Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo unogwaja
Lesi silwane esincelisayo esivela ohlotsheni lwehares siyaphawuleka, okokuqala, ngosayizi waso omkhulu: ubude bomzimba obungaphezu kwesigamu semitha, kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela kuma-70 cm, nobukhulu bokuthi: hares kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-5 kg, futhi kube ngu-7 kg.
Umvundla isatshalaliswa kuwo wonke amazwekazi, futhi ngenxa yesibalo sayo esikhulu, ifundwe kahle ososayensi nezazi zemvelo, futhi ukubukeka nemikhuba yayo kwaziwa kahle yibo bonke abathandi bemvelo. Ukubukeka kukanogwaja kuyinto ebonakalayo, futhi akunzima ukuyihlukanisa nezizukulwane - abamele i-oda leLagomorphs.
Amehlo esilwane anombala wokuqala onsundu ngokubomvu. Umthethosisekelo wesilwane untekenteke, futhi izindlebe, izitho nomsila obude obude obubonakalayo (kumnyama phezulu nokumise okwekhanda) kubalulekile umehluko hare kusuka unogwaja omhlophe.
Umbala wesilwane uyaheha ngokuhlukahluka kwawo, ngoba izilwane ziyancibilika futhi zishintshe imibala yazo kabili ngonyaka. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona ku- isithombe sikanogwaja, ehlobo ijazi layo elisasilika nelicwebezelayo lihlukaniswa ngemibala ensundu, ensundu, yomnqumo, e-ocher-grey nebomvu.
FUTHI unogwaja wasebusika mhlophe ngokuphawulekayo. Kodwa-ke, ayikaze ibe mhlophe njengeqhwa, ebonakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezimnyama zoboya ngaphambili kwangemuva, kanye nombala woboya obusezindlebeni nasekhanda likanogwaja.
Le mininingwane yokubukeka ingesinye sezibonakaliso eziningi umvundla angahlukaniswa ngazo lapho ehlangana, ngokwesibonelo, ungunogwaja omhlophe esikanye naye, okuthi ebusika abe nombala omhlophe qwa, ngaphandle kwamathiphu ezindlebe aphenduka abe mnyama endaweni eneqhwa, ngenxa yokuthi unogwaja ungumvundla omhlophe iba engabonakali ngokuphelele phakathi nendawo yasebusika.
Esithombeni, unogwaja ebusika
Kukhona ama-hares aseYurophu nase-Asia, nase-Australia naseNingizimu Melika. Badlula ngempumelelo ukujwayela futhi bagxila kwezinye izindawo zaseNyakatho Melika naseNew Zealand, lapho babelethwe khona ngokuzalanisa ngokukhethekile.
ERussia, izilwane zisatshalaliswa kuyo yonke ingxenye yaseYurophu, kuze kufike ezintabeni zase-Ural, futhi zitholakala nasendaweni yase-Asia: kusuka eSiberia kuya emaphethelweni aseMpumalanga Ekude. Bahlala emahlathini asemaqeleni nasezintabeni, futhi bahlala ezindaweni ezinezintaba nezindawo ezinamahlathi aminyene.
Yize ngaphezu kwakho konke bakhetha izikhala ezivulekile, okuyisici uphawu lukanogwaja... Kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke, lezi zilwane zithanda ukuhlala ezweni lezolimo elinemali ecebile yezitshalo zokusanhlamvu.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila kukanogwaja
Ukuzibophezela, uma sekukhethiwe, endaweni yokuhlala kuyinto eyejwayelekile Umvundla, futhi incazelo indlela yokuphila yalezi zilwane kufanele iqale ngokuphawula ukuthi lezi zilwane azijwayele ukufuduka nohambo olude.
Ukuhlala ezindaweni ezincane (ezingekho ngaphezu kwamahektha angama-50), bahlala kuzo isikhathi eside. Mhlawumbe kuphela labo abahlala ezintabeni abehlela ezinyaweni zabo ebusika, kuthi lapho iqhwa lincibilika, baphinde bavuke.
Ushintsho olukhulu kuphela ezimweni zezulu, izinhlekelele zemvelo nezinye izimo eziphuthumayo ezingabaphoqa ukuba bashiye indawo yabo ejwayelekile. Izilwane zithanda impilo yasebusuku kunasemini.
Futhi ngesikhathi sasemini, izilwane zicasha emigodini yazo, evame ukubekwa eduze kwezihlahla nezihlahla. Kwesinye isikhathi izilwane nazo zihlala ezindlini ezilahliwe zezinye izilwane: izimbila, izimbila nezimpungushe.
Njengabo bonke abamele uhlobo lwehares, hares molt kusuka ekhanda kuye emilenzeni kabili ngonyaka. Intwasahlobo nokuwa kwe-molt, okuhlala izinsuku ezingama-75 kuya kwezingama-80, kuguquka ngokuphelele uhlobo lonogwaja, esiza izilwane ukuthi zihlangane nemvelo ezungezile, kuya ngamathafa azungezile ezinkathi ezahlukahlukene, futhi zingabonakali kakhulu ezitheni zazo, okuvela kuzo imilenze emide kuphela esindisa hares.
Ikhono lokugijima kakhulu kungenye inzuzo yalezi zilwane. Futhi okuphezulu isivinini sonogwaja, angakhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu enhlabathini enhle futhi eqinile, ifinyelela ku-70-80 km / h. Kuhlobo lwe-hares, lolu uhlobo lwerekhodi.
Ngejubane lemilenze, unogwaja udlula kakhulu umfowabo, unogwaja omhlophe, uhamba ngokukhulu ukushesha kunaye futhi ugxume kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, unogwaja akajwayeleki kakhulu esimweni sezulu esingesihle, futhi inani labo livame ukuncishiswa kakhulu ebusika obunzima.
Umvundla, njengoba nonogwaja, Sekuyisikhathi eside kuyinto eyintandokazi ekuzingeleni ezentengiselwano nezemidlalo. Futhi eziningi zalezi zilwane zibulawa minyaka yonke ngenxa yenyama yazo emnandi nezikhumba ezifudumele.
Ukudla
AmaRusak yisilwane esijwayelekile esidla utshani, esidla ngokulangazela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokusanhlamvu, i-buckwheat, ubhekilanga, i-chicory, i-alfalfa, i-clover, i-colza nama-dandelions. Ebusuku, ifuna ukudla, ifuna ukugcwalisa isisu sayo, unogwaja uhamba amakhilomitha amaningi, ngenkathi uvivinya imilenze yayo emide ukuthola amandla.
Zizinze emhlabeni wezolimo, lezi zilwane zingalimaza kakhulu isivuno sezingadi zemifino, izingadi zezithelo nezitshalo zasebusika, ngokudla zidla okusanhlamvu okukhuliswe ngabantu namakhabe, imifino nezithelo. Umakhelwane bamahares ungaba mnandi kakhulu empucukweni yabantu kangangokuba kuvame ukuba yinhlekelele yangempela.
Futhi kwamanye amazwe, ngokwesibonelo, e-Australia, amahare amenyezelwa ukuthi ayinkathazo enkulu. Ebusika, ngokungabikho kokudla okwanele, unogwaja uyenelisa ukuququda amagxolo, okuvame ukuholela esimweni esiyinhlekelele hhayi izihlahlana kuphela, kepha nezihlahla ezinkulu.
Lezi zilwane zikhetha ukuzitika ngomshanelo, i-hazel, i-oki noma i-maple, kuyilapho ama-hares amhlophe evame ukukhetha i-aspen noma i-willow ekudleni kwabo (futhi lokhu kungomunye umehluko phakathi kwalaba bameleli abakhaliphile bohlobo lwe-hares).
Ephula iqhwa ngezidladla zabo, izingulube zimba ngokucophelela ukudla kwezitshalo nezinhlamvu zezihlahla ngaphansi kwaso. Futhi izithelo zemizamo yabo zivame ukusetshenziswa ngezinye izilwane, ngokwesibonelo, ama-partridges, angakwazi ukusula iqhwa ngokwawo.
Ngentwasahlobo, ama-hares ansundu adla amahlumela amancane ezitshalo, amaqabunga awo neziqu, okulimaza izimpande zezihlahla nezihlahla ezisanda kuqala ukukhula, kanti ehlobo badla imbewu yabo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila sikanogwaja
Izindlwana zaseYurophu zivundile impela, kepha inani lenzalo lincike kakhulu esikhathini sonyaka, iminyaka kanogwaja oletha inzalo, nesimo sezulu sendawo lapho lezi zilwane zihlala khona.
ENtshonalanga Yurophu, ngokwesilinganiso, izinsalela zezinsikazi zikhuphula amazinyane afinyelela kwabahlanu ngonyaka. Udoti owodwa ungaqukatha onogwaja abayi-1 kuye kwabayi-9. Futhi inkathi yokuzalanisa, eqala ngokufika kwentwasahlobo, iphela ngoSepthemba.
Ngenkathi isendaweni eshisayo, iqala ngokoqobo ngoJanuwari futhi iqhubeke kuze kube sekwindla. Okukhulu kakhulu kunamahares aphakathi nendawo.
Ukuzala kuzala amasonto ayi-6-7. Ngaphambi kokubeletha onogwaja, abesifazane bahlomisa izidleke zotshani ezingenasizotha noma bambe izimbobo ezincane emhlabathini.
Onogwaja abasanda kuzalwa banesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-100 amagremu, umzimba wabo umbozwe ngoboya obuntofontofo, futhi ngamehlo avuleke kakhulu sebelungele ukubheka umhlaba obazungezile.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala zondla ngobisi lukamama, kepha emva kwezinsuku eziyishumi ziyakwazi ukwenza ngokwazo ukuzama ukuncela ukudla okwenziwe ngamakhambi, nsuku zonke ngokuya zijwayela lolu hlobo lokudla.
Futhi lapho sebenenyanga eyodwa, bakulungele ukuphuma baye ezweni elikhulu nelingajwayelekile ukuze baqale impilo yabantu abadala ezimele. Iminyaka yama-hares ihlala isikhathi esifushane, futhi imvamisa endle kuyaqabukela bephila ngaphezu kweminyaka eyisikhombisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane eziningi zifa zisencane.
Kodwa-ke, zizala ngokushesha okukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke, yize zingezilwane ezixotshiwe, inani likanogwaja namuhla alisongelwa.
