Isilwane alpaca yavela kudala ngaphambi kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe. Kuyamangaza ukuthi, sihlala phezulu kuphela ezintabeni zaseNingizimu Melika, lesi silwane sisaphila lapho ezimweni zemvelo kuze kube namuhla, ngaphandle kokushintsha indawo yaso yakuqala.
Ezikhathini zanamuhla, ukuthuthela kabusha kwama-alpaca ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba kuyisenzo esilingayo nesibizayo, esichazwa ngokufunwa okuyingqayizivele kwalokhu kudalwa okumangalisayo kwemvelo.
Incazelo nezici ze-alpaca
Namuhla i-alpaca iyi-camelid efuywayo. Ibukeka incane, ifinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama, isilwane esincelisayo esinokubukeka okuhle, esifana ne-llama encane noma imvu enama-curls emzimbeni wayo wonke. Ngesisindo, abantu abadala bafinyelela kuma-70 kg.
I-Alpaca ihlukaniswa njengezilwane ezingavamile, phakathi kwazo kukhona amaqembu amabili kuphela:
1. I-Alpaca Huacaya - izinhlobo ezijwayeleke kakhulu, ifaniswa nengane engu-teddy bear ngejazi layo elithambile nelizacile.
2. I-Alpaca Suri - umbono ongavamile. Uboya busezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu futhi buyigugu kakhulu, obufana nama-curls amade futhi agobile.
Ama-Alpaca amele iqembu lezilwane ezinemilenze ye-callus futhi ahamba ngokusekela kuma-phalanges eminwe. Abakwazi ukunyathela amadlelo njengezimvu noma izimbuzi, ngoba azinazo izinselo, kepha kuphela umhlonyane ongacabangi onyaweni. Imilenze yazo eneminwe emibili inezinzipho ezigobile nezibuthuntu.
Isici esiyinhloko sezilwane izinwele eziminyene kakhulu nezinde, lapho zibaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yengubo ewugqinsi, i-alpaca iguqulelwe hlala endaweni enkulu enezintaba. Ezindaweni eziphakeme, izinga lokushisa lisukela osukwini olulodwa luye ku-300.
Isici sezilwane yikhono lokuphefumula umoya omncane. Izinwele zabo zikhula ngokuqhubekayo, zifinyelela ku-30 cm ezinhlangothini, futhi zinesakhiwo esihle futhi esibucayi. Ubude bezinwele ezinkulu nejazi elingaphansi cishe bacishe bufane.
Izithunzi zombala kusuka kokumhlophe kuye konsundu nokumnyama, kwesinye isikhathi kukhona ama-alpaca ngephethini yamabala amhlophe nayi-beige. Izimfanelo eziyingqayizivele zoboya ukukhanya, ukuthamba, ukukhanya, okubizwa nge- "fiber yaphezulu".
Ngabe alpaca udebe oluphansi lwemfoloko kanye nama-incisors akhula ngokuqinile emhlathini ongezansi, okubavumela ukuthi badle izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo. Izilwane zixhumana zodwa hhayi kuphela ngezimpawu zezwi, kepha futhi zisebenzisa kabanzi ulimi lomzimba olungaziwa ngumuntu: ukuma okuthile, ukuma kwezindlebe, ukujika kwentamo.
Ukuwela ama-alpaca futhi ama-llamas akhiqiza inzalo efanelekayo yendima yezilwane ezifuywayo. AmaHuaris, njengoba abizwa kanjalo, ahlukaniswa kalula nokuphathwa, ukulalela, isimilo esihle. Kepha abayinikezi inzalo yabo.
Indawo yokuhlala ye-Alpaca nendlela yokuphila
Okhokho bama-alpaca, njengoba kwasungulwa ngocwaningo lwe-DNA, babengama-vicua avela emndenini wamakamela angenamphunga, futhi ama-llamas ayeyizihlobo eziseduze kakhulu. Indawo abahlala kuyo yiNingizimu Melika, izinkangala ezise-Andes.
Le nsimu, emahlathini, ezintabeni nasogwini, ihlala cishe izilwane eziyizigidi ezintathu. Kwezinye izindawo, lolu hlobo aluzimiseli ezimweni zemvelo, yize izilwane zithunyelwa emazweni amaningi omhlaba ukuze zizalaniswe futhi zihlanzwe, ama-alpaca angaphezu kwama-60,000 ahlala e-Australia kuphela, kanye nama-alpaca ayi-10 000 eNgilandi. Imizamo eminingi yokujwayela ama-alpaca esimweni seYurophu ne-Afrika yaphela ngokwehluleka.
Intshisekelo yabantu e-alpaca yaqala endulo, cishe isigamu sekhulu leminyaka BC. Ama-Inca asendulo okuba noboya, inyama nesikhumba sezilwane ayezibandakanya ekuzaleni kwawo. Kusetshenziswe umquba - waba uphethiloli. Uboya be-Alpaca babubizwa ngokuthi yigolide lama-Inca. Namuhla, kubantu basePeru, eBolivia, e-Ecuador, eChile, kungumkhiqizo obalulekile wokuthekelisa. Futhi kwake kwaba imali yendawo yama-Inca.
Ukuhlala ezintabeni, isimo sezulu esibi, ama-alpaca ayabekezelelwa ngenxa yoboya obufudumele nobude obumboza ikakhulukazi ngokuqinile ezinhlangothini. Ngokuya ngezici zekhwalithi, iphindwe kasikhombisa kunaleyo yemvu.
Isilwane se-Alpaca endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni, ihola isendle noma i-semi-wild, ekuthunjweni, indlela yokuphila. Imihlambi yezilwane iklaba ezifundeni ezinzima zezindawo eziphakeme, cishe eduze neqhwa, lapho kungamili lutho ngaphandle kotshani. Abafuyi bemfuyo bahlwanyela ezinye izitshalo ukondla ama-alpaca emadlelweni asendaweni.
Ku-vivo ama-alpaca ahlala emihlambini... Emini, ziyasebenza, futhi ebusuku kunesikhathi sokuphumula. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukugaya konke ukudla okudliwayo, okunqwabelene emini.
Izitha zemvelo zezilwane ikakhulukazi ama-cougars nezingwe. Uma izilwane ezincane ezidlayo zihlasela, ama-alpaca azivikela ngemilenze yawo yangaphambili, eshaya isitha futhi ephimisela amathe. Ngasikhathi sinye, benza imisindo ezokwazisa izihlobo ngengozi.
I-Alpaca ekuthunjweni
Ukugcina ama-alpaca ekuthunjweni akunzima, ngisho namaNdiya ake akwazi ukuwathambisa. Azidingi izimo ezikhethekile, izakhiwo ezikhethekile noma amasistimu okondla akhethekile, ngoba endle aqiniswa yisimo sezulu esibuhlungu sezintaba. Kepha ethile ukunakekelwa kwe-alpacakudingeka ngempela.
Imvamisa bakha isigwedlo esincane ngophahla oluvela emvuleni noma eqhweni. Igumbi elifudumele alidingeki, ngoba uboya obuyingqayizivele yi-thermostat enhle kakhulu. Ahlukile ekudleni kusuka ezifuyweni ezivamile ezidla imifino. Okuthandwayo okuthandwa kakhulu ukukhotha usawoti.
Ngokwemvelo, izilwane ziyizidalwa ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezinomusa, maqondana nabantu ziyalalela futhi aziphenduli. Banelukuluku eleqile elingabalimaza uma kukhona okubadonsayo.
Banenkani kakhulu ezinhlosweni zabo. Njengamakamela ayizihlobo, ama-alpaca angakhafula. Kepha lokhu bakwenza endaweni yabo kuphela, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwehlukaniswa kokuphakelayo. Abantu abakhubekisi lo mkhuba.
Ngenxa yesimo sabo esihle, ukuxhumana nama-alpaca kuyasiza kakhulu ekwenzeni imisebenzi phakathi kwezingane ezikhubazekile nasebekhulile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi izilwane zibonisa ukwesaba, ngenxa yazo ezingazishaya ngokuzumayo izinyawo noma ikhanda. Kodwa endaweni ezolile, abalokothi bahlasele.
Izilwane zisetshenziswa njengezilwane zomthwalo, zingathwala kuze kufike kuma-70 kg. Kepha ama-alpaca agcinwa ikakhulu, ngenxa yoboya, obunenani elikhulu. Kudala kwakungabantu abacebile kakhulu ababegqoka izingubo ezenziwe ngoboya babo. Usengomunye wabiza kakhulu namuhla.
Ababelethi basebenzisa imali eningi ekulethweni nasekuzalaneni alpaca. Thenga amawundlu avunyelwe kuphela ezinkulisa ezikhethekile. Izilwane ezizalisayo zinzima kakhulu.
Ukudla kwe-Alpaca
I-Alpaca iwukudla okudla imifino... Zondla ngamakhambi, amaqabunga, cishe zonke izinhlobo zohlaza. Ngesikhathi sokufuna ukudla, zihamba kancane kakhulu, zifuna izitshalo ezinomsoco kakhulu. Udinga ukuchelela njalo.
Ahlukile kokunye ukukhanyisela ngezici zawo zokwakheka, okunika ithuba lokuqoqa ukudla. Umlomo we-alpaca ufana nomlomo wonogwaja, ama-incisors anama-angled, akhula njalo, njengamagundane.
Ama-alpaca awathobeki futhi iqine, ayifuni kakhulu ukudla kunezimvu ezijwayelekile. Ekuthunjweni, bondliwa ehlobo ngotshani namaqabunga, kanti ebusika ngotshani, imifino, isinkwa kanye ne-oatmeal. Ukudla kungafana nokudla kwehhashi. Ukuthola uvolo wekhwalithi ekhethekile, abalimi bengeza amaminerali ahlukahlukene kokuphakelayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo kwama-alpaca
KU-IN umhlambi wama-alpaca ine-alpha yayo yowesilisa, noma umholi, endaweni ethile ethile yokuhlala. Isikhathi sokumitha kuma-harem akho sihlala unyaka wonke. Ukuzala ithole elilodwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-11. Amawele ayivelakancane. Inzalo ye-Alpaca ilethwa kanye kuphela eminyakeni emibili.
Ingane esanda kuzalwa enesisindo esingu-1 kg iphakama ime ngezinyawo ngehora. Umbala wejazi lakhe uhlala ukhilimu othambile, kepha uyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuncelisa ibele kuthatha izinyanga ezingama-6, lapho inkonyane lifinyelela isisindo esingama-30 kg.
Ama-alpaca amancane afinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi eneminyaka engu-2. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izilwane ziphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25. Kodwa ekuthunjweni, impilo yabo, njengomthetho, iphela ngeminyaka engu-7.
Intengo ye-Alpaca
Ukufuywa kwezilwane ngoboya kungumsebenzi onenzuzo. Ama-shades amaningi emvelo, izakhiwo ezibulala amagciwane, ukungathambeki kokugoqeka nokuma, ukuqina, ukungabi khona kwe-lanolin - uhlu olungaphelele lwezinzuzo nezici ezihlukile.
Uboya besilwane esincane bubaluleke kakhulu futhi buyabiza. Kusuka kumuntu oyedwa eminyakeni emibili, kuze kufike ku-1 kg kunqunywa kanye. Ukuqhathanisa, isilwane esikhulile sinikela ngama-5 kg woboya. Ngakho-ke, izindleko zemikhiqizo zikhonjelwe esigabeni samanani aphezulu: isikhafu se-alpaca esenziwe e-Italy sibiza cishe ama- $ 400.
Ubuchwepheshe besimanje benza kube nokwenzeka ukudala izingoma ezihlukile zezinto zokwakha. Inhlanganisela ye-acrylic noboya i-alpaca - indwangu Ikhwalithi ephezulu. Abaningi bajwayele ingubo yoboya i-alpaca, okhaphethi bekhwalithi engenakulinganiswa.
Isici sokunakekelwa alpaca elingenamikhono, amashidi, okokulala, amatagi noma ezinye izinto ukungamukelwa kokusebenzisa i-naphthalene. Izinto ze-antimole zemvelo kuphela ezivunyelwe: i-lavender, ugwayi noma umsedari.
I-Alpaca isebenzele abantu isikhathi esingaphezu kwenkulungwane eyodwa, isala isidalwa esiletha izinzuzo hhayi kuphela empilweni yezomnotho, kepha futhi inika umuntu ukuxhumana okuyigugu nemvelo nomlando wokuqala.
Ukubuyekezwa ngezinto ezivela ku-alpaca
- Ngifunde okuningi mayelana alpaca. Izibuyekezo okuhle kakhulu, ngithenge ingubo. Sekuyiminyaka emithathu intsha, ibingagugi noma ingcolile nakancane, yize umndeni wonke uyisebenzisa, ikakhulukazi uma kubanda efulethini ekwindla.
- Thenga i-alpaca wool namuhla kungenzeka yonke indawo. Intengo iyaluma, kepha kufanelekile. Kwa umucu we-alpaca isebenza isikhathi eside, izinto zingancibilika futhi zibhandishwe ngemuva kokugqoka, ngeke zibe zimbi kakhulu. Into esemqoka ukuthi ayiwi njengabanye.
- Ukukhiqizwa kwengubo ye-Alpaca manje ilungiswa hhayi phesheya kuphela, bayayenza eSt. Petersburg, eMoscow. Ukukhetha kukhulu, kuphela intengo ye-alpaca phezulu. Kepha ungayigqoka amasizini ambalwa ngaphandle kokucabanga nganoma yini. Ayihlikihli, ayigoqeki noma iphele. I-Alpaca!
- Ngathenga ijazi le-alpaca. Akukho okunye okunethezeka ukukuthola ekwindla. Akushisi uma sekufudumele, uma kubanda angigodoli. Ngesimo sezulu esingazinzile, into yendawo yonke. Kulebula kunendwangu eyenziwe i-alpaca - i-Italy, kodwa ithungwe nathi. Ngincoma wonke umuntu.
