I-Polish Lowland Sheepdog (i-Polish Lowland Sheepdog, i-Polish Polski Owczarek Nizinny, nayo eyi-PON) iyinja engumalusi ophakathi nendawo, o-shaggy odabuka ePoland. Njengezinhlobo eziningi zezinja ezinesikhathi esidlule, imvelaphi ngqo ayicaci.
Umlando wozalo
ISheepdog yasePoland Lowland kukholakala ukuthi ivela kolunye lwezinhlobo zezinja zaseTibetan (iTibetan Terrier) kanye nezinhlobo zokufuya zaseHungary ezifana neBullet neKomondor. Lezi zinhlobo zaseHungary zazibukeka ngendlela ehlukile, njengoba zazinezinwele ezinde ezilukiwe zaba yizintambo, ezazingazihlukanisi nje kuphela nezakhi zemvelo, kodwa futhi zanikeza nokuvikelwa ezilwaneni eziyingozi ezifana nezimpisi namabhere.
Izimvu ezeluswayo ezinkulu zasePoland Lowland zazisetshenziselwa ukuqapha imihlambi, kuyilapho ezincane zaziqeqeshelwa ukudlisa izimvu. Kukholelwa ukuthi inja engumalusi yayikhona amakhulu amaningi eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kukhulunywe okokuqala ngalolu hlobo, olwenzeka ngekhulu le-13.
Lolu hlobo lwaziwa ngokuba mnene ngokukhethekile emisebenzini yalo yokwalusa, imvamisa lisebenzisa ukuqhuma okuncane ukwenza ukuthi izimvu zihambe ngendlela efanele.
Ngenxa yalobumnene obunamandla nokusebenza kwabo emkhakheni, yasetshenziselwa ukudala ezinye izinhlobo zokufuya ezakhiwe ngaleso sikhathi, njenge-Old English Shepherd neBearded Collie.
Kukholakala ukuthi ukuvela kwalolu hlobo eziQhingini zaseBrithani nasemlandweni obhaliwe kwaqala ngo-1514, lapho umthengisi wasePoland ogama lakhe linguKazimierz Grabski eletha inqwaba yokusanhlamvu eScotland ngesikebhe.
Okusanhlamvu bekuzoshintshaniswa ngomhlambi wezimvu, ngakho-ke uGrabski uthathe abelusi abayisithupha basePoland bahamba naye ukuze basize ukuhambisa umhlambi ensimini baye emkhunjini oboshelwe ogwini. Kwakungesikhathi senqubo yokuhambisa izimvu lapho ziya khona ngasolwandle lapho umphakathi waseScotland weza ukuzozibuka lezi zingakaze zibonwe yizinja.
AbaseScotland bahlabeka umxhwele kakhulu ngamakhono abo kangangokuba baphendukela eGrabski ngesicelo sokuthenga izithandani ezizalanayo. Ukushintshanisa izinja, banikela ngenqama nemvu. Ngemuva kwezingxoxo ezithile, isivumelwano sashaywa: abelusi bathola izimbuzi ezimbili zezimvu zasePoland ngokushintshanisa ngenqama nemvu. Izinja ezitholwe ngale ndlela zizongena eBritish Isles okokuqala ngqa.
Emakhulwini eminyaka ambalwa alandelayo, iSheepdog yase-Lowland yasePoland izowelwa nezinja zomdabu zaseScotland ukukhiqiza umugqa wezinja zokwelusa iScotland.
Kulezi zinja zokwelusa zaseScotland, edume kakhulu mhlawumbe iBearded Collie, kanti iPoland Low Sheepdog ithathwa njengokhokho wayo wokuqala. I-Plains Sheepdog yasePoland nayo kukholakala ukuthi ibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo ezifana ne-Welsh Collie, i-Old English Shepherd neBobtail, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ibambe iqhaza elikhulu ekwakhiweni kwemigqa eminingi yokwelusa i-UK.
Yize iPoland Low Sheepdog ekuqaleni yathuthuka njengenja eyelusayo, inguhlobo lwezinto ezahlukahlukene ezagcina ziqeqeshelwe ukwalusa nezinkomo.
Lolu hlobo lwahlala luthandwa ezweni lakubo, ePoland; kodwa-ke, akakaze athole udumo oluningi ngaphandle kwakhe, ngaphandle kwawo wonke amakhono akhe nokubaluleka kwakhe njengohlobo lokufuya. Impi Yezwe I izothwala kanzima iYurophu nomhlaba wonke.
Ngemuva kwempi, iPoland izophinde ithole inkululeko futhi umuzwa wokuziqhenya ngezwe uzoqiniswa phakathi kwezakhamizi zaseYurophu. IPoland, kanye namanye amazwe amaningi, isiqale ukukhombisa intshisekelo ezinjeni ezivela ezweni labo. Abathandi boMalusi wasePoland baqala ukugxila ekukhuleni kohlobo lwendawo.
Kodwa-ke, iMpi Yezwe Yesibili yaba nomthelela omubi ngendlela engesihle ePoland Lowland Sheepdog. Ukubhujiswa kweYurophu kanye nokulahleka kwempilo kuzosekelwa ukulahleka kwezinhlobo eziningi ezingavamile.
Kukholakala ukuthi ngasekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II, kwase kusele izinja zezimvu eziyi-150 kuphela ezisePoland ezisezweni.
Ukuphendula, iPoland Kennel Club yaqala ukufuna amalungu asele ohlobo ngo-1950. Ngokubona ukuthi lolu hlobo lwalusenkingeni enkulu, baqala ukuqoqa imininingwane nganoma yiziphi izinja ezelusayo ezazisinda ezazingatholakala.
Kanjalo, leli qembu laqala imizamo yokuvuselela imfuyo ekuqothulweni.
Ilungu eliqavile laleli qembu nalabo okuvame ukubongwa ukuthi bahole umzamo wokusindisa kwakungudokotela wezilwane waseNyakatho Poland uDkt Danuta Hrynewicz. Uzinikele kulolu hlobo futhi wasesha kakhulu ePoland ukuthola noma iziphi izinhlobo ezisele ezihambelana nemingcele yokuzalanisa. Umphumela wemizamo yakhe ukuthi wakwazi ukuthola izinja ezifanele eziyisishiyagalombili ezizalisayo, abesifazane abayisithupha nabesilisa ababili; izinja uDkt Khrynevich azokusebenzisa ukubuyisa uhlobo.
Omunye wabesilisa owatholwa nguKhrynevich, ogama lakhe lingu "Smok" (elihunyushwe lisuselwa kusiPolish - "udrako"), waba nguyise wezibi eziyishumi phakathi nawo-1950. UHrynevich ubheke uSmoka njengesibonelo esihle sePolish Lowland Sheepdog.
Wayenomzimba omuhle kakhulu futhi enobumnene; Uphelele ngokomzimba, uSmoke wabeka indinganiso elandelwa yizo zonke izinja zezimvu zasePoland Lowland ezalandela, futhi zaba yisisekelo sezinga lokuqala lokubhala elibhaliwe. Izinga elifanayo lokufuya kamuva lamukelwa yiFédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) ngo-1959. Ukubhema kuthathwa ngokuthi "ngubaba" wohlobo lomalusi olusezingeni eliphansi lasePoland nokhokho wabo bonke abamele abaphila ngalolu hlobo.
Imizamo yokuhlenga nokwazisa iMvu yasePoland yase-Lowland yaholela ekukhuleni okulingene kokuthandwa kohlobo ngo-1970. Ngo-1979, uMalusi wasePoland ekugcineni wafika eMelika.
Ukwakhiwa kweAmerican Polish Lowland Sheepdog Club (APONC), ezoba yiklabhu yabazali yalolu hlobo, futhi iklabhu lesibili elibizwa ngePoland Lowland Sheepdog Club of America (PLSCA) lizoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa futhi likhuthaze ukuzalanisa eMelika.
I-American Kennel Club (AKC) yaqala yafaka iPolish Lowland Sheepdog encwadini yayo yezimvu ngo-1999, kwathi ngo-2001 yamukela ngokusemthethweni lolu hlobo njengelungu leqembu lokwalusa.
Incazelo
ISheepdog yasePoland yasePoland iyinja ephakathi nendawo, eyakhiwe yaqina. Abesilisa bacishe babe ngu-45-50 cm lapho bebuna futhi benesisindo esingaba ngu-18-22 kg. Izinsikazi zingaphansi kancane kwamasentimitha angama-42 kuye kwangama-47 lapho zibuna futhi zinesisindo esingu-12 kuye ku-18 kg. Luhlobo oluphilayo olukhombisa ubuhlakani nokuzola kuzo zonke izici zokuziphatha kwalo.
Inja inokhakhayi olubanzi oluncane futhi oluyingosi ngokuma okuhlukile. Ikhanda liphakathi nendawo ngosayizi futhi limbozwe izinwele ezi-shaggy eziningi ezilenga phezu kwamehlo, izihlathi nesilevu.
Lokhu kunikeza ikhanda elilinganayo lohlobo ukubonakala likhulu kunalokho eliyikho empeleni. Amehlo e-oval ayaqonda futhi angaba ngamabala ahlukene ansundu. Zimaphakathi ngosayizi namarimu amnyama. Amakhala avulekile abanzi atholakala ekhaleni elimnyama.
Umhlathi uqinile futhi unesilonda esigcwele; Izindebe kufanele zicindezelwe ngokuqinile futhi zibe mnyama. Izindlebe zimise okwenhliziyo nobude obuphakathi nendawo. Zilenga eduze kwezihlathi, zibanzi emqheleni futhi zihlala phezulu ekhanda.
Yize ibukeka imfishane ngenxa yengubo eningi yalolu hlobo, inja inentamo emisipha futhi ngokulingene ende. Amahlombe abuyiselwe emuva anemisipha futhi ahlangana abe ngamathambo nemilenze yangaphambili eqondile. Isifuba sijulile, kepha asiyisicaba futhi asimile njengomgqomo. Ukhalo luqinile futhi lubanzi. Izinyawo zimile okweqanda, zinamapayipi aqinile nezinzipho ezimnyama. Izinzwani kufanele zilingane kahle futhi zibonise i-arch encane. ISheepdog yasePoland yasePoland ivame ukuzalwa inomsila omfushane. Itholakala iphansi emzimbeni.
Inja idlala ijazi elimbili. Ingubo yangaphansi eminyene kufanele ithambe, kuyilapho ijazi langaphandle liqinile futhi limelana nesimo sezulu. Umzimba wonke umbozwe uboya obude, obukhulu. Izinwele ezinde zimboza amehlo alolu hlobo. Yonke imibala yejazi yamukelekile, okuvame kakhulu isisekelo esimhlophe esinamabala anemibala.
Uhlamvu
Uhlobo olunamandla olugcwele umdlandla, uMalusi uyasebenza futhi uqaphile. Ekuqaleni yakhuliswa njengenja yokuqapha neyokwalusa, iPolish Lowland Sheepdog ihlala ilungele ukusebenza futhi iyathanda ukusebenza.
Abantu abakhuthele bakulungele kangcono ukuba ngabanikazi, ngoba lolu hlobo aluyona uhlobo lokuvilapha. Inja incamela ukuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle, futhi uma ingabungazwa kahle, ingangena enkingeni ifuna ukuzijabulisa noma umsebenzi wokwenza.
Uma inja ingenawo “umsebenzi,” ingaba yisicefe futhi ingaphumuli. Uma umalusi wezimvu wasePoland ongaphansi engatholi umsebenzi owanele womzimba, ungalimaza; ukucekela phansi izinto endlini noma ukumba ngokweqile egcekeni.
Unamandla amaningi ngokweqile okusha, futhi uzokwehlisa umoya kancane njengoba ekhula. Lolu hlobo lusebenza futhi lunamandla kukho konke ukuphila kwalo.
Lapho ezalwa njengomgcini wezinkomo, uxwayisa abanikazi bakhe nganoma yimuphi umsebenzi ongajwayelekile futhi "aqaphe" indlu. Umqondo wepakethe unamandla ohlobo futhi uzovikela umhlambi wawo kunoma yiziphi izingozi ezibonakalayo.
Inja ephapheme, uvame ukugcinwa nabantu angabazi futhi adinwe yibo. Bayizinja ezibucayi ngakho-ke bawuthatha ngokungathi sína umsebenzi wabo. Uma ecasukile noma ezwa ukuthi umhlambi usengozini, uyaluma.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMelusi angaluma izithende zamalungu omndeni, ikakhulukazi izingane, njengoba ehlose ukugcina umhlambi ungangeni. Lolu hlobo lokuziphatha, nokho, akumele luthathwe njengolaka, ngoba umuzwa wokwelusa unamandla kangangokuba inja ikholelwa ukuthi yenza okulungile ukugcina ukuhleleka nokuphepha komhlambi wayo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, inja ihamba kahle nezingane, ikakhulukazi lapho ikhuliswa ndawonye. Lolu hlobo lunomusa omnene, onothando futhi ozinzile, okwenza kube ngumngane omuhle wengane.
Njengenja yokwalusa, iPolish Lowland Sheepdog isivumelanise nokusebenza ngokuhlukile kumnikazi wayo. Ngakho-ke, uhlobo lungabonisa uhlamvu nokuzimela okuzimele.
Ngokukhuliswa okunjalo, uthembela ekwahluleleni kwakhe, okunikela kumuzwa oqinile wobuntu enjeni, kanye nesimo esithuthukile sokuthambekela ekubeni nenkani. Uzozama ukulawula umnikazi, okuthi, ngokombono wakhe, unengqondo ebuthakathaka kunaye.
Ngakho-ke, uMalusi udinga umnikazi oqinile, ongenzeleli futhi ongaguquguquki ukusungula ubukhosi obulungile bephakethe.
Ukuqeqeshwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuliseni ngempumelelo futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngumnikazi othembekile nolungile. Uma ukwethembana kutholakala phakathi komnikazi nenja, inja kuzoba lula ukuyiqeqesha futhi isheshe ukuyiqeqesha, ngoba iwuhlobo oluhlakaniphile futhi inesifiso esinamandla sokujabulisa.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, unenkumbulo enhle kakhulu, futhi noma yikuphi ukuziphatha okungafuneki kufanele kulungiswe ngokushesha ukuze kungadideki inja. Edidekile, uMelusi uzonquma yena ngokwakhe ukuthi yini akubheka njengokuziphatha okulungile, ngakho-ke ukuqeqeshwa okucacile nokufingqiwe kuzosiza umhlambi ukuqonda okulindelwe kuwo.
Uhlobo oluhlakaniphile oludinga ukukhuthazeka ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba. Lolu hlobo lufunda ngokushesha futhi luzokwazi ukuqonda ukuqeqeshwa okuyisisekelo kokulalela ngaphandle kwamandla. Lapho esewazi kahle la makhono, uMelusi kufanele aqeqeshelwe amakhono okulalela athuthukile.
Ukuba wuhlobo olunamandla kakhulu futhi olusebenzayo, kuzodinga ukuhamba kabili ngosuku ukuze uhlale ugxile futhi ujabule.
Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile luziphatha kahle nezinye izilwane nezinja, futhi uhambo oluya epaki luvamile kulolu hlobo. Kodwa-ke, uzohlala njalo enakekela ezinye izinja, ngoba lolu hlobo luhlangene ngokwemvelo, futhi ezinye izinja zingase zingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokuncinwa nokudla.
Ukwazi abantu abasha, izindawo nezinto kuzosiza inja yakho isungule isimo esilinganayo nesimnandi. ISheepdog yasePoland Lowland izonamathela ngokujulile emndenini wayo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, futhi izokhombisa ukuvikela kubo. Inja ingumngane omkhulu njengoba ithembekile, inothando, inothando futhi ihlala ebudlelwaneni obuseduze nabangane bayo abangabantu.
Kuyinto eguqukayo. Bazohlala kahle endlini enkulu, nasemafulethini amancane nasemakhondomu, uma beqeqeshwe kahle.
EPoland yangakubo, waba ngumngane othandwayo wabahlala emafulethini. Ungumuntu ohlala naye ngokwanele futhi ocabangelayo. Kodwa-ke, akukhuthazwa ukuqala lolu hlobo kulabo abaqala ukubhekana nokugcina inja noma asebekhulile. Uhlobo oluzimisele ngamandla nolusebenza kakhulu, oludinga umnikazi onolwazi, ozethembayo noqinile.
Ukunakekela
Ayinamabhande uma inganakekelwa kahle, ijazi lidinga ukuxubha izikhathi eziningana ngesonto. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukubambana futhi kusize ukuqeda izinwele ezifile. Uhlobo, yize lunengubo ephindeke kabili, aluthathwa njengokuchitheka kanzima ngakho-ke lungaba luhle kakhulu kulabo abaphethwe ukungezwani komzimba.
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kunikezwe amehlo, izindlebe namazinyo enja ukuthola nokuvikela noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo kulezi zindawo
Ezempilo
Lolu uhlobo lwenja olunempilo kakhulu, oluphila ngokwesilinganiso phakathi kweminyaka eyi-12 nengu-15. Lolu hlobo ludinga ukudla okuphansi kwamaprotheni nomsebenzi owanele ukugcina impilo efanelekile.
Ezinye izinkinga zempilo eziye zabonakala kulolu hlobo zifaka kepha azikhawulelwanga kokulandelayo:
- I-Dysplasia yejoyini le-hip
- Ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-retrophy atrophy
- Isifo sikashukela
- I-Hypothyroidism
