalo, esikhundleni samatshe amatshe, kungcono ukugcwalisa inhlabathi bese ususa zonke izitshalo. Ngobusuku bokuzala, kunconywa ukondla izinhlanzi ngokuqinile. Ochwepheshe bama-aquarist bazala ama-piranhas besebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile we-hormonal. Ezimweni zasekhaya, ama-piranha angaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10.
