Igundane laseGambia - enye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke emndenini wamagundane, kepha ngasikhathi sinye enobungane kakhulu. Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bamagundane aseGambia, baba usongo olukhulu ezinhlotsheni zomdabu (ikakhulukazi ezizalanayo) nezitshalo, ikakhulukazi uma zihlasela izwekazi laseFlorida.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Igundane laseGambia
Amagundane aseGambia atholakala enkabeni ye-Afrika, ezindaweni eziseningizimu yoGwadule iSahara naseNingizimu eningizimu yeZululand. Lokhu kufaka amazwe afana neNigeria namanye.
Amagundane aseGambia agubha izilwane. Zikhetha izindawo ezipholile, ezomile nezimnyama ngemigodi yazo, njengoba zizwela ukushisa. Ebangeni labo lokuzalwa eNigeria, amagundane aseGambia atholakala emahlathini ahlazekile, emahlathini nasezindaweni ezingaphandle, ezindaweni ezisogwini futhi kwesinye isikhathi eduze kwezindawo zokuhlala abantu. Imigodi yakhiwa eduze kwezimpande zezihlahla ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi izintende zikawoyela neziqu zezihlahla ezifile. Futhi bahlala ezindaweni eziseduze nezindunduma zomuhlwa, mhlawumbe ngoba lezi zindawo zihlala zomile futhi zipholile ngesikhathi semvula.
Ividiyo: Igundane laseGambia
Lezi zinhlobo zivame kakhulu endaweni engokwemvelo yendawo eseGrassi Key. Ngokusobala, azihlali ezihlahleni ezinomswakama nasezindaweni zemihlume. Futhi zibhalisiwe ezindaweni eziguquliwe nezithuthukisiwe. Kungenzeka bangadingi ukudala imingxunya yabo eFlorida Keys, njengoba ukwakheka kwe-limestone, izihlahla, izindawo zokuhlala zabantu, nezinqwaba zemfucumfucu ziyizindawo ezinhle.
Igundane laseGambia, elibizwa nangokuthi igundane lase-Afrika, lingenye yamagundane amakhulu emndenini kaMouse onobude obumaphakathi cishe obuyi-1 m kufaka phakathi umsila. Igundane laseGambia lingaba nesisindo esingafika ku-4 kg, esilingana nekati elincane elifuywayo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Kubukeka kanjani igundane laseGambia
Amagundane aseGambia angamagundane amakhulu avela e-Afrika. Ziyizilwane zasendle ezikwazi ukukhula zilingane nenja encane. Amagundane aseGambia awasona isilwane esihle, kepha amanye asagcina emakhaya.
Amagundane aseGambia ayalingana ngobukhulu namanye amagundane amakhulu ase-Afrika futhi avame ukudideka ngalezi zinhlobo. Amagundane aseGambia anoboya obumnyama obundindilizayo nendandatho emnyama emehlweni abo, ngokungafani namagundane ase-Afrika, anengubo ethambile empunga enoboya obumhlophe esiswini. Imisila yawo emide inesikhumba futhi inamakhanda amancane anamehlo amancane. Ngokungafani namanye amagundane, amagundane aseGambia anezikhwama zezihlathi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Isici esiyinhloko somzimba wamagundane aseGambia yizikhwama zawo ezinkulu zezihlathi. Lezi zinkwama zingakhula ziye kosayizi abakhulu kakhulu, zivumele amagundane aseGambia ukuthi aphathe inani elikhulu lokudla lapho kudingeka.
Ekuthunjweni, la magundane aqala ukukhombisa ukwehluka kombala. Lezi zinguquko zifaka imivimbo emincane kanye nezimagqabhagqabha emahlombe nasezinqeni, ukumakwa okuncane okumhlophe ekhanda okufana nechashazi phakathi kwamehlo noma amalangabi, futhi nezinguquko eziya kokumnyama ngokuphelele ziyatholakala. Isici sawo esihluke kakhulu, esivamile ezinhlotsheni ezifuywayo nezasendle, yimisila yawo yamathoni amabili. Cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zomsila zimnyama kanti ingxenye yesithathu yokugcina iphaphathekile noma imhlophe kakhulu.
Abesifazane nabesilisa bavame ukuba nosayizi ofanayo, nge-dimorphism encane yezocansi. Amagundane aseGambia angafinyelela osayizi aze afike ku-910 mm noma ngaphezulu, kufaka phakathi umsila. Lawa magundane nawo anamafutha amancane kakhulu, okungenzeka kube yisizathu sokuthambekela kwawo ekubambeni amakhaza. Isici esivelele segundane laseGambia umsila waso ongenazinwele, ocishe ube uhhafu wobude besilwane buphelele. Njengesilwane sasebusuku, igundane laseGambia aliboni kahle, kodwa linomuzwa ojulile wokuhogela nokuzwa.
Ihlala kuphi igundane laseGambia?
Isithombe: Gambian Hamster Rat
Amagundane aseGambia angatholakala ezindaweni ezahlukene eziseduze nezinto ezenziwe ngabantu noma ehlathini. Izindawo zabo zokucasha zingaphansi komhlaba futhi, njengomthetho, ezindaweni ezinomthunzi kakhulu ukugcina umgodi upholile futhi uvikelekile. Njenge-omnivore, igundane laseGambia lingaphila ngokudla okuhlukahlukene, okukuvumela ukuthi lizalele ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene lapho kunezinambuzane ezingenamgogodla ezincane noma izimila.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ezwenikazi layo lase-Afrika, igundane laseGambia lisetshenziselwa ukuthola izimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba.
Ukunikeza ikheji elihle lamagundane elihle ekhaya, kungaba yinselele. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi noma ngabe kunekheji enkulu, amagundane azodinga ukuyishiya nsuku zonke ukuze axhumane futhi ahambe. Lawa magundane angaqala ukuhlafuna noma yini ayibonayo nxazonke, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ubabhekisisa lapho bengaphandle kwekheji. Izidingo eziyisisekelo zekheji zincane: lapho isikhala esiningi segundane laseGambia linalo, kungcono.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Amagundane aseGambia ahlala ekuthunjweni cishe iminyaka engu-5-7, yize amanye aziwa ukuthi aphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-8. Isikhathi sokuphila kwala magundane endle kunzima ukusibhala ngenxa yobuncane balezi zilwane futhi ngoba zivame ukuzingelwa ngabantu bomdabu.
Manje uyazi lapho kuhlala khona amagundane aseGambia. Ake sibone ukuthi sizobondla ngani.
Idlani igundane laseGambia?
Isithombe: Igundane le-marsupial laseGambia
Igundane laseGambia likhulu nolaka isilwane esidala usongo olukhulu ezitshalweni nasezinhlotsheni ezincane zomdabu ezitholakala eFlorida. Izinhlobo eziningi ezisengozini kakhulu zisengcupheni yegundane laseGambia ngenxa yekhono lalo lokuncintisana ngezinsizakusebenza, kuhlangene nokuzala kwalo okuphezulu.
Igundane laseGambia lehlukile kwamanye amagundane emandleni alo okugcina okusanhlamvu nokudla ezikhwameni zezihlathi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi wandise ukudla okudlayo ngasikhathi sinye futhi wandise namathuba okulimala kwezitshalo.
Amagundane aseGambia angama-omnivores futhi aziwa ukuthi adla:
- imifino;
- izinambuzane;
- izinkalankala;
- iminenke;
- imbewu yesundu nezithelo zesundu.
Uma ugcina amagundane aseGambia ekhaya, khumbula ukuthi adinga amaprotheni amaningi kunabafowabo abancane. Zidla omnivorous endle, zondla ngayo yonke into kusuka ekudleni kwezitshalo kuya ezinambuzaneni nakwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane. Izilwane ezigcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo zidla imifino ehlukahlukene, izithelo, amantongomane, imbewu, okusanhlamvu nenyama, kanye namaqanda. Kufanele uthintane nodokotela mayelana nokudla okufanele kwesilwane esithile. Izinduku zithanda nokumba kudoti ezansi kwekheji bese zibeka ukudla lapho.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Igundane lase-Gambia lase-Afrika
Amagundane aseGambia yizilwane ezihamba ebusuku, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi azibekezeleli kakhulu noma nokushisa okukhulu kosuku olujwayelekile lwase-Afrika. Cishe azisebenzi emini futhi ziyahamba ebusuku ziyofuna ukudla. Amagundane aseGambia ajwayele ukusebenzisa uhlelo olubanzi lwemigudu noma izihlahla eziyize ukwenza izidleke zawo, lapho aphumula khona emini bese ephuma ebusuku ayofuna ukudla. Lezi zidleke zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezipholile, ezinikeza ubufakazi obengeziwe bokungabekezelelani kokushisa.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amagundane aseGambia athola inani elicishe lifane nesenzo sokudlulisa njengoba enza kusitoreji sokudla. Lokhu kuholela emaphethini wokudideka lapho ukudla kuningi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Izikhwama ezingaphakathi kwezihlathi zamagundane aseGambia zingabamba ngaphezu kwe-100 ml lapho zigcwalisiwe, zivumele ukuthi zithwale ukudla okuningi ngesikhathi esincane. Ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi amagundane aseGambia angathutha ama-3 kg emahoreni amabili nohhafu.
Amagundane aseGambia nawo angabagibeli nabagibeli abahle kakhulu futhi anganqoba kalula amamitha ama-2. Bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane bayindawo enkulu. Yize amagundane aseGambia ethanda ukuba wedwa endle, abesifazane bavame ukwakha amaqembu amakhulu aqukethe omama abaningi kanye nodoti wabo, kuyilapho abesilisa bevame ukuhlala bodwa. Lawa magundane azivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha njengokuthunjwa. Amagundane aseGambia nawo aziwa ngokugoqana lapho amazinga okushisa ehla. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwawo okunamafutha amancane, awafudumali kalula.
Njengoba amagundane aseGambia emisha ekuthunjweni, angalindeleka kancane ekhaya kunamanye amagundane, futhi amandla abo angahluka kuye ngomuntu ngamunye. Yize zivame ukuba yizilwane ezifuywayo, amanye amagundane aseGambia ahlala enamahloni noma abe nolaka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, zilungele ukuqeqeshwa, ngemuva kwalokho amagundane amaningi aba nobungane futhi aphatheka kalula.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Gub Rat Cub
Ukukhwelana ngamagundane aseGambia kubandakanya ukwakheka kwesibopho sokubhangqa komphakathi phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane oyedwa. Owesilisa uvamise ukuhogela noma akhothe izindawo zesifazane ngaphambi kokuzama ukuhlangana naye. Amagundane aseGambia akhombisa nokuziphatha okwehlukile kokuthandana. Owesilisa nowesifazane bavame ukuma baqonde futhi baklwebelane bese bexoshana kuze kube yilapho owesifazane ekulungele ukukhwelana. Uma owesifazane engalaleli noma enqaba owesilisa, uluma umsila wakhe ngaphambi kokuba kuqale isimilo sokuqomisana.
Amagundane aseGambia ajwayele ukuzala ehlobo. Umjikelezo we-estrous uhlala kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuye kwezingu-15. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umjikelezo we-estrous uvame ukungajwayelekile futhi ubonakale uthonywa yizinto eziningi zangaphandle, kufaka phakathi imvelo. Ezinye izinto zifaka ukuba khona kwabesilisa nokuthunjwa. Abesifazane bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi cishe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha futhi ngokuvamile banezicucu ezingaba ngu-9 ngonyaka. Isikhathi sokumitha cishe izinsuku ezingama-30 kuye kwangama-32. Izinsikazi nazo zinolaka olukhulu lapho zizala amawundlu.
Amagundane amancane aseGambia azalwa engenaboya, ngamehlo nezindlebe ezivaliwe. Umsila omude wesici awukhombisi ukukhula okuphawulekayo kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-30-35. Amehlo awavuli kuze kube cishe izinsuku ezingama-21 zokukhula, yize ama-juveniles evuthwe ngokuphelele futhi enezindlebe ezivulekile ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14.
Owesifazane unikeza ukunakekelwa kwabazali okukhulu kakhulu, kokubili njengomthombo wemfudumalo yentsha enqunu futhi njengomthombo wobisi. Insikazi ibuye ishintshe indlela edla ngayo ngaphambi kokulumula amawundlu ayo, ikhethe ukudla okunomsoco. Ngakolunye uhlangothi owesilisa akanandaba nezingane. Iyabekezelela kakhulu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi iyabulala futhi idle izingane. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu kwabesifazane.
Izitha zemvelo zamagundane aseGambia
Isithombe: Kubukeka kanjani igundane laseGambia
Azikho izidumbu zangempela endle ezibhekise amagundane aseGambia. Yize kube nezigameko ezimbalwa ezibikiwe zenyoni edla inyama noma esinye isilwane esidla amagundane aseGambia, imvamisa ziyahlangana futhi ziyizitha ezesabekayo kulabo abangaba yizilwane. Umzingeli omkhulu wamagundane aseGambia ngabantu, abantu bomdabu base-Afrika. La magundane athathwa njengesibiliboco futhi avamise ukuzingelwa ukudla. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kumnandi impela, bayazingelwa futhi bakhuliswe emapulazini ukuze bathole inyama yabo, okuholele ekwehleni okukhulu kwabantu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayoEmphakathini wezesayensi, amagundane aseGambia avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa futhi anikeze ulwazi oluningi mayelana nokuma komzimba nokuziphatha kwamagundane.
Amagundane aseGambia akhonza ukulawula izinambuzane, kepha futhi aphatha nembewu yezitshalo ezahlukahlukene lapho edla izithelo ezivelayo. Izimpethu eziningana zihlala emgodini wamathumbu ala magundane, kepha iStrongyloides yiyona evame kakhulu kulezi.
Ucwaningo lukhombise nokuba khona okuncane kwezikelemu phakathi kwezinye izinambuzane.
Ezinye izimuncagazi zifaka phakathi:
- i-xenopsylla cheopis;
- i-aspicularis tetraptera;
- ixodes rasus;
- i-ornithonyssus bacoti.
I-Hymenolepis ivame ukutholakala emathunjini amancane egundane, kuyilapho i-Aspicularis itholakala ku-rectum nakwikholoni.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Igundane laseGambia
Amagundane ayisishiyagalombili aseGambia akhululwa ngengozi ngo-1999 ngumfuyi ongaziwa eFlorida. Ochwepheshe bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi igundane laseGambia yilona elibhekele igciwane le-monkeypox ngo-2003 elalivame kakhulu ezinjeni zasemathafeni ezathengwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokho, ukusatshalaliswa nokuthengiswa kwamagundane angenisiwe kwavinjelwa eFlorida.
Amagundane aseGambia njengamanje avinjelwe ekuhambeni kwawo eFlorida ngenxa yemingcele yemvelo evimbela ukufudukela ezweni laseFlorida. Akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukuthi amagundane awele amabhuloho emigwaqo aye ezwekazini iFlorida, ngakho-ke ochwepheshe bendawo basebenzela ukuqeda inani labantu elingalodwa ngaphambi kokusabalala. Izindlela zokuphatha ezihamba phambili umuthi wobuthi wamagundane uma kusolwa ukuthi kungenwe yisifo nokwaziswa ngokushesha kweziphathimandla zezinhlanzi nezilwane zasendle ukusiza ekuqothuleni abantu.
Amagundane aseGambia kwesinye isikhathi abhekwa njengesinambuzane ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni, lapho angangena khona ezindle. Ezindaweni zasemakhaya, zingabhubhisa izitshalo futhi zenze imisele emhlabathini owomisa inhlabathi futhi ubulale izitshalo. Amagundane aseGambia avame ukuhlala ezibayeni nakwezinye izakhiwo zepulazi, okungaholela ekulimaleni kwempahla. Amagundane aseGambia asengozini yokuzingelwa ngokweqile, kepha ngenxa yesikhathi sabo sokuzala ngokushesha, inani labantu alikafiki ezingeni lezinsongo ezibucayi noma ezinye izinto.
Igundane laseGambia - isilwane esidabuka e-Afrika, esalethwa eFlorida, e-USA. Le igundane elikhulu, elizala kakhulu futhi elimazayo liyingozi emiphakathini yezemvelo. Futhi siyisifo sezifo eziningi ezithinta abantu, futhi kungenzeka sibe yisilokazane sezolimo uma sifinyelela ezwekazini iFlorida.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/09/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/29/2019 ngo-12: 33
