I-Mustang iyinzalo yamahhashi aseSpain noma ase-Iberia alethwa eMelika ngabahloli bamazwe baseSpain ngekhulu le-16.
Igama livela egameni lesiSpanish elithi mustengo, elisho ukuthi "isilwane esishiyiwe" noma "ihhashi elilahlekile". Abantu abaningi basacabanga ukuthi amadevu angamahhashi asendle nje, kepha empeleni, i-mustang ingenye yezinhlobo zamahhashi ezinomlingiswa othanda inkululeko futhi onhlanhlathayo ongafuywa.
Ihhashi le-Mustang esithombeni ungabona ukuthi unhloboni yemibala lolu hlobo luni. Cishe uhhafu wawo wonke amahhashi asendle anombala onsundu ngokubomvu futhi anombala wothingo. Ezinye zimpunga, zimnyama, zimhlophe, mpunga ngokunsundu ngamabhuleki ahlukahlukene. Umbala owuthandayo wamaNdiya wawubonwa noma ufihliwe.
AmaNdiya, yebo, azama ukuvumelanisa ama-Mustangs nezinhloso zawo, ngakho-ke ayebandakanyeka ekuthuthukiseni uhlobo. Lawa mahhashi angaphansi kwesigaba sezilwane ezincelisayo, iqembu lama-equids amakhulu avela emndenini we-equine. Amahhashi angaba ngamamitha ayi-1.6 ukuphakama futhi anesisindo esingaba ngama-340 kilograms.
Izici ze-Mustang nendawo yokuhlala
Amahhashi asendle amahhashi yavela eNyakatho Melika cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezine edlule futhi yasakazekela e-Eurasia (mhlawumbe, iwela iBering Isthmus) isuka eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwezi-3 eyedlule.
Ngemuva kokuthi abaseSpain babuyise amahhashi eMelika, aboMdabu baseMelika baqala ukusebenzisa lezi zilwane ukuhambisa. Banamandla amakhulu nejubane. Futhi, imilenze yabo eyindilinga ayithambekele kakhulu ekulimaleni, okwenza kube lula ohambweni olude.
Ama-Mustangs yinzalo yemfuyo ebalekile, yashiywa, noma yadedelwa endle. Izinhlobo zabanduleli basendle ngempela yihhashi likaTarpan noPrzewalski. Ama-Mustang ahlala emadlelweni asentshonalanga ye-United States.
Iningi labantu baseMustang litholakala ezifundazweni ezisentshonalanga yeMontana, Idaho, Nevada, Wyoming, Utah, Oregon, California, Arizona, North Dakota naseNew Mexico. Abanye babo bahlala nasogwini lwe-Atlantic naseziqhingini ezinjengeSable neCumberland.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Njengomphumela wemvelo nokuziphatha kwabo, uhlobo lwehhashi le-mustang inemilenze eqinile namandla aphezulu amathambo kunamahhashi asekhaya.
Njengoba zingasendle futhi zingamahlumela, izinselo zazo kufanele zikwazi ukumelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zemvelo. Ama-Mustang ahlala emihlambini emikhulu. Umhlambi wakhiwe yiduna elilodwa, cishe abesifazane abayisishiyagalombili namazinyane abo.
Istallion silawula umhlambi waso ukuze kungabikho noyedwa wesifazane olwa nawo, ngoba uma kungenjalo, azoya kumphikisi. Uma endaweni yakhona ihhashi elincane lithola ubulongwe wenye inkunzi, iyahogela, ibone iphunga, bese ishiya ubulembu bayo phezulu ukumemezela ubukhona bayo.
Amahhashi athanda kakhulu ukugeza udaka, ukuthola udaka olunodaka, alala kuwo futhi ajike ngapha nangapha, lawo mabhati asiza ukuqeda ama-parasites.
Imihlambi ichitha isikhathi sayo esiningi idla otshanini. Ihhashi eliyinhloko emhlambini lidlala indawo yomholi; lapho umhlambi uhamba, uhamba phambili, inkunzi iya ngemuva, ivala udwendwe futhi ingavumeli izidlozi zisondele.
Isikhathi esinzima kakhulu samahhashi asendle ukusinda ebusika. Ngaphezu kwamazinga okushisa abandayo, ukushoda kokudla kuyinkinga. Ukuze angaqhwa, amahhashi ame enqwabeni futhi azotha ngokushisa kwemizimba.
Usuku nosuku, bamba iqhwa ngezinselo zabo, balidle ukuze badakwe futhi bafune utshani obomile. Ngenxa yokungondleki kahle nokubanda, isilwane singaba buthakathaka futhi sibe yizisulu ezilula zabahlaseli.
Amahhashi anezitha ezimbalwa: amabhere asendle, ama-lynx, ama-cougars, izimpisi nabantu. EWild West, abafana bezinkomo babamba ubuhle basendle ukuze bathambise futhi bathengise. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, baqala ukubabambela inyama, futhi inyama yamahhashi iyasetshenziswa nasekwakhiweni kokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo.
Ukudla kwe-Mustang
Kungumqondo ovamile oqondile wokuthi amahhashi e-mustang udle utshani noma i-oats kuphela. Amahhashi omnivorous, adla izitshalo nenyama. Ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko utshani.
Bangaphila isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla. Uma ukudla kutholakala kalula, amahhashi amadala adla amakhilogremu ama-5 kuye kwayi-6 wokudla kwezitshalo usuku ngalunye. Lapho izinqolobane zotshani ziyindlala, zidla kahle yonke into ekhulayo: amaqabunga, amahlathi aphansi, amahlumela amancane ngisho nokukhonkotha kwezihlahla. Amanzi adakwa emithonjeni, emifudlaneni noma emachibini kabili ngosuku, futhi afuna nosawoti ofakwa usawoti.
Ukukhiqizwa kanye nempilo ye-mustang
Ngaphambi kokukhwelana, imazi iheha iduna ngokuswayinda umsila wayo phambi kwayo. Inzalo yama-mustang ibizwa ngamathole. Ama-mares aphatha imbongolo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sezinyanga eziyi-11. Ama-Mustangs ngokuvamile azala amathole ngo-Ephreli, ngoMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni.
Lokhu kunikeza inkonyane ithuba lokukhula liqine ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezibandayo zonyaka. Izingane zondla ubisi lukanina unyaka wonke, ngaphambi kokuba kuvele elinye izinyane. Cishe ngokushesha nje emva kokubeletha, ama-mares angaphinde aphathane. Ama-stallion akhulile, imvamisa esesimweni somdlalo, alinganisa amandla awo, njengokungathi alungiselela izimpi ezibucayi kakhulu zama-mares.
Ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu, inani labo labantu lingaphindeka kabili ngobukhulu njalo eminyakeni emine. Namuhla, ukukhula kwala mahhashi kuyalawulwa futhi ukugcina ukulinganisela kwemvelo, babanjelwa inyama noma ukuthengiswa kabusha.
Kukholakala ukuthi kwezinye izindawo, amahhashi alimaza inhlabathi embozwe nge-turf futhi abangele ukulimala okungenakulungiseka ezimileni nasezilwaneni. Amahhashi e-Mustang Namuhla, kunempikiswano eshubile phakathi komnyango wezokongiwa kwabantu bomdabu lapho kuhlala khona amahhashi.
Abantu bendawo baphikisana nokuqothulwa kwabantu be-mustang futhi banikeze izimpikiswano zabo ngokuxhasa ukwanda kwenani. Cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, cishe amadevu ayizigidi ezimbili azulazula emaphandleni aseNyakatho Melika.
Ngokuthuthuka kwezimboni namadolobha, izilwane zadudulelwa ngasentshonalanga ezintabeni nasezingwadule namuhla, ngenxa yokubanjwa endle, kusele ezingaphansi kuka-25 000. Izinhlobo eziningi ngokuvamile ziphila phakathi kweminyaka engama-25 nengama-30. Kodwa-ke, ama-mustangs anempilo ephansi kunamanye amahhashi.
