Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo i-hoopoe
I-Hoopoe (kusuka eziLatin Upupa epops) iyinyoni, okuwukuphela komeleli wesimanje womndeni wama-hoopoe we-oda leRaksheiformes. Inyoni encane, enobude bomzimba obungu-25-28 cm nobunzima obufinyelela ku-75 g, amaphiko afinyelela kuma-50 cm.
I-hoopoe inomsila omude ngokulingene, ikhanda elincane elinobude obude (cishe u-5 cm), uqhwaku olugobile kancane kanye nokugudluka, okuvulekileyo ngaphezulu komqhele. Umbala wezimpaphe uhlukahluka futhi uyahlukahluka, kuya ngohlobo, kusuka kokuphinki kuya koku nsundu ngokukhanyayo.
Izimpiko nomsila kunemigqa eshintshana emnyama nemhlophe. Kusukela encazelweni yenyoni ye-hoopoe, kuyacaca ukuthi lesi simangaliso esincane siyakhanga futhi siyaheha. Ngenxa yokugqama kwayo okugqamile, okuhlukile, i-hoopoe isibe ummeleli odumile futhi odumile wezinyoni.
Ngo-2016, emhlanganweni waminyaka yonke, i-Bird Conservation Union yaseRussia yakhetha inyoni ye-hoopoe yonyaka... Ososayensi, ngokwezindawo, bahlukanisa izinhlobo eziyisishiyagalolunye zezinyoni zezinyoni:
1. Izindwangu ezivamile (kusuka eLat. Upupa epops epops) - izimpilo, kufaka phakathi izifunda eziseningizimu yeRussia Federation;
2. I-hoopoe yaseSenegal (evela eLat. Upupa epops senegalensis);
3. I-hoopoe yase-Afrika (kusuka lat. Upupa epops africana);
4. IMadagascar hoopoe (kusuka eLat. Upupa epops marginata);
Lezi zinyoni zidabuka e-Afrika, kodwa ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo zisakazekela e-Asia naseningizimu yeYurophu. Ezweni lethu, ama-hoopoes ahlala ezifundeni zaseLeningrad, Nizhny Novgorod, Yaroslavl naseNovgorod.
Babuye bagxila kahle eTatarstan naseBashkiria, eningizimu yeMpumalanga neWestern Siberia. Okuncamelayo kunikezwa emahlathini asemaqeleni nasemathafeni, emaphethelweni ehlathi, ezigodini ezincane. Abathandi isimo sezulu esiswakeme.
Ebusika bathuthela eningizimu ezimweni ezifudumele zesimo sezulu. Izinyoni ezihlobene hoopoe amagwababa anezimpondo nama-hornbill. Yize laba bameleli bezilwane bakhulu kakhulu, ukufana kwabo kwangaphandle ne-hoopoe kungabonakala esithombeni salezi zinyoni.
Ukufana okuyinhloko ukuba khona emakhanda abo kokunye ukuqagela okunemibala egqamile, njengesikhumba se-hoopoe. Izinyoni nazo zihlala ikakhulukazi ezwenikazi lase-Afrika.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yama-hoopoe
AmaHoopoes ayasebenza emini futhi asebenzisa lesi sikhathi efuna ukudla ukuze ondle wona kanye nenzalo yawo. Ziyizinyoni ezizodwa futhi zihlala ngazimbili zabesilisa nabesifazane kukho konke ukuphila kwazo, zigonene njengemihlambi emincane nje ngendiza yasebusika.
Uma ifuna ukudla, ivame ukwehlela phansi bese ihamba inyathele eduze kwayo. Ngokubona ingozi emhlabathini ngesimo sezilwane ezidla ezinye, ikhipha uketshezi olunamafutha olunephunga elibi kakhulu kanye nolindle, ngaleyo ndlela lususe abazingeli kulo.
Uma le nyoni ibona ukuthi ngeke iphunyuke ngokundiza, khona-ke i-hoopoe icasha phansi, ibambelele kuyo ngomzimba wayo wonke ngamaphiko avulekile, ngaleyo ndlela izifihle ngokuphelele njengemvelo.
Ngokuvamile, ama-hoopoes ayizinyoni ezinamahloni kakhulu futhi avame ukubalekela ngisho nokuqubuka okuncane okuvezwa umoya. Lezi zinyoni azindizeli ngokushesha, kodwa indiza yazo iyabhakuza futhi iyakwazi ukuhamba, okuzivumela ukuba zicashe ezinyonini ezidla inyama ezingakwazi ukuguqula lapho zihamba khona.
Ukondla i-Hoopoe
Ukudla kwama-hoopoe kuqukethe izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinambuzane, ezitholakala phansi, ezihlahleni nasekubambeni endizeni. Kudliwa izibungu, izicabucabu, amabhungane, izintethe, izikelemu, amacimbi kanye neminenke.
Indlela yokubamba ilula kakhulu futhi yenzeka ngosizo lomlomo omude, lapho i-hoopoe ikhetha khona inyamazane emhlabathini noma kumagxolo esihlahla. Isusa lesi sinambuzane endaweni yokukhosela, le nyoni siyibulala ngemivimbo ebukhali yomlomo wayo, siyiphonse emoyeni bese siyigwinya sivule umlomo.
Ezinye izinhlobo zingaphuza umpe wezimbali futhi zidle izithelo. Ngokuvamile, ngaphandle kobukhulu bazo obuncane, ama-hoopoes ayizinyoni ezinamandla kakhulu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ama-hoopoes yizinyoni ezizodwa futhi zikhetha enye ingxenye yazo kanye empilweni. Bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi ngonyaka wokuphila, lapho kuqala ukukhetha umlingani.
Abesilisa ngalesi sikhathi banomsindo omkhulu futhi babiza abesifazane ngokukhala kwabo. Okokwakha izidleke, ama-hoopoes akhetha imigodi ezihlahleni, imingxuma esezintabeni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi akha isidleke phansi noma ezimpandeni zezihlahla.
Lalela izwi le-hoopoe
Ngokwakho isidleke se-hoopoe amancane, ngokuvamile aqukethe amagatsha amaningana kanye nenani elincane lamaqabunga. Ukuvundisa kwenzeka ezinhlotsheni eziningi kanye ngonyaka, kwezinye izinhlobo zokuhlala kwenzeka kuze kube kathathu ngonyaka.
Insikazi izalela amaqanda ayi-4-9 kuye ngesimo sezulu esidleke. Iqanda elilodwa lizalelwa nsuku zonke, kuthi ezinsukwini eziyi-15-17 ezilandelayo, iqanda ngalinye lifukanywe.
Ngalokhu kuchanyuselwa, amaphuphu okugcina avela ngosuku lwesi-25-30. Abesilisa abawazalanga amaqanda, ngalesi sikhathi bathola ukudla kowesifazane kuphela. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamachwane, bahlala nenyanga nabazali babo, ababondlayo futhi babafundise ukuhlala ngokuzimela.
Ngalesi sikhathi, amaphuphu aqala ukundiza ngokuzimela futhi azitholele ukudla ngokwawo, ngemuva kwalokho ashiye abazali bawo aqale impilo yokuzimela.
Isikhathi sokuphila se-hoopoe cishe siyiminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Lo mmeleli wohlelo olufana neRaksha uyinyoni yasendulo, ukukhuluma ngaye kutholakala emibhalweni yasendulo, kufaka phakathi njengeBhayibheli neKoran.
Ososayensi abavubukuli bathole idwala izithombe zezinyoni ze-hoopoe emihumeni yasendulo yasePheresiya. Kulezi zinsuku, bambalwa abantu abacabanga ngokuvikelwa kwale nyoni emangalisayo ezingeni lomuntu nelombuso, kepha ngasikhathi sinye inani labo liyancipha kakhulu.
Singayisiza kanjani inyoni ye-hoopoe? Kwamanye amazwe, ukuze kwandiswe inani lalezi zinyoni, kufakwa umanyolo onobuthi obunobuthi obuncane emasimini, ongazilimazi izidalwa eziphilayo eziphila nokuzondla ngazo.
Futhi bashiya inani elithile lomhlaba ongaphansi ukuze ama-hoopoes abe khona kuwo. Ngicabanga ukuthi kungenzeka impela ukusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo ezweni lethu kulezo zifunda lapho inyoni enhle ye-hoopoe ihlala khona.
