Uphawu lomphefumulo. Yile ndlela abaseGibhithe lasendulo babebona ngayo uklebe. Incazelo ihlotshaniswa nokundiza okuphezulu, okusheshayo kwale nyoni. Emisebeni yelanga, wayebonakala njengesidalwa esingafakwanga esasiphuthuma ezulwini.
Ngakho-ke, imiphefumulo yabaseGibhithe abafile ivezwe ngesimo sama-hawks enamakhanda abantu. Imidwebo efanayo iyatholakala ku-sarcophagi. Lapho-ke kwakungekho ukuhlukaniswa kophondo ngezinhlobo. Abaqaphi bezinyoni banamuhla babala ama-47. Omunye wabo - undlunkulu.
Incazelo nezici zondlunkulu
Sparrowhawk ezithombeni kufana nama-goshawks. Ngokwemvelo, izinyoni azikwazi ukudideka. IGoshawk futhi undlunkulu vula isithombe kubonakala kungosayizi owodwa. Ngokukhetha ukwakheka, "ungenza" iqhawe le-athikili libe ngaphezu kwesihlobo. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, undlunkulu awunasisindo esingaphezu kwama-gramu angama-300, futhi ungamasentimitha angama-40 ubude.
IGoshawk iyi-hawk enkulu enesisindo esingu-1.5 kilograms. Ubude bomzimba wale nyoni ngamasentimitha angama-70.
Uma ubheka kahle, iqhawe le-athikili linemilenze neminwe emide, kunjalo, ngokulingana nesisindo nosayizi we-hawk. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-sparrowhawk incane kakhulu kune-goshawk.
Umbala iqhawe lesi sihloko - mpunga nsundu. Isisu simhlophe ngezimpawu ze-grey-ocher ezigudla ngaso. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kutholakala cishe oklebe abamhlophe. Bahlala ezifundeni zaseSiberia. Lapho, njengakwezinye izindawo, oklebe bazingela ukuzingela ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
I-sparrowhawk ayizingeli izilwane ezibuthakathaka futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ayidli izidumbu. Ukhozi lunentshisekelo yokudla okuqinile, okunempilo. Ngakho-ke, ngeNkathi Ephakathi, le nyoni yaqanjwa ngokuthi iwuphawu lobudlova.
Kwesinye isikhathi iqhawe le-athikili libizwa ngokukhohlisa, ngoba lingahlasela lisuka ekuqamekeleni. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, undlunkulu umele ingqondo. Le nyoni ithanjiswa kalula futhi yaqeqeshwa. Ngakho-ke, i-falconry ihlala isebenza. Ama-Sparrowhawks athathwa kuwo ngenxa yezilwane eziphakathi nendawo. Inyoni uqobo lwayo incane, ayikwazi ukuthola izindebe ezinkulu.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Sparrowhawk - inyoni ukuzulazula, kepha hhayi ukufuduka. Ukuhlala ezweni labo ebusika, oklebe benza "amamashi" befuna ukudla. Zifuna injabulo efanayo yomuntu, izinyoni zihlala zibuyela esifundeni esisodwa. Lapha bakha isidleke futhi bakhulisa inzalo.
Ukuze uhlale unomphela, undlunkulu ukhetha imiphetho. Lezi kungaba emaphethelweni ehlathi eliseduze namasimu, amadamu, imigwaqo. Ukuba khona kwama-conifers aseduze kubalulekile. Iqhawe le-athikili liziba amahlathi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile.
I-athikili ye-athikili ihola impilo yasemini. Ingaphephi emigwaqeni, inyoni ayiwesabi amadolobha. Ondlunkulu bavame ukuchitha ubusika bonke eduze kwabo. Kukhona ukukhiqizwa okuningi ezindaweni zokuhlala. Lezi yizintaka, amagundane nezinkukhu.
Ngokusondela kubo, oklebe kwesinye isikhathi bayakhokha ngempilo yabo, bashaya ngejubane ezintanjeni noma engilazini yezindlu. Kamuva, izinyoni ziyacwila, zifuna ukuthola opholi nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zime emafasiteleni. Amakheji anabo avame ukutholakala eduze kwamawindi. Ama-Sparrowhawks awaboni ama-dampers asobala njengezithiyo, awaziboni.
Izinhlobo ze-Sparrowhawk
Sparrowhawk ayinayo i-subspecies. Iqhawe le-athikili uqobo lwayo luyi-subspecies ye-hawk evamile. Kodwa-ke, abantu bodwa ondlunkulu bangahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngemininingwane yangaphandle. Eminye imnyama futhi inkulu, eminye mincane futhi ilula. Lokhu akuwona ama-subspecies ahlukene, kepha abesifazane nabesilisa. Ku-sparrowhawk, kuvezwa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-dimorphism yezocansi.
Abanye abalindi bezinyoni bayihlukanisa njengama-subspecies ahlukile undlunkulu omncane... Yena, ngokungafani nokujwayelekile, okufudukayo futhi esikhundleni se-conifers ukhetha amahlathi ashubile. Isibalo sabantu abazingelayo sigxile eningizimu yePrimorye.
Abanye ondlunkulu basatshalaliswa ezweni lonke. Esikhundleni samagremu angama-300, inyoni inesisindo esingaba ngamagremu angama-200.
Ngombala nokubukeka, undlunkulu omncane ufana nowejwayelekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lolu hlobo lubizwa ngeSiberia, ngenxa yokuba kude kwalo nemingcele esentshonalanga yeRussia.
Ukudla kweSparrowhawk
Iqhawe lendatshana linegama elitshelayo. Umzingeli uzingela izigwaca. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kudla kuhlanganisa nezinye izinyoni ezincane ezifana nezindlunkulu. I-Sparrowhawk, ngasendleleni, ibhekwa njengesici esiyinhloko sokulawula izinombolo zabo emadolobheni nasendle.
Emazipho oklebe, kungaba nezintaka, izinyoni ezimnyama, ama-lark, ama-titmouse. Kwesinye isikhathi iqhawe lendatshana liyalokotha lihlasele amajuba, ikakhulukazi intsha.
Ukuhlaselwa okusheshayo kwe-hawk kudinga ukuhlushwa okukhulu kwamandla, ukuhamba. Umzingeli uphuma wonke "ngendlela" eyodwa. Uma yehluleka ukubamba ithagethi, uklebe wenqaba ukuluthola. USparrowhawk ubuyela ekuqamekeleni, elinde isisulu esisha.
OKlebe bazingela buthule. Ukuzwa izwi lenyoni kutholakala kuphela entwasahlobo, ngenkathi yokuzalanisa.
Lalela izwi londlunkulu
Ukuziphatha kwezilwane ezisencane nakho kuhlekisa. Ukufunda ukuthola ukudla, oklebe abasebasha bangazingela kusihlwa, bengayinaki indlela yabo yokuphila. Ngakho-ke, uma kubonakala undlunkulu endizeni ngemuva kwesibhakabhaka sokushona kwelanga, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu usemncane.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ondlunkulu bazalela amaqanda ngoMeyi. Eminyakeni ebandayo, ukuzalanisa kuqala ekupheleni kwenyanga, futhi eminyakeni efudumele - ekuqaleni.
Ngokwayo izalela amaqanda ama-3-6 amhlophe anebala elimpunga enobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-3.5. Zibafukamela inyanga nenyanga. Ngokunjalo, ukukhula okuncane kuvela maphakathi nehlobo, kwesinye isikhathi kuphele uJuni.
Owesifazane uhlala emaqandeni. Eyesilisa ifuna ukudla. Okokuqala, uklebe uletha inyamazane kulowo okhethiwe, bese uya emaphuphuni. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwabo, ubaba uhlwitha inyamazane.
Isidleke seSparrowhawk
Ngemuva kokuchanyuselwa, bahlala nonina inyanga yonke. Uma elambile, amatshwele entambo adla ababuthakathaka. Ngenxa yalokho, kungasala munye kuphela. Lesi ngesinye isizathu esenza ukuthi uklebe lube uphawu lokukhohlisa.
Kwenzeka ematshweleni uma okumhlophe kwenzeka kumama. Ubaba uletha ukudla. Kepha ukondla kungumsebenzi kamama. Owesilisa akakwazi ukuhlukanisa inyamazane ngokulingana, ayihlephule ibe yizicucu ezincane, ayifake emqaleni wezingane.
Okhozi abanamasonto amabili ubudala abasadingi ukudabula inyamazane yabo. Bobabili abazali bayazingela, baphonsa isisulu sonke esidlekeni. Ngemuva kwenyanga, amatshwele abamba iminikelo endizeni.
Esithombeni kukhona undlunkulu onamantshontsho
Ngemuva kokuphuma esidlekeni somzali, cishe ama-35% ama-hawk afa ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Othile uba yisisulu sezilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye. Umuntu akatholi kudla. Abanye abakwazi ukumelana nezimo zezulu ezinzima.
Uma uklebe weqa umkhawulo waminyaka yonke, ungaphila kuze kube yiminyaka engu-15-17. Kodwa-ke, iningi lezinhlobo zihamba ngo-7-8. Ekuthunjweni, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, abanye ondlunkulu baphila iminyaka engama-20.
