Izinhlobonhlobo zezakhamizi zasolwandle nemifula ziyamangalisa. Phakathi kwazo kunezidalwa ezinhle impela, futhi kukhona labo, ngokubukeka kwabo, ababangela ukwesaba noma ukungathandi. Lezi zinsuku zifaka izinhlanzi loach... Ngaphandle, zifana kakhulu nenyoka, zijija ngamandla futhi zenze imisindo engathandeki uma ibanjiwe. Kodwa-ke, i-loach iyinhlanzi ethakazelisa kakhulu, imikhuba nendlela yokuphila efanele ukukufunda okwengeziwe.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Vyun
Amalokhi yizilwane ezihlukile. Zimelela iqembu elincane lezinhlanzi elinomzimba ohlangene nezikali ezibushelelezi. Ezindebeni, lezi zinhlanzi zinezimpondo ezinjengezintambo. Ngaphandle, zifana kakhulu nenyoka noma i-eel, kepha azifani. I-loach ingeyomndeni omncane weCobitidae, umndeni we-loach. Zakha uhlobo oluhlukile lwama-loach. Leli gama lisikisela ukuthi inhlanzi enjalo iyakwazi ukuzulazula. Umzimba wabo uyaguquguquka, unwebeka. Ukubamba i-loach ezandleni zakho kunzima kakhulu. Emanzini, isilwane esinjalo sizwa sikhulu, sihamba ngesivinini esikhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: ILoach yinhlanzi enamakhono wemvelo ahlukile. Ngokungafani nabanye abantu abahlala emfuleni, ikubekezelela kalula ukoma okuphuma emanzini. Lapho umfula womile, izingodo zigobhoza ziye ezansi ekujuleni okukhulu - cishe amasentimitha angamashumi amahlanu. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi akwazi ukusinda ngisho nangaphansi kukadaka owomile kakhulu.
Ividiyo: Vyun
Amalokhi ayingxenye yomndeni omkhulu wamalokishi, namuhla anezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingaba yikhulu namashumi ayisikhombisa nesikhombisa. Zonke izinhlanzi zihlelwe zaba imikhakha engamashumi amabili nesithupha.
Uhlobo lwamalokhi lukhulu impela, phakathi kwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zalezi zinhlanzi yilezi:
- i-misgurnus fossilis noma i-loach ejwayelekile. Kusatshalaliswe e-Asia, eYurophu. Ubude balo mfula ohlala emfuleni uvame ukufika kumasentimitha angamashumi amathathu. Umbala womhlane onsundu, isisu siphuzi;
- i-cobitis taenia. NgesiRashiya, bakubiza kanjalo - ingcosana evamile. Leli yilungu lomndeni elincane kunawo wonke. Uhlala emazweni amaningi ase-Europe, Japan, China, CIS. Ubude besidalwa esinjalo abudluli amasentimitha ayishumi. Umbala ubuswa ngumthunzi ophuzi okhanyayo;
- i-misgurnus anguillicaudatus noma i-Amur loach. Inani labantu abahlala emfuleni elinjalo likhulu kakhulu emachibini aseSakhalin, eSiberia, eChina, e-Asia naseJapane. Endle, lesi silwane sifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angamashumi amabili nanhlanu. Umbala womzimba onsundu ngokukhanyayo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Kubukeka kanjani i-loach
I-loach kulula ukuyibona. Le yinhlanzi enomzimba omncane, ubude bayo obusukela kumasentimitha ayishumi kuya kumashumi amathathu nanhlanu. Izikali zesidalwa esinjalo azikho ngokuphelele, noma zincane kakhulu futhi zibushelelezi. Umzimba wezinhlanzi uhlanjululwe ngokuphelele, okwenza ukuthi ukwazi ukushesha futhi usheshe.
Ama-gill amancane namehlo, izimpondo ezibucayi ezisezindebeni zingabizwa ngokungafani kwesici kwama-loaches.
Umzimba wale nhlanzi uyindilinga. Lesi sici se-anatomical singenxa yokuthi i-loach isetshenziselwa ukubhukuda okubukhali futhi okufushane. Ngeke akwazi ukunyakaza ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside. Lesi silwane sinqoba ibanga ngamajezi amafushane futhi acijile. Amaphiko mancane futhi ayindingilizi. Isiqu simbozwe ngokweqile ngamafinyila ukuze uvikeleke ngokwengeziwe.
Umbala womzimba wezinhlobo eziningi zamalokishi awugqamile. Ingemuva kunsundu ngombala ophuzi namabala amnyama, isisu sinombala okhanyayo ophuzi. Amaphiko anombala onsundu, kunomugqa oqhubekayo omnyama maphakathi nenhlanzi, kanti ezinhlangothini kunemigqa emifushane. Ngokubukeka, ama-loaches afana nezinyoka. Ngalesi sizathu, abadobi abaningi bayazenyanya izinhlanzi ezinjalo, yize izitsha zazo zimnandi kakhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Amaloli avame ukubizwa ngabantu abagwema ngobuqili ingozi noma impendulo eqondile. Lesi sidlaliso sihlobene kakhulu nezici zemvelo ze-loach fish. Banakho konke okwenziwe ukuze babalekele ngokushesha emanzini.
Izinhlanzi ze-Loach zihlukaniswe ngokobulili zibe ngabesifazane nabesilisa. Ungawahlukanisa ngezici ezithile zangaphandle. Isibonelo, izintokazi zihlala zikhudlwana. Adlula owesilisa hhayi ngobude kuphela kodwa nangesisindo. Abesilisa banamaphiko amafushane wepectoral. Banokuma okukhonjiwe. Kwabesifazane, amaphiko we-pectoral ayindilinga, ngaphandle kokuqina noma ezinye izinto.
Ihlala kuphi i-loach?
Isithombe: Loach ngaphansi kwamanzi
Amalokhi yizilwane ezikhethiwe. Yimifula nezidamu ezithule kuphela, ezinezihlahla emabhange nohlaza oluminyene, ezilungele zona. Ngalesi sizathu, izakhamuzi zasemanzini ezinjalo zingatholakala emigodini yezithulu, imifula ehamba kancane, izindawo ezinamaxhaphozi, imisele, emachibini nasemachibini anengqimba enkulu yodaka. Imvamisa kunezinhlanzi ezimbalwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezinjalo. Ama-loache ancamela ukuhlala ngaphansi kwemizimba yamanzi, lapho azitholela khona ukudla. Lezi zinhlanzi zichitha iningi lesikhathi sazo odakeni, zizimbela phansi lapho.
Ngenxa yobukhona benani elikhulu lodaka nodaka, lezi zinhlanzi zingaphila isikhathi eside ngisho noma kunesomiso esikhulu. Uma ixhaphozi, ichibi noma umzimba wamanzi womile, i-loach ingasinda. Imba ijule odakeni olumanzi, futhi isitho sokuphefumula esingeziwe siyayisiza ukugcina umzimba usebenza kahle. Kuyingxenye encane ye-hindgut. Ama-loaches azivumelanisa kalula nendawo yawo yokuhlala, ngakho-ke ajwayelekile emhlabeni wonke.
Indawo yemvelo ifaka lezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
- IYurophu;
- EMpumalanga neNingizimu Asia;
- IRussia;
- IMongolia;
- Korea.
Ama-loache akhetha isimo sezulu esipholile noma esifudumele. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kubo ukuthi babe nokudla okwanele. E-Asia, le nhlanzi imelwe inani elikhulu labantu. Isibalo samazwe ase-Asia sazisa ama-loaches kakhulu. Lapho, le nhlanzi ikhiqizwa ngenkuthalo futhi idliwe. Kwezinye izindawo, ama-loach nawo ayaziswa ngokwesayensi. Emazweni amaningi, zisetshenziswa njengezinto eziyimodeli zokwenza izifundo ezithile zaselebhu.
Manje uyazi lapho i-loach itholakala khona. Ake sibone ukuthi udlani.
Idla ngani i-loach?
Isithombe: Vyun
Ama-loaches angabazingeli abahle kakhulu. Babamba futhi bashwabadele izakhamuzi ezahlukahlukene zemifula ngesifiso esikhulu. Lezi zinhlanzi zithola ukudla kwazo ezansi echibini. Zimbalwa izinhlanzi ezingaziqhayisa ngemininingwane emihle kangaka yokuzingela. Ngalesi sizathu, ama-loach avame ukuphoqa ezinye izinhlanzi ukuthi ziphume echibini, ezingenakho nje ukudla okwanele. I-tench, carp crucian kanye ne-carp maningi amathuba okuthi bahlupheke ngamalokishi. Uma izinhlanzi ezingenhla uzixazulula echibini elilodwa elincane elinama-loaches, khona-ke emva kwesikhathi esifushane inani lazo liyoncipha kakhulu.
Ukudla kwansuku zonke kwe-loach kufaka ama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene, ama-molluscs. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-loach adla udaka, udaka, izimila ezahlukahlukene zemifula. Futhi, labahlali bomfula bathanda ukudla izibungu zezinambuzane: izikelemu zegazi, omiyane. Lezi zinambuzane zihlala emachibini anamaxhaphozi. Enye i-caviar nayo iyisibiliboco esiyintandokazi sama-loach. Lezi zinhlanzi zikuthola kalula futhi masinyane zikuthole kunoma yiliphi ikhona lomfula noma emanzini. Ama-loaches adla i-caviar ngamanani angenamkhawulo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayoCishe konke ukudla kwamalokishi kuhlala ezansi emanzini noma emfuleni. Le nhlanzi isebenzisa ukuthinta ukuyithola. Isitho esiyinhloko sokuthinta kwe-loach yizimpondo. Unamabhangqa ayishumi, futhi izimpondo zifakwa emakhoneni omlomo wakhe.
Ekuthunjweni, i-loach nayo iyisiminzi ngokweqile. Kodwa angabulawa yindlala kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha. Isabelo se-loach "yasekhaya" sifaka amabhu, imisundu, inyama eluhlaza namaqanda ezintuthwane. Izinhlanzi zidla ukudla kuphela kusuka phansi.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Loach eRussia
Indlela yokuphila yama-loaches iyalinganiswa, izolile, ihlala phansi. Bahlala emzimbeni okhethiwe wamanzi impilo yabo yonke. Bachitha isikhathi esiningi bemba bengena odakeni. Lezi zinhlanzi zikhetha amanzi anexhaphozi, amile endaweni yazo, lapho kunezinhlanzi ezimbalwa kakhulu noma ezingekho nhlobo. I-loach incamela ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi kakhulu lapho kunodaka omningi khona. Kumaxhaphozi nakumachibi anjalo, kune-oxygen encane, ngakho-ke ungabona kaningi ukuthi ama-loach anyukela phezulu ukudedela umoya wokukhipha futhi agwinye umoya ohlanzekile. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, isilwane senza ukukhala. Umsindo ofanayo ungezwakala uma ubamba futhi ubambe i-loach ezandleni zakho.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-loach inikezwe ngokukhululekile ngemvelo ngezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, isikhumba sakhe sithinteka kakhulu ekucindezelekeni komkhathi. Uma isimo sezulu sifudumele, khona-ke lezi zinhlanzi azivamile ukukhuphukela phezulu, futhi esimweni sezulu esibi (ngokwesibonelo, ngaphambi kwemvula) amanzi aqala ukugcwala nawo.
Ama-loach achitha cishe usuku lonke odakeni, lapho azitholela khona ukudla. Badla izibungu, ama-crustaceans, ama-molluscs. Bathanda ukuzitika nge-caviar yomunye umuntu. Amaloli abhukuda kancane, ngokucijile nangamabanga amafushane. Banqoba ngobuchule izithiyo ezahlukahlukene ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngenxa yezici zabo zokwakheka: izikali ezibushelelezi, umzimba omude, ukuma komzimba okuyindilinga. Ama-loaches ahlakaniphile futhi aqinile. Abasabi isomiso namanzi angcolile. Bazingcwaba ngokujulile ku-silt futhi basebusika uma umzimba wamanzi usomile ngokuzumayo. Ngemuva kwemvula, lezi zinhlanzi ziyabuya.
Abadobi abaningi abanolwazi bathi amalokhi angahamba kalula olwandle njengezinyoka. Uma kunamanzi amaningi aseduze, khona-ke abantu abakhulu bakhasa kalula besuka komunye baye komunye. Kunzima ukwahlulela ukuthi leli qiniso liyiqiniso kangakanani.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: River loach
Inqubo yokukhiqiza kabusha kulolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi inezici zayo:
- Intwasahlobo yisikhathi esihle sokuzala kabusha. Amanzi amachibi amancane kufanele afudumale ngokuphelele, asuse iqhwa;
- ngemuva kokukhwelana, insikazi ibheka indawo efanelekayo yokubeka amaqanda. Imvamisa lezi zinhlanzi zizalela amaqanda ezihlahleni eziminyene ngasogwini. Kwesinye isikhathi amaqanda afakwa emadanyini esikhashana, ngokwesibonelo, lapho umfula ugcwala. Kulokhu, kunengozi enkulu yokufa kwefry lapho umfula ubuyela osebeni lwawo;
- amaqanda abekiwe makhulu kakhulu, angafinyelela kumamilimitha ayi-1.9. Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba abazali bamafry anjalo ngokwabo bakhulu ngosayizi. ICaviar inegobolondo elincanyana, inganamathela emaqabungeni ezitshalo zasemanzini;
- ngemuva kokuphuma emaqandeni, gazinga linamathela ezitshalweni bese londla isikhuphasha. Ngalesi sikhathi, zonke izitho nemizimba yazo zikhula njalo, zithola izakhiwo ezidingekayo. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esifushane, ama-gazinga aqala ukuzondla ngokwawo.
Bazitholela ukudla okufanele ngosizo lwezimpondo, ezenza umsebenzi wokuthinta. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezibungu ze-loach kwenzeka ngokuntuleka okukhulu komoya-mpilo. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, inhlanzi izokwazi ukuthatha umoya, inyukele phezulu. Esigabeni sesibungu, imithambo yegazi enamandla iyabasiza ukuba baphefumule, bese kuba nezindlala zangaphandle ezinde kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuba umuntu omdala, lezi zigilizi zincipha ngosayizi bese ziyanyamalala ngokuphelele. Bathathelwa indawo ngamanye, amagill angempela.
Izitha zemvelo zama-loaches
Isithombe: Kubukeka kanjani i-loach
I-loach iyinhlanzi e-quirky, eqinile. Akanayo izitha eziningi zemvelo. Lokhu futhi kungenxa yendawo ehlala kuyo. Njengomthetho, ama-loach akhetha ukuhlala emizimbeni yamanzi, lapho ezinye izinhlanzi zingekho ngokuphelele noma zimbalwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kusekhona izilwane ezidla ama-loach ngokudla. Izitha zemvelo eziyingozi kakhulu zamalokishi izinhlanzi ezidla ezinye. I-loach iyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwe-burbot, i-pike ne-perch.
Vele, ukubamba i-loach akulula ngisho nenhlanzi edla inyama. Amaloli angacasha ngokushesha engozini, abhoboze kakhulu odakeni. Kodwa kwesinye isikhathi nalokhu akusizi ukusuka kumzingeli. Futhi izinyoni zivame ukuhlasela ama-loaches. Impango ye-loach enezimpiko iba lapho izama ukuthuthela echibini elingumakhelwane ngotshani obumanzi. Ezinye izinyoni ziyakwazi ukuthola le nhlanzi zisuka phansi echibini elomile noma ixhaphozi. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu emhlabeni ukuthi i-loach iba yisisulu sezinye izilwane ezidlayo eziseduze.
Izinhlanzi ezinjengezinyoka nazo zingabizwa ngesitha. I-loach ayibukeki ikhanga kakhulu. Abadobi abaningi, njengoba bebambe inhlanzi enjalo ngengozi, bamane bayiphonsa ogwini. Abanye abathandi bokudoba babamba ikakhulukazi ama-loach amaningi bese bewasebenzisa njengesicupho.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Vyun
Isimo sokonga sama-loaches: Ukukhathazeka Okuncane. Ngaphandle kwethonya lezici eziningi ezingezinhle, ama-loach agcina abantu abaningi ezindaweni eziningi zemvelo yabo. Lokhu kungenxa yamakhono emvelo namakhono ama-loaches. Okokuqala, lezi zinhlanzi zanda kakhulu. Zanda ngokushesha, zizalela amaqanda amaningi ngasikhathi sinye. Okwesibili, i-loach iyinhlanzi eqinile. Uyakwazi ukuphila ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Lo mhlali wasemfuleni akesabi isomiso, ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo. Iyakwazi ukuphila ngisho nasemanzini angcolile kakhulu, futhi lesi silwane singalinda isomiso ngaphansi kongqimba olukhulu lwodaka. Amaloli nawo ayazi ukuthi angasuka kanjani echibini elilodwa aye kwelinye. Bakhasa njengezinyoka phezu kwezimila ezimanzi besuka komunye umthombo wamanzi baye komunye. Yize kulondolozwe inani eliphezulu labantu, ososayensi muva nje baphawule ukwehla okuhamba kancane kwesibalo samalokishi.
Lokhu kungenxa yethonya lezici ezilandelayo:
- ukoma emaxhaphozini, amadamu amile. Yize ama-loach angaphila ezimweni ezinjalo, kepha hhayi isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, baphinde badinge amanzi, kepha amadamu amaningi omile ngokungenakuguqulwa;
- ukudla izinhlanzi. E-Asia, amalokhi ayisibiliboco esithandwa ngabantu. Ngalesi sizathu, inani lezinhlanzi ezindaweni zase-Asia liyancipha;
- sebenzisa njengenzuzo. Ama-loaches abanjwa ngokukhethekile ngabadobi ngokudoba ama-pike, i-catfish, i-crucian carp.
I-Loach Ingabe inhlanzi efana nenyoka engavamile ukuvusa uzwela. Kodwa-ke, lesi yisidalwa esihlukile esinamakhono amangalisayo okusinda ezimeni ezinzima. Le nhlanzi ayimangazi nje kuphela ngokubonakala kwayo okungajwayelekile, kodwa futhi nangamandla ayo okuthi "ivuse" ngokoqobo ngemuva kokoma okuphelele kwedamu noma umfula.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: Septhemba 26, 2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 11.11.2019 ngo-12: 16
