Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Umndeni we-redstart uhlanganisa izinhlobo zezinyoni eziyi-13, ikakhulukazi ezihlala eChina, emagqumeni e-Himalaya, e-European Plain, ikakhulukazi esifundeni esiphakathi saseSiberia, engxenyeni encane yase-Asia.
I-Redstart iyinhlobo yezinyoni ezikhetha izindawo zokuhlala emijondolo yasehlathini noma ezifundeni zezintaba. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuqala kabusha okuvamile, igama lesibili lapho impandla ingummeleli ojwayelekile webanga laseYurophu. Futhi amahlathi aseSiberia afinyelela ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ezihlala abantu abomvu owaseSiberia.
I-Redstart, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ingadi noma ukuqala kabusha coot - i-birdie evela emndenini we-flycatcher, i-passerine oda. Ubizwa ngokuthi enye yezinyoni ezinhle kakhulu ezihlala emapaki ethu, ezingadini, ezigcawini.
Isisindo somzimba senyoni encane asidluli ku-20 g, ubude bomzimba ngaphandle komsila ngu-15 cm, amaphiko afinyelela kuma-25 cm lapho enwetshiwe ngokuphelele.Isici esihlukile se-redstart ngumsila waso omuhle, okuthi, ngaphandle kwehaba lokuqhathanisa, ubonakale "ushile" elangeni.
Esithombeni, i-redstart ipholile
Kunzima ukungabuboni ubuhle obunjalo noma ukude, futhi lokhu, yize ubukhulu benyoni bungadluli kunondlunkulu. Ukundiza kusuka egatsheni kuya kwelinye, i-redstart ivame ukuvula umsila wayo, kuthi emisebeni yelanga ibonakale ivutha ilangabi elikhanyayo.
Njengezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni, owesilisa uhlukaniswa ngombala ojulile kakhulu wezimpaphe. Izimpaphe zomsila zibomvu okomlilo ezinamazwibela amnyama.
Insikazi ipendwe ngamathoni athulisiwe ombala womnqumo ngokuhlanganiswa kwempunga, kanti ingxenye engezansi nomsila kubomvu. Kuliqiniso, akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-redstart ezinamachashaza amnyama emsileni wazo. Lesi yisibonakaliso esehlukile ukuqala kabusha okumnyama futhi umuntu wakithi - waseSiberia.
Esithombeni kukhona i-redstart emnyama
Ngendlela, odokotela bezinyoni babiza inhlobo enkulu kunazo zonke kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezichaziwe ze-redstart i-red-bellied redstart... Owesilisa, njengenjwayelo, unemibala egqamile kunowesifazane.
Umqhele wayo nomphetho wangaphandle wephiko umhlophe, emuva, ohlangothini lomzimba, intamo imnyama, futhi umsila, i-sternum, isisu nengxenye yempaphe etholakala ngenhla komsila kudwetshwe ngamathoni abomvu ngenhlanganisela yokugqwala. Kulezi zinhlobo zokuqala kabusha, ungabona ngokucacile uhla oluphelele lwemibala yezimpaphe.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Yize inyoni yaseSiberia ingumuntu ojwayelekile wamahlathi e-taiga, igwema amahlathi aminyene angenakuwela. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, lolu hlobo lutholakala emaphethelweni ehlathi, emapaki nasezingadini ezishiyiwe, ekuhlanzweni, lapho kuneziqu eziningi khona. Njengenjwayelo, le nyoni incamela ukuhlala emigodini yokufakelwa eduze nendawo yokuhlala abantu.
Esithombeni i-redstart yaseSiberia
Ukucula ukuqala kabusha lifanelwe impendulo eningi enhle. Ama-trill akhe ayingoma yomculo ophakathi nendawo, ongazelele, ohluke kakhulu, ocula. Umsindo uqala nge-khil-khil ephezulu - i "bese ungena ku-khil-chir-chir-chir".
Lalela ukuculwa kwe-redstart
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uma kuculwa i-redstart, ungabamba izingoma zezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni. Isibonelo, indlebe esezingeni eliphezulu izokwazi ukuzwa imisindo yomculo we-melodic we-starling, i-robin, kanti abanye bazobona ukuthi lomculo uhambisana nokuculwa kwe-titmouse, chaffinch, ne-pied flycher.
AmaRedstarts athanda ukucula njalo futhi nasebusuku i-taiga igcwele izingoma ezithulile zalezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo zemvelo. Okuthe xaxa ngezingoma ze-redstart: ama-ornithologists aqaphele ukuthi ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokukhwelana, owesilisa ukhipha i-roulade emfushane ngemuva kokuphela kwekhonsathi enkulu, engabizwa ngokuthi i-chorus.
Ngakho-ke, leli chorus liwukulandelana kwemisindo okuyingqayizivele, eligcwele amaphimbo ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinyoni, futhi okudala umculi, icula ngokomzwelo kakhulu nokusebenza kwakhe okunekhono.
Ukudla okunomsoco kabusha
Ukudla kwe-redstart kuncike kakhulu endaweni ehlala kuyo. Idla kakhulu izinambuzane. Akazideleli zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane, azicoshe phansi, azisuse emagatsheni, afune ngaphansi kwamahlamvu awile.
Ngokuqala kwekwindla, ukudla kwe-redstart kuyagcwala kakhulu, futhi bangakwazi ukudla amajikijolo ehlathi noma engadini, njenge-rowan, i-viburnum, i-currant, i-elderberry, i-chokeberry emnyama nezinye.
Lapho ukudla sekuphelile, okuvame ukwenzeka maphakathi nekwindla, ama-redstarts abuthana ebusika ezindaweni ezifudumele, ikakhulukazi emazweni ase-Afrika ashisayo. Lezi zinhlobo zezinyoni zindiza ebusuku.
Ama-Redstarts abuyela ezindaweni zawo zomdabu ngisho nangaphambi kokuba amahlumela avuleke. Ngokushesha nje lapho izinyoni zifika ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke, owesilisa ngokushesha uqala ukubheka indawo yokwakha isidleke. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izinyoni zihlela izidleke emigodini yohlobo lwemvelo noma lokuzenzela.
Umgodi wabagawuli bezinkuni uyindawo efaneleke kakhulu yokwakha izidleke, kodwa isiphunzi, esinendawo eminyene eseduze nomhlabathi, sikufanele lokhu. Izinyoni azesabi ukuhlala eduze komuntu, ngakho izidleke zazo zingatholakala ophahleni, ngemuva kwamafasitela amafasitela nakwezinye izindawo ezifihlekile ezakhiweni lapho kuhlala khona abantu.
Ngaphambi kokufika kwesifazane, owesilisa uyayigcina ngokwanele indawo ayitholile futhi axoshe izivakashi ezingamenyiwe ezinamaphiko kuye.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isiko elithandeka kakhulu lenziwa ngama-redstarts ngesikhathi sokuqomisana. Owesilisa nowesifazane bahlala bendawonye egatsheni, kuyilapho isoka elinezimpaphe lizelula ngendlela engajwayelekile kuye ngokuqonde kulowo okhethiwe, ngalesi sikhathi welula kakhulu amaphiko akhe abheke phezulu futhi enze umsindo ongacacile ofana nokugigitheka.
Uma insikazi imbuyisela kuye, zindiza zisuka egatsheni ngasikhathi sinye futhi zindiza, ngokuba ngabantu abashadile. Kepha uma owesifazane, ngokwesibonelo, engagculiseki ngendawo ekhethiwe yesidleke, ushiya uRomeo othandweni ngaphandle kokungabaza okungadingekile.
Kuboniswe isidleke sokuqala kabusha emgodini
Owesifazane uqobo uzakhela isidleke futhi lokhu kuthatha isonto. Sonke lesi sikhathi, i-redstart iqeqesha umuntu osebenza ngesandla, noma kunalokho, okokudla edlelweni. Okokusebenza kungaba ubulembu, uboya nezinwele zezilwane ezifuywayo nezasendle, izicucu zentambo, izintambo, i-tow, ezifakwe ekhaya nezinye izingubo zokuthwala ezingatholakala eduze.
I-clutch ye-redstart iqukethe amaqanda ayi-6, kaningi kunamaqanda ayi-7-8. Amaqanda aqala kabushaembozwe ngegobolondo eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha amasonto amabili.
Ezinsukwini zokuqala, insikazi iyazivumela ukuthi ishiye isidleke ukuze iziqabule, bese ibuyela endaweni, igoqe amaqanda ngokucophelela ukuze ukufudumeza kwenziwe ngokulinganayo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uma umama okhulelwe engekho isikhathi esingaphezu kwekota yehora, khona-ke ubaba onakekelayo uthatha indawo ku-clutch bese ehlala lapho kuze kubuye owesifazane.
Esithombeni intshontsho eliqala kabusha
Ukukhula okuncane kuvela ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ichwane elibomvu uzalwa eyimpumputhe futhi eyisithulu, okuyinto empeleni engekho, ngoba ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinyoni, amaphuphu azalwa ngale ndlela.
Bobabili abazali bondla inzalo. Kodwa-ke, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, insikazi ayiphumi ngaphandle kwesidleke ukuze amaphuphu angabi yiqhwa, nobaba wekhaya athole ukudla, bese ondla insikazi namachwane.
Imvamisa, owesilisa unamaqhuqhuva amaningana, kulokhu unakekela womabili umndeni owodwa nomunye, kepha ngezindlela ezihlukile. Indiza esidlekeni esisodwa kaningi, kanti omunye umndeni uyibona kancane.
Amaphuphu akhule futhi aqiniswa ngemuva kwengxenye yenyanga, engakwazi ukundiza, aqala ukuphuma kancane esidlekeni esifudumele. Kwesinye isonto, abazali bondla izingane zabo, okuthi ngaleso sikhathi zingayi kude nesidleke. Ngemuva kwesonto, amatshwele athola isibindi futhi enze indiza yawo yokuqala, ngemuva kwalokho aselungele ukuhlala yedwa.
Umbhangqwana oshadile, ukhiphe inzalo yokuqala, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, udlulela ku-clutch elandelayo futhi konke kuyaphinda. Isikhathi esiphakeme kakhulu sempilo esaziwayo sokuqala kabusha endle asivamile ukudlula iminyaka eyi-10; ekhaya, ngokunakekelwa okuhle, bangaphila kancane.
