Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo iTernek
Ama-tenrecs abizwa nangokuthi ama-bristly hedgehogs. Isizathu salokhu ukufana kwangaphandle phakathi kwalezi zilwane ezincelisayo, phambilini okwakukhonjwa emndenini ofanayo we-hedgehog. Kepha ngokususelwa ocwaningweni lwesimanje lofuzo, tenrecs namuhla kuyisiko ukulihlukanisa njengeqembu elizimele lama-Afrosoricides.
Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi okhokho balezi zilwane, ngisho nangesikhathi seCretaceous, babehlala bodwa esiqhingini saseMadagascar, futhi kusukela ngalezo zikhathi zasendulo baguquka kancane kancane baba izinhlobo zokuphila ezinobuntu obukhethekile.
Ama-tenrecs akudala ngesakhiwo futhi ahlukahlukene ngokubukeka, ahlukaniswe izizukulwane eziyi-12 nezinhlobo ezingama-30. Phakathi kwabo kukhona semi-zasemanzini, burrowing, arboreal, okuyinto e physiology yabo cishe zifana okhokho bezinkawu, futhi komhlaba.
Esithombeni, i-hedgehog tenrec enemigqa emide
Ngokubukeka nosayizi, amanye tenrecs akufani nama-hedgehogs kuphela, kepha futhi ne-shrews kanye nezimvukuzane. Ezinye zifana ngokungafani nama-possum nama-otter aseMelika. Ezinye zazo, isibonelo, ama-tenrecs amthende, ngokubukeka okungajwayelekile, ziyinto efana ne-hybrid ye-otter, shrew kanye ne-hedgehog, ependwe ngemibala ehlukene.
Umugqa ophuzi ugudla emakhaleni alezi zilwane, futhi umzimba umbozwe ngenhlanganisela yezinaliti, imiqolo kanye noboya, okugcwalisa ikakhulukazi ukubukeka kwabo okukhazimulayo, okwenza ukubukeka kube yinto eyingqayizivele. Izidladla zezilwane ezinjalo zinamazipho abukhali.
Ubude bomzimba bama-hedgehogs anezinwele ezisukela kokuncane kakhulu (4 cm) kuya kokuhloniphekile (cishe ama-60 cm), okuphinda kukhulume ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zalezi zidalwa ezibabazayo. Njengoba kubonakala ku isithombe ama-tenrecs, ikhanda lalo liyindilinga, ugebhezi luncane futhi lude, isifonyo sinomboko osusekayo. Umzimba wonke umbozwe izinaliti noma uboya obuqinile bezinwele, kwezinye izinhlobo - uboya obujwayelekile.
Esithombeni, i-tenrec ejwayelekile
Umsila ungaba ngu-1 kuye ku-22 cm ubude, kanti imilenze yangaphambili ivamise ukuba mfushane kunemilenze yangemuva. Lezi zilwane yizakhamizi zokuqala zesiqhingi saseMadagascar. I-tenrec ejwayelekile - ummeleli omkhulu waleli qembu, ofinyelela isisindo samakhilogremu futhi obonakala ngokungabikho komsila, naye walethwa eMascarenskie.
ISeychelles neComoros. Yize kungavamile, izinhlobo ezifanayo zezilwane ziyatholakala naseMpumalanga nase-Afrika Ephakathi. Ama-tenrecs akhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, amahlathi, ama-steppes namahlathi aswakeme.
Isici esithakazelisayo se-physiology yalezi zilwane ukuthembela kokushisa komzimba ezimweni zezulu kanye nesimo semvelo. I-metabolism yalezi zidalwa zasendulo iphansi kakhulu. Abanaso i-scrotum, kepha i-cloaca ingena esakhiweni somzimba wabo. Futhi ezinye izinhlobo zinamathe anoshevu.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yeTernek
Ama-tenrecs anamahloni, izidalwa ezesabekayo nezihamba kancane. Zikhetha ubumnyama futhi zisebenze kuphela kusihlwa nasebusuku. Emini, zicasha ezikhoselweni zazo, lezi zilwane ezizitholela zona ngaphansi kwamatshe, emigodini yezihlahla ezomisiwe nasemigodini.
I-tenrec ejwayelekile ilala phakathi nenkathi eyomile, ehlala ezindaweni zayo kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba. Abantu bomdabu baseMadagascar ngokwesiko badla izinhlobo eziningi ezinkulu ama-hedgehogs anama-bristly, tenrecs ezejwayelekile kufaka. Futhi izitsha ezenziwe ngalezi zilwane zithandwa kakhulu.
Kangangokuthi abanye abagcini bezindawo zokudlela bagcina befihla ama-tenrecs emabhokisini, bewasebenzisela ukulungisa izibiliboco lapho kudingeka. Izitsha ezenziwe ngemisipha ehlafunwayo yama-hedgehogs adume ngokukhethekile zidume kakhulu. Izitha zokufa zama-tenrec ezinemigqa zivame ukumela izilo zesiqhingi saseMadagascar njengama-mongoose namafossas - abathandi abakhulu bokudla inyama yezilwane.
Ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, lolu hlobo lwe-bristly hedgehogs lisebenzisa isikhali salo semvelo - izinaliti ezisekhanda nasezinhlangothini zezidalwa, ezidubula ngazo ezinyaweni nasekhaleni lesitha, phambilini esesithathe ukuma okukhethekile nokwenza imisipha ebukhali.
Izinaliti nazo zisetshenziswa yilezi zilwane zokuqala ukudlulisa imininingwane ebalulekile komunye nomunye. Izinsimbi ezikhethekile ezinjalo ziyakwazi ukukhipha umsindo owehlukile wamathoni athile lapho zikhuhla, futhi izimpawu zitholwa kalula futhi zivulwe yizihlobo.
Ukuxhumana, amaTerneks asebenzisa nokuqhakaza kwezilimi. Le misindo, engaziwa ngendlebe yomuntu, inika amandla ama-bristly hedgehogs ukuthola ulwazi ngomhlaba obazungezile, belusebenzisa ukuphepha kwabo nokunyakaza kwabo ebumnyameni.
Ama-tenrec anemishwe, ngokungafani nezinye izihlobo zawo, yizilwane zomphakathi, ezihlangana ngamaqembu. Isigejane sabantu ababhikishile bahlala njengomndeni owodwa, emgodini ohlonyiswe nabo, ovame ukumba eduze komthombo ofanele womswakama.
Ziyizidalwa ezihlanzekile futhi eziqaphele kakhulu. Bavala umnyango wokuhlala kwabo ngamaqabunga, futhi ngezidingo zemvelo baya kuphela ezindaweni ezikhethiwe ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala yomphakathi.
Ezikhathini ezibandayo, eziza ngoMeyi, ama-tenrecs amthende asebusika, kodwa kuphela ebusika obunzima, futhi aqhubeke nokusebenza isikhathi sonke, kepha anciphise izinga lokushisa lomzimba liye ezingeni elifanele, elibasiza ukuthi bonge amandla. Bakulesi simo kuze kube ngu-Okthoba.
Ukudla okunomsoco weTernek
Izinhlobo eziningi zama-hedgehogs ezinama-bristly zidla ukudla kwezitshalo, ikakhulukazi izithelo zezihlahla nezihlahlana. Kepha kukhona okuhlukile kulo mthetho. Isibonelo, i-tenrec ejwayelekile iyisilwane esidla ezinye, isebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi zama-invertebrates njengokudla, kanye nezidalwa eziphilayo ezincane ezinjengezinambuzane nama-vertebrate amancane.
Zifuna ukudla, lezi zidalwa, njengezingulube, zimba ngezinhlamba zazo emhlabathini namaqabunga awile. Ezinkulisa nasemapoo, lezi zilwane ezingavamile zivame ukondliwa ngezithelo, isibonelo, ubhanana, kanye nezinhlamvu ezibilisiwe nenyama eluhlaza.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo ye-ternek
Isikhathi sokukhwelana sama-hedgehogs anama-bristly senzeka kanye ngonyaka, kanti insikazi yondla inzalo yayo ngobisi lwayo, izingane eziluthola emibeleni engama-29 yesilwane. Le yinombolo yerekhodi lezilwane ezincelisayo.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, njengama-tenrecs amthende, ukukhwelana kwenzeka entwasahlobo. Ukufuywa kukadoti kuhlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili, kuthi ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi kuvele amawundlu. Kunezinhlobo zama-hedgehogs ezinama-bristly ezingadumile ngokuzala kwazo okuthile, kanti ezinye, ngokuphambene nalokho, zikhulisa izingane ezingama-25 ngasikhathi sinye.
Futhi i-tenrec ejwayelekile, ehlukaniswa ikakhulukazi ngamarekhodi akule ndaba, ingaba nokuningi (kufika kuma-cubs angama-32). Kepha akubona bonke abasinda emvelweni. Insikazi, lapho izingane zikhula, zibandakanyeka ekukhuliseni kwazo, okuziholela ekufuneni okuzimele kokudla.
Ngasikhathi sinye, izingane ziklelama ngezinsika bese zilandela unina. Ukungena emzabalazweni onzima wokuphila, iningi lezingane liyafa, futhi kulo lonke leli zinyane, akusekho okungaphezu kwe-15. Indlela yokuzivikela enhle kakhulu enikezwa izingane ngokwemvelo yizinaliti ezikhula kuzo ngokushesha nje emva kokuzalwa.
Ngezikhathi zobungozi, lapho besaba, bayakwazi ukukhipha imizwa ekhethekile ebanjwa ngumama, emnikeza ithuba lokuthola nokuvikela inzalo yakhe. Ama-tenrec anemigqa aletha udoti owodwa kusuka kumawundlu ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili, akhula futhi akhule ngokushesha.
Futhi ngemuva kwamasonto amahlanu bona ngokwabo bayakwazi ukuba nenzalo. Iminyaka ye-bristly hedgehog imfushane, futhi isikhathi sabo sokuphila ngokuvamile sisuka ku-4 kuye ku-5, kuze kufike eminyakeni eyishumi. Kodwa-ke, ekuthunjweni, ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle, bayakwazi ukwelula isikhathi eside kakhulu: kuze kube idazini elilodwa nengxenye.
