Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Umkhomo i-humpback inendlela yokubhukuda, ngenkathi igoqa umhlane wayo nokuma komphetho wokugcoba, okufana ne-hump, ebizwa ngegama layo. Lesi silwane esincelisayo sasemanzini sikhulu impela.
Umkhomo we-humpback ulinganisa malini? Isisindo sayo singamathani angama-30-35, kukhona nemidondoshiya enesisindo esifinyelela kumathani angama-48. Ubude besilwane esidala buvela kumamitha ayi-13 kuye kwayi-15. Umkhomo omkhulu kakhulu we-humpback ungafinyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-18 noma ngaphezulu.
Umbala nombala kungahlukahluka kakhulu, emuva nezinhlangothi kumnyama, isisu singaba mnyama futhi sibe mhlophe, kwesinye isikhathi i-motley enamabala. Kumuntu ngamunye, imibala iyodwa, ingeyokuqala futhi iyathakazelisa.
Kuvela emvelweni Umkhomo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka... Kukhona, iqiniso liyivelakancane ngokweqile, futhi umkhomo we-albino humpback... Ngenxa yemibala ehlukahlukene kangaka, abantu babonakala ngombala wengxenye engezansi yomsila.
Umkhomo we-humpback esithombeni Ihlukile kuzalwa kwayo ngokuma kwamaphiko, kanye nomzimba ominyene, oqinile futhi ofushanisiwe, ubanzi ngaphambili, ucindezelwe futhi uzacile kusuka ezinhlangothini, nesisu esilengele.
Inhloko inkulu ngosayizi futhi ihlala ikota yesidumbu esiphelele, ingxenye yayo yangaphambili incishisiwe, umhlathi mkhulu futhi uphumela phambili. Kunemifantu ye-longitudinal emphinjeni nasesiswini, ukukhula kwesikhumba kugqame engxenyeni engaphambili nasemaphikweni e-pectoral. Isilwane sinomsila omkhulu, siyakwazi ukukhipha umthombo wamamitha amathathu ngesimo sohlamvu V.
Ama-backbacks angatholakala ezindaweni ezisolwandle cishe kuyo yonke insimu ngaphandle kwasenyakatho ye-Arctic enyakatho ne-Antarctic eningizimu, kepha inani labo labantu liyivelakancane kakhulu. Bazinza kakhulu emanzini aseNingizimu Nenkabazwe, lapho bahlala khona njengemihlambi. Ezinyangeni zasebusika zifudukela ngasenyakatho, okuvame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo neziphezulu.
Futhi ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, ukunqoba amabanga amakhulu, kukalwa ngezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha, bafinyelela emanzini asolwandle abandayo aseningizimu. IGorbach ingaphansi kokuvikelwa komthetho emhlabeni wonke futhi ibhaliwe, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, eRed Book. Inani labantu lale mikhomo eSeningizimu Nenkabazwe alikho ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-20.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ngaphakathi komhlambi, imikhomo i-humpback ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amancane abantu abaningana. Ama-humpbacks wesilisa avame ukuhlala yedwa, futhi omama bayabhukuda namazinyane abo. Umkhomo we-humpback uthanda impilo emanzini asogwini esiqeshini esingeqi ibanga lamakhilomitha ayikhulu.
Olwandle oluvulekile, abamele lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle bangatholakala ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokufuduka. Ijubane labo lokubhukuda lisuka ku-10 kuye ku-30 km / h. Isilwane asikwazi ukuhlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle komoya, ngakho-ke sijula ngokujula okukhulu kuphela lapho sondla, kepha asikho ngaphezu kwekota yehora futhi asijuli ngaphansi kwamamitha angama-300.
Imvamisa i-humpback ayihlaseli abantu yodwa, kepha ukuba seqenjini kwesinye isikhathi kuthanda ukuba nolaka. Kunezimo ezaziwayo zokuhlaselwa yilezi zinhlobo zemikhomo ezikebheni nasezikebheni. Kepha abantu bayingozi nakulezi zilwane, ngoba abazingeli abangekho emthethweni bebelokhu beqothula abamele lolu hlobo eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili edlule, beyengwa ngamafutha emikhomo nezinye izingxenye zomzimba wabo ezibalulekile. Ngaphezu kwabantu, umkhoma obulalayo ubuye abe yingozi ku-humpback.
IGorbach iyakwazi ukuphuma emanzini iye endaweni ephakeme ngokwanele. Ngasikhathi sinye, uthanda ukwenza izinombolo ze-acrobatic, ezitika ebusweni bamanzi, okwenza kube nzima ukudilika nokugibela. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu akuwona neze umdlalo, kodwa indlela yokuqeda izinambuzane ezincane ezinamathela ebusweni besikhumba sakhe.
Kwesinye isikhathi imikhomo ye-humpback igxumela emanzini ngokuphelele
Ukudla
Ukuzingelwa kweqembu lemikhomo ebizwa ngokuthi i-humpback whale kanye nekhono lazo lokuqondisa izenzo zazo kuyizibonelo eziphambili zokuxhumana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle. Ndawonye, bashaya amanzi angene egwebu elinamandla kangangokuba izikole zezinhlanzi azikwazi ukungena kuwo. Futhi ngale ndlela, imihlambi yama-sardine ivame ukusetshenziswa ngokuphelele.
Imikhomo yama-humpback ithola ukudla kwayo ikakhulukazi emanzini asogwini, futhi lapho ihambela kude nogu izondla ngama-crustaceans amancane. Badla ama-plankton, ama-cephalopods nama-crustaceans. Abantu basenyakatho banezinhlanzi njengokudla kwabo okuyinhloko. Lawa ngama-sardine, ama-mackerel, i-herring nama-anchovies. Imikhomo ivame ukuzingela yodwa. Kulokhu, ngenkathi bedla, bavele bavule imilomo yabo bagwinye yonke into, bahlunge isihlungi.
Inhlanzi yokuzingela i-humpback
Le yidivayisi ethakazelisa kakhulu: emlonyeni we-humpback kunethambo lomkhomo omnyama elenga kulwanga olungaphezulu futhi liqukethe amapuleti amakhulu wamamitha amade anemiphetho emaphethelweni. Igwinya i-plankton, i-humpback idudulela amanzi ngaphandle ngolimi, ishiye inyamazane yayo emlonyeni wayo bese iyithumela esiswini sayo ngolimi lwayo.
Kwesinye isikhathi imikhomo izingela ngokubhukuda izungeze isikole sezinhlanzi futhi iyamangaza ngokushaya umsila wayo. Noma, ngokuntywila ngaphansi komhlambi kusuka ngezansi, bakhipha amabhamuza omoya, ngakho-ke bayazifihla futhi baphazamise izisulu zabo, bese bekhuphukela phezulu bagwinye izinhlanzi.
Ngesikhathi sokufuduka nasebusika, zingaphila ngaphandle kokudla, zisebenzisa izinqolobane eziningi zamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ngasikhathi sinye, bancipha isisindo esifinyelela kwengxenye yesithathu yobukhulu babo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngenkathi yokukhwelana, abagibeli bamahhashi abane-humpback baheha ophathina babo ngohlobo oluthile lokucula. Ingoma yomkhomo we-humpback kwesinye isikhathi izwakala imizuzu noma amahora, kepha kuyenzeka ukuthi ithathe izinsuku eziningi, futhi ingenziwa ngengoma eyodwa nangamakhwaya. Ihubo luchungechunge Umkhomo we-humpback ngobumsulwa obuthile.
Lalela izwi lomkhoma okuthiwa i-humpback whale
Izinsikazi ezingama-Humpback zinkulu kunezeduna, futhi zizala amawundlu cishe kanye kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili. Isikhathi sokumitha nokuzalanisa siqala ezinyangeni zasebusika (eSouthern Hemisphere, lesi sikhathi siwela ngoJuni-Agasti) ngesikhathi sokufudukela enyakatho emanzini afudumele.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, ama-humpbacks wesilisa aba nesifiso esikhulu futhi ajabule ngokweqile. Bahlangana ngamaqembu afinyelela kwayishumi nambili, abesifazane abazungezile, bancintisana namandla futhi bavame ukukhombisa ulaka.
Ukukhulelwa nakho kungenzeka entwasahlobo kuze kube nguNovemba. Kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-11. Umama we-humpback uyakwazi ukunikela ngokuphila ngesikhathi esisodwa enganeni eyodwa kuphela, evame ukuba nesisindo esingangethani futhi ibe ngamamitha amane ubude.
Unceliswa ubisi lukamama izinyanga eziyishumi, ngenkathi ethola kakhulu ukuphakama nesisindo. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokondla, izingane zishiya omama bazo ziqale impilo ezimele, futhi omama bazo bakhulelwe futhi. Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kuma-humpbacks kwenzeka eneminyaka emihlanu.
Ekujuleni okuhle, okumangazayo nokwesabekayo kolwandle, kunezilwane eziningi ezingabamba umcabango. Phakathi kwazo kukhona imikhomo, ebhekwa ngokufanele njengesinye sezibindi ezinde kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Imikhomo ebizwa ngokuthi i-humpback bukhoma inani lama-4-5 amashumi eminyaka.
