I-Marmoset Ingabe inkawu encane engajwayelekile ehlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo. Bahlukaniswe nabanye abamele izinkawu ngosayizi wabo - yizinyamazane ezincane kunazo zonke emhlabeni ezingangena emunweni womuntu. Ziyizilwane eziluhlaza ezinomlingiswa ongenabungozi nokubukeka okuhle.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Marmoset
I-marmoset ingeyama-primates omndeni we-marmoset. Ibizwa nangokuthi iGeldi marmoset ngokuhlonipha isazi semvelo u-Emil August Geldi. Wenza ucwaningo ngezilwane eBrazil, yingakho izilwane eziningi zaseBrazil zethiwe ngaye.
Umndeni we-marmoset uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-60 zezinkawu, kodwa i-marmoset iyona kuphela yohlobo lwayo. Lezi zinkawu ezinamakhala abanzi zihlala eNew World, ikakhulukazi eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, zihlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo.
Phakathi kwabamele ama-marmosets, izici ezilandelayo ezijwayelekile zingahlukaniswa:
- mancane ngosayizi;
- bondla ukudla kwezitshalo, ikakhulukazi izithelo nomhlanga othambile;
- indlela yokuphila ingumdlandla, bagibela ngobunono ezihlahleni;
- ube nomsila omude kakhulu, ogobile osebenza njengesenzo sokulinganisa;
- ube nejazi elijiyile: uboya buminyene, busilika, kwesinye isikhathi bunamaphethini;
- izinzwane ezinkulu, njengabantu, zinenzipho eyisicaba.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ezindaweni zokungcebeleka ezahlukahlukene, ungathola abantu abahlinzeka ngezithombe nomndeni wenkawu.
Umndeni wama-mammosethi uqanjwe kanjalo ngesizathu: izinkawu ziyadlala kakhulu futhi ziyaxhumana nabantu ngokuzithandela. Azinalo ulaka, zilula ukuthanjiswa, zifuywa njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Monkey marmoset
AmaMarmosets izinkawu ezincane kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Isisindo sabo kwesinye isikhathi asifinyeleli kwikhulu lamagremu, ukuphakama kwawo kungama-20-25 cm, umsila mude njengomzimba wenkawu. Iyasonga futhi ayinakho umsebenzi wokubamba, kepha lapho inkawu igxuma isuka egatsheni iye egatsheni, yenza umsebenzi wokulinganisa.
Ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka, ama-marmosets anombala ohlukile. Imvamisa kusuke kungoboya obuthambile obuyisilivere obakha umhlana omncane ozungeze ikhanda lesilwane. Umsila ozacile unemigqa evundlile emnyama nokumhlophe evundlile, okusikhumbuza imisila ye-lemur. I-marmoset ineminwe nezinzwane ezinhlanu, ebamba ngayo izinto ngamandla.
Ividiyo: iMarmoset
Amehlo mancane, amnyama, anejwabu leso elingenhla. Isifonyo futhi simbozwe ngoboya, obuhlukanisa ama-marmosets ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinkawu. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-marmosets zinemigqa emhlophe noma izihluthu zezinwele ezinde.
Ososayensi bakhomba ama-marmosets amancane njengohlobo lwe-marmoset, kepha kusenempikiswano ngalokhu. Ngokwemvelo, abanakho umehluko, noma kunjalo, ama-marmosets amancane abomvu ngombala, anezinzwane ezifushane kanye nomhlwenga ojiyile.
Ngokwesiko, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zama-marmosets zihlukaniswa ngombala wazo:
- isiliva. Esembozweni soboya kunezinwele ezifakiwe ezimhlophe, ngenxa yokuthi inkawu ithola umbala osiliva;
- igolide. Ngokufanayo, inamachashaza ezinwele eziphuzi, futhi intshakaza emhlophe ezindlebeni nemivimbo evundlile-amasongo emsileni wombala obomvu;
- okhalo olumnyama. Imivimbo emnyama nsundu kanye nezinwele ezimnyama ezilinganayo ezimnyama ezindlebeni.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Naphezu kobukhulu obuncane bekhanda, izinkawu zinobuchopho obuthuthuke ngokwanele, obenza zibe yizilwane eziphaphile nezisheshayo.
Ihlala kuphi imammoset?
Isithombe: Monkey marmoset
Izinkawu ezihlala ephaketheni zihlala kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
- I-South America;
- IBrazil, lapho zaqala ukuvulwa khona;
- IBolivia - I-Amazon Basin;
- IPeru;
- I-Ecuador.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane, izinkawu ziphoqeleka ukuba zifihle njalo, ngakho-ke indawo yazo yokuhlala eyinhloko imiqhele ephezulu kakhulu yezihlahla, lapho kunezidlakela ezimbalwa ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuchitha ubusuku bonke, ama-marmosets akhethwa emigodini yezihlahla, agcinwa yimikhaya eminingi-imindeni, okukhona kuyo izizukulwane eziyisithupha.
AmaMarmosets kuyaqabukela ehlele phansi, njengoba ebhekana nezingozi eziningi lapho. Kepha lezi zidalwa zifuna ukwazi, ngakho-ke zingabonakala kaningi eduze nemizana nezinye izindawo zokuhlala ezincane. Bayehla ngokuzithandela baye kubantu futhi bangahlala eduze namakhaya abo. Ama-marmosets anezindlebe ezimnyama anobungani ikakhulukazi.
AmaMarmosets yizilwane ezithanda ukushisa ezikhetha ukushisa komoya okungenani ngama-25-30 degrees. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, izinkawu ziba yiqhwa ngokushesha futhi zingabulawa yi-hypothermia, ngoba umzimba wazo wakhelwe ukuhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo.
Kuma-marmozet, umswakama womoya nawo ubalulekile, okufanele ufinyelele okungenani kumaphesenti angama-60.
Idlani imammoset?
Isithombe: AmaMarmosets
AmaMarmosets izinkawu ezidla kakhulu. Kepha futhi bangagcwalisa ukuntuleka kwamaprotheni ngokudla kwezilwane. Ubunzima bulele eqinisweni lokuthi inkawu efuna ukudla isilwane esithile esincane izifaka engcupheni yokuba ngukudla kwayo uqobo.
Ukudla kwama-marmosets ngokuvamile kufaka:
- amajikijolo;
- izithelo;
- batshale izimbali, kufaka phakathi impova, abazithanda kakhulu ngokunambitheka kwazo okumnandi;
- amahlumela amancane, amaqabunga aluhlaza;
- izibungu zezihlahla zebhungane;
- amabhu, amakhilikithi, ezinye izinambuzane ezincane;
- Fry amphibians.
AmaMarmosets anesidingo esikhulu samanzi, ngoba ngosayizi wawo omncane anamandla amakhulu futhi ahamba njalo. Ukuze zingehleli emifudlaneni nakweminye imithombo yamanzi, izinkawu ziphuza amazolo namanzi aqoqana emaqabungeni ezihlahla ngemuva kwezimvula.
AmaMarmosets anezinsimbi eziqinile - lawa ngamazinyo awo amabili kuphela. Ngenxa yazo, zingaluma ngezingqimba ezingenhla zamagxolo amancane, zikhiphe umuthi womuthi onomsoco. Izidladla ezincane zibavumela ukuba bakhiphe kalula izibungu emifantwini yeziqu zemithi emidala.
Mayelana nokudla okunomsoco, ama-marmosets awanakho ukuncintisana ngendlela yezinye izinkawu; mancane kakhulu futhi alula, okuwavumela ukuthi akhuphukele kalula eziqongweni zezihlahla futhi adle izithelo ezintsha, lapho izinkawu ezisindayo zingakwazi ukugibela khona.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ungondla kanjani inkawu encane nge-marmoset. Ake sibone ukuthi uhlala kanjani endle.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Ama-marmosets amancane
Sonke isikhathi sabo ama-marmosets basichitha emiqhele yezihlahla, beqa phakathi kwamagatsha ngobude nangobude obufinyelela kumamitha ama-2-3. Emini, lezi zilwane zondla futhi zizilungise - zikama izinambuzane nezinambuzane ezivela koboya bomunye nomunye.
Ebusuku, iqembu lama-marmosets, okungaba nabantu ababalelwa kwabangu-20, likhwela emgodini noma emgodini esihlahleni esidala, lapho bechitha khona ubusuku. Lezi zinkawu zikhulisa amawundlu azo nawo wonke umndeni, lapho kungekho zingane zabanye abantu - noma iyiphi inkawu ingakhulisa noma yiliphi ithole.
Ukukhala kwama-marmosets kunomsindo futhi kuvame ngokwanele - abesabi ukuheha izilwane ezidlayo. Izingxoxo zezinkawu zodwa zifana nokushaywa kwama-tweets, ama-suites kanye nokushwibeka. Uma kunengozi, izinkawu ziphakamisa umsindo omkhulu, zazisa zonke izihlobo zezilwane ezizondayo. Sekukonke, kukhona amasiginali okungenani ayishumi asetshenziselwa izingxoxo.
AmaMarmosets awazona izilwane zasendaweni. Bahamba ngokuthula kuyo yonke indawo yehlathi elinemvula, futhi kwesinye isikhathi abayisikhombisa bangahlangana. Kulokhu, izinkawu azinaki futhi zondla ngokuthula eduze. Endle, izinkawu ziphila cishe iminyaka eyi-10-15, futhi ngokugcinwa kahle kwazo zingaphila iminyaka engama-22.
AmaMarmosets izidalwa ezingangqubuzani ngokwedlulele: ziyahlangana maqondana nabantu, ziyaxhumana ngokuzithandela, futhi uma kwenzeka zisengozini azisebenzisi izigaxa zazo ezibukhali, kepha zibaleke.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Cubs marmoset
Umndeni wama-marmosets uhlanganisa abesifazane nabesilisa babo bonke ubudala. Izinkawu azinabo ubukhosi obucacile, azilweli isikhundla emhlambini, ngokungafani nezimfene ezifanayo, kepha ama-marmosets anomholi ochazwe ngokucacile ovundisa iningi labesifazane emndenini.
Owesilisa ufinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokobulili eneminyaka emithathu, owesifazane eneminyaka emibili. Owesifazane uzikhethela owesilisa, kepha imvamisa ukukhetha kwakhe kuwela kumholi ongaba umholi - owesilisa omkhulu kunabo bonke futhi onzima kakhulu. Njengoba ama-marmosets ahlala ezindaweni ezifudumele, abanayo inkathi yokukhwelana noma imidlalo yokukhwelana.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kwesinye isikhathi insikazi ingakhetha owesilisa komunye umndeni, kodwa izale owayo umndeni. Amacala anjalo ayivelakancane, futhi lokhu kunikeza ukwehluka kofuzo ezinkawini.
Ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezinhlanu, kube nomphumela wokuthi inkawu izala izinyane elilodwa noma amabili anesisindo esingeqile ku-15 amagremu. Izingane zinamathela ngokuqinile ezinweleni zikanina ngezinzipho zazo futhi zihamba naye ngezisu zazo, zidla ubisi lwayo, bese zilala emhlane wazo, zikha amahlumela amancane namaqabunga athambile.
Izingane zikhuliswa ngokuhlanganyela. Kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane banakekela kahle isizukulwane esisha, bazigqoke ngokwabo, bakame uboya babo. Iduna eliyinhloko lomhlambi limatasa kakhulu lifuna izindawo ezifanele zokudla futhi libheka ingozi engaba khona.
Ezinyangeni ezintathu, izingane zihamba ngokuzimela, futhi ngezinyanga eziyisithupha zingadla ukudla okufanayo nokwabantu abadala. Izinkawu zinokuthomba; Njengabantu, abesifazane bama-marmosets baqala ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni - benonyaka owodwa, kuyilapho abesilisa - unyaka owodwa nohhafu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-marmosets angashada, kepha angakhiqizi inzalo.
Izitha zemvelo zama-marmosets
Isithombe: Monkey marmoset
Ngenxa yendawo abahlala kuyo, ama-marmosets abiyelwe kakhulu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye eziyingozi kwezinye izinkawu. Ikakhulu, isitha esiyinhloko sezinkawu amakati asendle, avele angakwazi ukukhuphukela ebangeni elifanayo njengama-marmosets. Izinyoni eziningi ezinkulu azinandaba nama-marmosets ngenxa yobukhulu bazo.
Kepha basahlangana nezidlakela ezilandelayo:
- i-boa constrictor;
- umphathi wehlathi;
- inyoka yamakhorali;
- amanqe;
- i-harpy;
- uruba;
- ikati margai;
- Izicabucabu zokuhamba zaseBrazil;
- i-andean condor;
Ngokuvamile, izinkawu zihlaselwa izinyoni. Ukuba eziqongweni zezihlahla, ama-marmosets angalahlekelwa ukuqapha kwawo futhi adle ngokuthula izithelo namaqabunga lapho inyoni enkulu yenyamazane iwela phezu kwayo ivela phezulu. Onogwaja namanqe bayashesha, ngakho-ke akunzima kubo ukusondela ezinkawini ngokuthula futhi ngokushesha bazihlwithe inyamazane. Noma, njengomthetho, lezi zinkawu ziyizisulu ezincane kakhulu zezilwane ezinkulu.
Enye ingozi ezinkawini ezincane izinyoka ezicasha ngamahlamvu aminyene. Imvamisa ama-marmosets ngokwawo asondela kakhulu enyokeni, engaboni ingozi ngenxa yombala wokufihla. Iningi lezinyoka ngeke libe nenkinga yokugwinya i-marmoset ngaphandle kokuqala ukufuthwa. Ezinye izicabucabu ezinkulu ikakhulukazi zidla izingane ze-marmoset. Izicabucabu ezinobuthi nezinyoka ziyingozi ikakhulukazi kulezi zinkawu.
Uma ama-marmosets ebona isitha, aqala ukukhwabanisa ngobuqili, azise abafowabo ngokusondela kwesilwane. Ngemuva kwalokho, izinkawu ziyasakazeka, okuphazamisa umhlaseli, kumvimbele ekukhetheni inyamazane ethile. AmaMarmosets awakwazi ukuzivikela, futhi noma ngabe izinyane lisengozini, akekho ozojaha ukulisindisa. Izinkawu zithembele ngokuphelele ngosayizi wazo omncane nekhono lokugijima ngokushesha futhi zeqe kude.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Marmoset
EBrazil, i-marmoset isesimweni sezinhlobo zezwe ezivikelwe, futhi ukuphuma kwazo ezweni akuvunyelwe ngumthetho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-marmosets athengiswa emakethe emnyama njengezilwane ezifuywayo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi intengo yawo ingafinyelela ku-100 000 dollars.
Kodwa-ke, ama-marmosets awazona izinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Zizalela kalula ekhaya. Imakethe emnyama yokudayiswa kwezinkawu yande kakhulu eChina. Isibalo sama-mammosethi naso siyancipha ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi, kepha kusekukhulu impela. ERussia, ama-marmosets angathengwa ngokusemthethweni kubalimi nangamawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene. Ukugcinwa kwabo kanye nokudla okunempilo kufaka izindleko ezinkulu, ngakho-ke abathengi abaningi abakwazi ukukhokhela lesi silwane.
AmaMarmosets abanjwa ngocezu, olunquma inani lawo eliphakeme. Ungayibamba kuphela inkawu ngokuyiyengela ezihlahleni ezinde kangako ngosizo lokudla - inkawu ingena ngokuzithandela ehokweni noma kwesinye isakhiwo esifana naleso, esivele sivale imbobo. Izinkawu zasendle azithengiswa ezandleni, kepha zikhetha ukuthola inzalo kuzo, ezizojwayela abantu ngokuphelele.
Ama-nursery anama-marmosets ajwayelekile eNingizimu Melika. Ngokuvamile lezi zinkawu akunzima ukuzibamba, ngoba nazo ngokwazo ziyaxhumana. AmaMarmosets awananani lokuhweba, awadutshulwa ngenhloso yezemidlalo futhi awayona izinambuzane.
I-Marmoset - ummeleli ongavamile wezinkawu. Wakwazi ukuthola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabantu ngenxa yokubukeka kwakhe okuhle, ubungane nokuziphatha okuhle. Lezi zilwane ezinobungani zenzelwe ukuhlala ehlathini elishisayo, ngakho-ke, ukuba nenkawu ekhaya, noma ngabe zisesimweni esikahle, ukuphuca umuntu umndeni ubuhlobo obubalulekile bezenhlalo ngenxa yakhe.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 15.07.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 25.09.2019 ngo-20: 35
