Iqhude lenhlanzi (I-cockerel) iyinhlanzi exotic edume phakathi kwama-aquarists, ehlukaniswa ukubonakala kwayo okukhanyayo kwasekuqaleni. Imvamisa lezi zinhlanzi zibizwa ngokuthi izinhlanzi ezilwayo. Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zikhetha kakhulu ngokunakekelwa, kodwa konke lokhu kunxeshezelwa ukubukeka kwazo kwasekuqaleni kanye nohlamvu oluvelele.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: I-Rooster fish
Ama-cockerels ayizinhlanzi ze-labyrinth, ezahluke kakhulu ngesakhiwo kusuka kwezinye izimpilo zasolwandle eziningi ngoba ziphefumula umoya osemkhathini njengabantu. ENingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia yizwe elaziwa njengezinhlanzi zeqhude. I-Thailand, iVietnam, i-Indonesia - indawo yalezi zinhlanzi. Abesilisa ikakhulukazi bathanda ukuma amanzi noma izindawo ezinomsinga omncane. Zihlala kuphela emanzini ahlanzekile.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, ukukhuluma ngalolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi kungatholakala ezindaweni ezikude ze-1800. Bese abantu baseThailand yanamuhla (ngaleso sikhathi le ndawo yayibizwa ngeSiam) badonsela ukunakekelwa kubamele balezi zinhlobo ngenxa yokuziphatha kwabo okuthakazelisayo - ukubonakaliswa kokuhlukunyezwa okukhethekile komunye nomunye (sikhuluma ngabesilisa). Kungemva kwalokhu lapho izinhlanzi zaqala ukubanjwa futhi zisetshenziswe ezimpini ezikhethekile, zibheja ngemali kuzo.
Ividiyo: Iqhude lenhlanzi
EYurophu, izakhamizi zaseJalimane naseFrance baba ngabokuqala ukujwayelana nenhlanzi yeqhude, lapho kwalethwa khona abamele lezi zinhlobo ngo-1892. umbala. Ensimini yeRussia yanamuhla, uMelnikov wakhombisa intshisekelo ekhethekile kulolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi, okuhlonishwa ngazo ama-aquarist amaningi asabambe iqhaza emncintiswaneni wokulwa nezinhlanzi, eziveza ukuthi ziyalwa zodwa.
Namuhla kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi zeqhude, kepha lezo ezaziphila phambilini zidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Isizathu ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zazalaniswa ngokungeyikho futhi ziyinhlanganisela, kepha abameleli bezinhlobo zemvelo baya ngokuncipha. Izinhlobo zamaqhude asolwandle (i-trigger) abhekwa ngokwahlukana. Bangabakwa-ray-finned, efana ne-perch-like. Izinhlanzi zihlukaniswa yiqiniso lokuthi zingenza imisindo emikhulu futhi zindiza amamitha amaningana ngaphezu kwamanzi. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obumangazayo, lezi zinhlobo akuyona eyesigaba se-aquarium.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Izinhlanzi ze-Rooster kufanele zibhekiswe enkosini yaseSiamese. Nguye owaqala izifundo eziningiliziwe zososayensi abazinikele emakhono okulwa maqondana nezinhlobo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani inhlanzi yeqhude
Zombili lezi zinhlobo ziyamangalisa ngokubukeka kwazo. Kuyinto ngenxa yakhe ukuthi izinhlanzi zithandwa iminyaka eminingi. kuya ngokuthi kuthathwa njengezinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile noma zasolwandle, umehluko ekubukekeni uzobaluleka kakhulu.
Okugqame kakhulu amaqhude aseSiamese. Ngendlela, lolu hlobo luchaza kakhulu owesilisa kunowesifazane. Unomsila omkhulu okhanyayo, okwazi ukucwebezela ngemibala eyinqaba kakhulu. Insikazi inombala othile futhi ongamangalisi. Umbala ogqame kunayo yonke kowesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-rooster fish amanzi angenasawoti, futhi kukhona nezinhlanzi zasolwandle. Yize banegama elifanayo, bangabemikhakha ehluke ngokuphelele yezakhamuzi zasemanzini. Ukubukeka kwazo futhi kuhluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.
Kuze kube manje, abalimi abaningi bakwazile ukufuya izinhlobo lapho insikazi cishe ingehlukile kowesilisa futhi nayo ikhanya ngokugqamile, inamaphiko amade. Owesilisa uvame ukuba cishe u-5 cm ubude, kuthi owesifazane abe mfushane ngo-1 cm. Umbala we-Olive nemivimbo emnyama eblong yizici ezihlukanisayo zalezo zinhlobo eziphila emvelweni. Amaphiko ezinhlanzi ayindilinga. Uma sikhuluma ngezinhlobo zasolwandle, zikhulu kakhulu. Umuntu omdala angafinyelela kuma-cm 60. Isisindo senhlanzi cishe siyi-5.5 kg.
Umzimba wezinhlanzi mkhulu kakhulu; ikhanda elinentshebe ende ligqame kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakhiwa uhlobo lwezinqubo zamathambo ekhanda engxenyeni engezansi, nasesiswini kukhona amaphiko okungeziwe asikwe kancane. Konke lokhu kwakha ukufana kwengqikithi yemilenze engu-6, evumela izinhlanzi ukuthi zihambe kalula ngezansi.
Ihlala kuphi inhlanzi?
Isithombe: I-black fish cock
Indawo yokuhlala yabamele lezi zinhlobo izoncika ngqo ekutheni sikhuluma ngabahlali basolwandle noma bamanzi ahlanzekile. Amaqhude asolwandle avame ukutholakala emanzini ashisayo aseduze nogu. ERussia, kunezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlobo ezingokoqobo. Bona (ikakhulukazi i-triglya ephuzi) bahlala olwandle olumnyama nolweBaltic (kwesinye isikhathi eMpumalanga Ekude). Kodwa i-triglya empunga ivame ukutholakala eduze nogu lolwandle i-Atlantic Ocean.
Ama-cockerels amancane angenasawoti atholakala kuphela eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia kuze kube namuhla. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ngeke kwenzeke ukuhlangabezana nezinhlanzi kwezinye izindawo. Indawo eyintandokazi yalezi zinhlanzi amanzi amile, ngakho kulezi zindawo zivame ukutholakala emachibini nasemabhishi. Imifula egeleza ngokushesha ngokuqinisekile ngeke ibe ukunambitheka kwalolu hlobo. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yimifula emincane enamanzi afudumele, lapho ukugeleza kungasheshi ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Namuhla, uma sikhuluma ngezinhlanzi ezincane, ama-cockerels, i-aquarium yangasese isiphenduke indawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile kubo, lapho kuhlala khona izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene manje. By the way, naphezu kwendlela yokuphila ekhuthele enjalo kanye nesimo sobudlova, izinhlanzi zalezi zinhlobo azilungiselwanga ukufuduka ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka. Bakhetha ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa impilo yabo yonke, ngaphandle kokushintsha imikhuba yabo, kufaka phakathi nesikhathi sokuzala. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile ukufuduka kukholamu yamanzi.
Idlani inhlanzi yeqhude?
Isithombe: I-sea fish cock
I-Rooster fish ingeyesigaba sabadlayo. Bangadla i-shellfish, ama-crustaceans, gazinga lezinye izinhlanzi. Futhi, ngeke benqabe ukudla izinhlanzi ezincane (sultanka). Ngaphezu kwalokho: iqhude lasolwandle akulula ukuzingela inyamazane yalo. Yena, njenganoma yisiphi isilwane esidla ezinye, uthola uhlobo lwenjabulo ekuzingeleni.
Ngokushesha nje lapho ekwazi ukudlula isisulu, wenza uhlobo lokugxuma luqonde ngakuye, ehlasela ngokufutheka okuthile. Njengoba iqhude lasolwandle lingelesigaba senhlanzi engezansi, lizingela kuphela ezansi, ngaphandle kokukhuphuka ngale njongo ebusweni bamanzi noma ubukhulu baso obuphakathi.
Ngendlela, ukudla kwama-cockerels amancane kufanele ukunakwa okukhethekile. Abadli kahle ekudleni. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, bangahle bazingele nezinambuzane ezihlala eduzane nobuso bechibi. Ekhaya, noma kunjalo, ama-aquarists alulekwa ngokuqinile ukuthi angabondli ngokweqile. Ziminzile kakhulu futhi azazi isilinganiso, ngakho-ke zingakhuluphala kalula noma zife ngokudla ngokweqile.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izinhlanzi zondla izibungu ezincane, izinambuzane, ama-crustaceans. Ngamafuphi, izinhlanzi ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye, kepha ngeke zilahle ulwelwe, imbewu engangena emanzini. Kepha uma kungenzeka, ngeke badele hhayi kuphela abahlali echibini, kepha nezinambuzane ezindizayo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Iqhude fish female
I-fish cockerel elwayo ilwa kakhulu namanye amadoda. Kungakho abesilisa ababili kungafanele bagcinwe ezindaweni zasemanzini. Ngeke bakwazi ukuzwana ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo.
Ubudlwangudlwangu benhlanzi bufinyelela eqophelweni lokuthi ingangena kalula empini eshubile ngisho nangokubonakala kwayo esibukweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lezi zinhlanzi azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi zijwayelekile. Bahlukaniswa ngumqondo othuthukile, bakhumbula kalula inkosi yabo futhi bangadlala nemidlalo elula. Okuheha kakhulu iqiniso lokuthi amaqhude athanda ukulala ematsheni njengabantu abasemicamelweni. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-cockerel ingaphila iminyaka engafika ku-3-4.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Iqhude lingagxumela kalula emanzini liye ekuphakameni kwamasentimitha ayi-7. Kepha iqhude lasolwandle, ngenxa yamaphiko alo, lingandiza lifike ku-6-7 m ngaphezulu kobuso bamanzi.
Impilo yasolwandle nayo ayinakubizwa ngokuthi eyakudala. Isici sabo esihlukile ukuthi amaqhude asolwandle anomsindo kakhulu. Ukufana kokuthimula, ukububula, ukuduma - yilokho ososayensi abaningi abakubiza ngokuthi ukukhwabanisa (yingakho igama lohlobo).
Ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga, inhlanzi yeqhude iyathanda ukugcwala elangeni eduze kwamanzi. Kodwa ngemuva kokudla, kunalokho, uncamela ukucasha ku-algae ukuze kungabikho muntu ohluphayo. Baphinde bathande ukuba wedwa futhi ababekezeleli imihlambi, njengabafowabo abancane, amaqhude.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Iqhude lezinhlanzi zoLwandle Olumnyama
Izinhlanzi zihlukaniswa ngesimo esithile, kunzima ukuba zixhumane nezinye izakhamuzi echibini, ngakho-ke azikhethi ukuxhumana nabamele ezinye izinhlobo. Esikhundleni salokho, amaqhude ahlala yedwa, akuvamile ukukhwelana namalungu ezinhlobo zawo.
Abesilisa emvelweni baqala ukuzala cishe ezinyangeni ezi-5-6 lapho bevuthwa ngokocansi. Uma sikhuluma ngokuzalanisa ekhaya, lapho kuzaliswa kuzodingeka ukudala izimo ezikhethekile, ngoba izinhlanzi zikhetha kakhulu kule ndaba.
Ngokuzalanisa izinhlanzi, le mibandela elandelayo iyadingeka:
- amanzi afudumele;
- indawo eyimfihlo yokwenza isidleke;
- ukuhwalala.
Izinhlanzi zikhetha ngokucophelela indawo yokuzala, zinikeze ukuthanda amanzi ngamazinga okushisa azungeze ama-degree angama-30 ngokukhanya okungafanele. Amathanga ezitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi kanye nemigodi afanelekile ukuhlomisa uhlobo lwesidleke. Phambilini owesilisa uqala ukwakha uhlobo lwesidleke: amabhamuza omoya axhunywe ngamathe akhe komunye nomunye.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uqala ukusondela kowesifazane, kancane kancane "emgona" futhi ekhipha amaqanda amaningi, awadlulisele esidlekeni abuyele kwelilandelayo. Lapho umsebenzi usuqedile, insikazi iyabhukuda ihambe, kodwa owesilisa uhlala egade isidleke sakhe. Ngendlela, uzozinakekela izingane isikhashana ngemuva kokuzalwa.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Iduna lingubaba okhathalelayo kangangokuba uyakwazi ukuxosha insikazi ngesidleke ngentshiseko kangangokuba ize imbulale.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-1.5, gazinga lizoqhekeka, kuthi ngemuva kolunye usuku, leli gwebu lokuvikela ligcine liqhume futhi bazokwazi ukuzihlalela bodwa. Kepha ngezinhlobo zasolwandle, konke kuhluke kakhulu. Bakhula ngokugcwele ngocansi cishe ngeminyaka engu-4 ubudala. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, yize bengahlali nabazali babo, ababambiqhaza ekuzaleni nasekuphileni ngokujwayelekile njengabantu abadala.
Isikhathi esisodwa, owesifazane omdala ubeka cishe amaqanda amancane ayizinkulungwane ezingama-300. Ububanzi balowo nalowo cishe buba yi-1.3-1.6 mm (kufaka phakathi ukwehla kwamafutha). Amaqhude asolwandle aya kozalela ehlobo. Amaqanda avuthwa ngokwesilinganiso cishe isonto eli-1, ngemuva kwalokho gazinga livela kuwo.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Noma lincane kakhulu, i-sea cock gazinga ifana ngokuphelele ngokubukeka kwabantu abadala.
Izitha zemvelo zenhlanzi zeqhude
Isithombe: I-Rooster fish
Ngaphandle kokuziphatha okunolaka kwezinhlanzi, zisenezitha ezimbalwa emvelweni. Yize uvame ukuthola ukugcizelelwa eqinisweni lokuthi ingozi enkulu kubo ngumuntu, kusekhona ezinye izitha eziningi. Ngendlela, umuntu ubuye abe yingozi ngokungaqondile. Ngokukhipha amadamu ngemisebenzi yawo, okwenza imvelo ibe mibi ngokwengeziwe, umuntu uyakwazi ukudala umonakalo omkhulu kulezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo.
Kunzima impela ukusho ngqo ukuthi iziphi izitha ezilindele inhlanzi yeqhude emvelweni. Sikhuluma ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezidla ezinye. Empilweni yasolwandle, lezi kungaba izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinkulu kakhulu. Futhi, echibini loLwandle Olumnyama, amahlengethwa awabanaki abamele lolu hlobo.
Uma sikhuluma ngama-cockerels anamanzi angenasawoti, khona-ke ngisho nezilwane ezincane ezidla ezinye zingaba yingozi kubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingozi isekulaleleni izilwane ezidla ezinye, izinyoni ezingakunaki ukudla izinhlanzi ezingahlala emanzini angajulile.
Okubi kakhulu kule nhlanzi ukuthi inombala ogqamile. Udonsela ukunakwa okukhethekile kuye ezitheni, cishe akakwazi ukuhlala engabonwa ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. Izakhamizi zasolwandle, ezinamaphiko acijile, azikwazi ukusiza njalo - akunzima ukuhlangabezana nazo ngenxa yokuhamba kancane ngokweqile.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Iqhude lezinhlanzi ezibomvu
Njengoba indawo yokuhlala izinhlanzi zeqhude ikude kakhulu nendawo eyodwa, kunzima kakhulu ukuzibala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi liseqoqweni langasese noma lisanda kuzalwa. Yingakho kungenakwenzeka ukusho ngqo ukuthi bangaki abamele lezi zinhlobo ezikhona emvelweni namuhla.
Kungaziwa ukuthi ezimweni zemvelo, amaqhude asolwandle ahlala kakhulu. Zivikelwe ngokwengeziwe futhi zivumelane nempilo, kuyilapho ama-bettas aseSiamese ecishe abe sengozini ngokuphelele ezinsongweni zangaphandle.
Kepha lokhu kusebenza kuphela empilweni yezinhlobo ezimweni zemvelo. Uma sikhuluma ngokuhlola inani labantu lilonke, khona-ke kuzoba nama-cockerels amaningi kakhulu, ngoba inani elikhulu labamele izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene bahlala ezindaweni zasemanzini ezizimele.
Ngaphandle kokuthandwa okunjalo nokuzalaniswa kokuzenzela kwabamele, inhlanzi yeqhude ingeyohlobo oludinga ukuvikelwa okukhethekile. Izizathu zihlobene ngqo nokungena kwabantu ezinhlanzini.
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi inhlanzi yeqhude lasolwandle inenyama enambitheka njengenkukhu. Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi lezi zinhlobo seziphenduke indawo edumile yokudoba. Abadobi abavinjelwa inani elincipha ngokushesha lezinhlanzi, ngoba into eyinhloko ukubamba isibiliboco.
Unogada wenhlanzi
Isithombe: Iqhude lezinhlanzi elivela eRed Book
Abamele lolu hlobo kudala babalwa kuRed Book. Isizathu sokuncipha okuphawulekayo kwenani labamele izinhlobo zezinhlobo umbala wazo ongajwayelekile nokuziphatha kwabo okungajwayelekile. Akunandaba ukuthi hlobo luni lwama-subspecies esikhuluma ngalo, badinga ukuvikelwa ezifundazweni. Ngalesi sizathu, kunezinyathelo eziningi ezivikela izinhlanzi ekungangeni kwabantu. Uma sikhuluma ngamaqhude asolwandle, inani labo liyancipha ngenxa yezici zokunambitheka. Inyama yale nhlanzi iyisibiliboco esaziwayo, ngakho sekuyisikhathi eside iyinto yokudoba.
Izinhlobo eziningi ziyanyamalala emithonjeni yemvelo, njengoba ziphelela emaqoqweni angasese. Kulokhu, umsebenzi ophambili abazibekela wona ama-aquarists ukuzala zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ukuze kutholakale imibala emihle. Kodwa, okokuqala, ngenxa yezici zabo zomzimba, ama-nzalo ahlali isikhathi eside, futhi, okwesibili, konke lokhu kuholela ekwehleni okuphawulekayo kwabamele izinhlobo zakudala. Ngenxa yalokho, kunezinhlanzi ezimbalwa futhi ezimbalwa ngendlela yazo yoqobo.
Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi sisebenzele ukukhuphula inani lezinhlobo ezivamile zezinhlanzi zeqhude. Ukubamba lezi zinhlanzi akuvumelekile, njengokubulala noma ukudala noma yimuphi omunye umonakalo. Kepha noma kunjalo, lokhu akuqinisekisi ngomphumela ophelele. Kunzima kakhulu ukuvikela izinhlanzi ezitheni zabo zemvelo, kanye nokuzinikeza izimo ezifanele zokuphila. Ngenxa yokuthambekela okujwayelekile kokufudumala, amadamu amaningi ayoma, ngaleyo ndlela ancisha izinhlanzi zeqhude emakhaya abo futhi azibulale. Yingakho kukholakala ukuthi ukugcina ukulingana kwemvelo kungumsebenzi oyinhloko wabantu.
Kalula nje, imisebenzi esemqoka yabantu ekuvikeleni inani le-cockfish yile:
- ukulinganiselwa kokubamba;
- ukuvikelwa kwamachibi lapho kuhlala khona izinhlobo zezinhlobo;
- ukujwayelekile kwesimo semvelo.
Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okumangazayo, lezi zinhlanzi ziheha ukunakwa kwabo bobabili abasemanzini nabadobi.Kubalulekile ukuvikela lezi zinhlobo ezimangazayo ukuze zikulondoloze ezimweni zemvelo, ngoba bambalwa abanye bezakhamuzi zalokujulile abangaqhathaniswa nalezi zidalwa ezingavamile.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/20/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 20.08.2019 ngo-23: 14
