Inyoka yamakhorali inesembatho esihle futhi esikhangayo, esibonisa ubungozi nobuthi, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele lapho uhlangana nalesi silwane esihuquzelayo. Ukubukeka okukhangayo namaphethini aphikisayo alawa bantu bezinyoka kumane kumangalisa. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi ubuthi babo obunobuthi buyingozi kangakanani, ukuthi hlobo luni lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinesimo, ukuthi yini eyenza indlela yabo yokuphila iphawuleke, ukuthi yini ekhona kwimenyu yezinyoka nokuthi lapho laba bahamba khona benemvume yokuhlala njalo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Inyoka yeCoral
Izinyoka zamakhorali azilona uhlobo oluhlukile lwezilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinobuthi, kodwa lonke uhlobo lomndeni we-asp. Lo ngumndeni omkhulu ngokwanele, zonke izinyoka zazo eziyingozi futhi ezinobuthi. Inezinhlobo ezingama-347, ezihlanganiswe zibe yizinhlobo ezingama-61, kubandakanya nohlobo lwezinyoka zamakhorali. Izinhlobo zezinyoka ezingama-82 zingezohlobo, sizochaza kafushane ezinye zazo.
Inyoka enkulu yama-coral yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke kuhlobo lohlobo, ubude bomzimba wayo bufinyelela imitha elilodwa nohhafu. Isilwane esihuquzelayo sihlala ezindaweni zasendle e-Amazon.
Inyoka yamakhorali i-harlequin ingabizwa ngokuthi iyingozi kakhulu kozakwabo bamakhorali. Ubude benyoka busuka ku-75 cm kuye ku-1 m.Ihlala ezinwabuzelayo ezifundeni zaseKentucky nase-Indiana.
Inyoka yetape coral incane kancane ngosayizi kulesidlakela, kepha ubude bayo bomzimba budlula imitha elilodwa. Isirhubuluzi sinomzimba omncane nomzimba omncane nekhanda elincane. Le nyoka ibhaliswe ezwenikazi laseNingizimu Melika.
Ividiyo: Inyoka yamakhorali
Inyoka ejwayelekile yamakhorali incane ngosayizi, ubude bayo buyahlukahluka kusuka kusigamu semitha kuye kumasentimitha angama-97. Inyoka ikhethe izindawo ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika.
Inyoka yama-coral yase-Afrika ihlukaniswa nezinye ngombala okhanyayo futhi ongajwayelekile. Ithoni evelele yomzimba wayo imnqumo onsundu, kwesinye isikhathi icishe ibe mnyama. Ngokuphambene nalokho, imivimbo emithathu ephuzi iyabonakala, futhi kunamachashazi abomvu ezinhlangothini. Ngokwesilinganiso, ubude bezilwane ezihuquzelayo buba phakathi kwama-50 kuye kuma-60 cm, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala izinhlobo ezinkulu.
Izinyoka zamakhorali azikwazi ukubizwa ngosayizi omkhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, ubude obulinganiselwe bomzimba wabo buba phakathi kwamasentimitha angama-60 kuye kwangama-70. Ubude bomsila cishe ngamasentimitha ayishumi. Zonke zinombala ogqamile obabazekayo, isizinda esijwayelekile sombala obomvu.
Iqiniso Elimnandi: Ngenxa yombala wazo omuhle, lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ziklonyeliswe ngamagama eziteketiso anjengelithi "Lollipop" nelithi "Harlequin".
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Inyoka yenyoka yaseCoral
Sinqume ngobukhulu bezinyoka zamakhorali, ngokubona ukuthi azizinkulu kakhulu. Abantu abavuthiwe bezinyoka banekhanda elihlanzekile, elicabalele, elimile kancane. Yize incane ngosayizi, ibonakala ngokusobala kakhulu ngokuhlobene nomzimba, kepha ayinakho ukubambeka okubonakalayo endaweni yentamo. Ukuvulwa komlomo wenyoka, ukufanisa ikhanda, nakho kuncane futhi akukwazi ukwelula okuqinile, okunama-nuances ayo lapho kuzingelwa nalapho kudliwa. Ngaphakathi komlomo kunochungechunge lwamazinyo amancane, anobuthi.
Ithoni evelele embala wesikhumba senyoka ibomvu ngokugqamile ngephethini emnyama emise okwendandatho, eshintsha ngokulinganayo ngobude bomzimba wonke. Ngaphambili nangemuva komzimba, izindandatho ezimnyama ziyabonakala, zikakwe umugqa omncane onombala oluhlaza okotshani. Kuwo wonke amasongo, ama-specks amancane amnyama abonakala ngokusobala, ngoba isikali ngasinye sinethiphu emnyama.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Inyoka yamakhorali inezakhi ezingezona ezinobuthi ezilingisa umbala wayo kahle, zizenza izirhubuluzi eziyizinyoka eziyingozi futhi ezinobuthi, yize kungenjalo. Le yinyoka yobisi enemigqa, ngale ndlela ezama ukuzivikela kubantu abangabafuni.
Izakhamizi zezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika, ezaziyo ukuthi izindandatho zenyoka kufanele zitholakale ngamuphi umbala, zingahlukanisa inyoka yamakhorali ezihuquzelayo ezingenabungozi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolo lwazi namakhono asebenza kuphela ezindaweni ezisempumalanga naseningizimu ye-United States, tk. Ezihuquzelayo zamakhorali ezivela kwezinye izifunda zokuhlala zingahluka kuphethini yendandatho nokushintshashintsha kwayo.
Ekhanda lenyoka yekorali kukhona isihlangu esingaphambili, esidwetshiwe ngombala omnyama oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umugqa obanzi kakhulu, onombala oluhlaza okotshani, ugijima unqamule izingxabano ze-occipital; wehlela emhlathini wesirhubuluzi. Kumuntu wenyoka yamakhorali, isici esivelayo ukuba khona kwekhola emnyama, eyethulwa ngendlela yendandatho ngomugqa obomvu ochazwe kahle.
Endaweni yomsila, kunamasongo ayisishiyagalombili amhlophe, aqhathanisa kakhulu nesikhumba senyoka esimnyama. Iphuzu lomsila nalo limhlophe ngesizotha. Ezinhlotsheni zasemanzini ukuphela komsila kucabalekile ngoba esetshenziswa yibo njengesigwedlo. Izindlala ezinobuthi zitholakala ngemuva kwamehlo.
Manje uyawazi umehluko phakathi kwenyoka yekorali nenyoka yobisi. Ake sibone ukuthi i-reptile enobuthi ihlala kuphi.
Ihlala kuphi inyoka yamakhorali?
Isithombe: Inyoka yeCoral ngokwemvelo
Inani elikhulu kakhulu lezinhlobo zezinyoka zohlobo lwezinyoka zamakhorali likhethe iMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Inyoka yamakhorali i-harlequin kuphela engatholakala ezwenikazi laseNyakatho Melika, okuyi-Indiana neKentucky. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zisabalale kakhulu empumalanga yeBrazil, lapho zikhetha khona amahlathi.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zihlala kwezinye izifunda, ezihlala ezindaweni:
- IPanama;
- ICosta Rica;
- I-Paraguay;
- I-Uruguay;
- I-Argentina;
- EColombia;
- EMexico;
- I-Ecuador;
- IHonduras;
- I-Caribbean;
- ENicaragua;
- IBolivia.
Okokuqala, izinyoka zamakhorali zihlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ezishisayo, izinkuni, izindawo ezinenhlabathi enomswakama noma enesihlabathi, ngoba bathanda ukungcwaba emhlabathini. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zizifihla ngempumelelo emahlathini angenakudlula nasemahlathini, kanye nangaphansi kwamaqabunga awile. Imvamisa, izigaxa zingena emhlabathini, lapho zihlala khona isikhathi eside, zishiya indawo yokukhosela imvula enkulu nangesikhathi semishado.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Izinyoka zeCoral azinamahloni nakancane lapho kuhlala khona abantu, kepha kunalokho, zihlala zihlala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala abantu. Ngokusobala, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inani elikhulu lamagundane lihlala eduze kwabantu, okuyizikhondlakhondla ezithanda ukuzitika ngalo.
Izinyoka zamakhorali ezibanjiwe zigcinwa kahle ezindaweni eziqinile futhi ezivikelekile ezinengidi. Kufanele ibe nendawo yokukhosela ekhethekile yezilwane ezihuquzelayo engavalwa, lokhu kuyadingeka ekuphepheni komnikazi ngenkathi kuhlanzwa indawo ehlala izinyoka. Okulula kunazo zonke ama-terrariums amile, ngezansi kwawo kufakwe ama-flakes akhethekile kakhukhunathi. Isici esidingekayo ezindaweni zokuhlala ezihuquzelayo ukuba khona kweziqubu eziningana, lapho izinyoka zithanda ukukhasa khona.
Idliwa yini inyoka yamakhorali?
Isithombe: Inyoka yenyoka yaseCoral
Izinyoka zeCoral zithanda isidlo:
- izilwane zasemanzini;
- izibankwa ezincane;
- izinyoni ezincane;
- izinambuzane ezinkulu;
- zonke izinhlobo zamagundane;
- izinyoka ezincane.
Abasebenza ngokuzilibazisa baseTerrarium bondla izilwane ezifuywayo ezinama-coral ngamagundane amancane nezinhlobo ezinkulu zamaphela (isibonelo, amaphela aseMadagascar). Ukugwema ukondla ngokweqile, udinga ukukhulisa kabusha inyoka yamakhorali kabili ngesonto. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezithunjiwe zivame ukukhuluphala futhi kufanele zengezwe ngamavithamini namaminerali ahlukahlukene ekudleni kwazo. Ophuza njalo kufanele agcwaliswe ngamanzi ahlanzekile futhi ahlanzekile.
Kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi izinyoka zalolu hlobo zingahamba ngaphandle kokudla isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi ethile, futhi ziphuza njalo, zikhasa emithonjeni yamanzi njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Phakathi kwama-asps, kwenzeka amacala odla inyama kwesinye isikhathi, ngakho-ke lezi zinyoka aziphikisi ukondla abafowabo ezinwabuzelayo.
Inyoka yamakhorali iyahamba izingela kusihlwa, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke iyasebenza ngaphambi kokuntwela kokusa, iyazitholela ukudla. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi umlomo wezilwane ezihuquzelayo awunawo amandla okwelula kakhulu, ngakho-ke azingela inyamazane enkulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinamazinyo amancane, ngakho-ke azikwazi ukuluma ngesikhumba sanoma yisiphi isilwane esikhulu. Imvamisa, izinyoka zamakhorali zidla ama-rattlesnakes amancane ngaphandle kokwesaba ubuthi bawo, ngoba unokuzivikela ekulweni nobuthi bezinyoka.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Inyoka ejwayelekile yamakhorali
Indlela yokuphila yenyoka yamakhorali iyimfihlo kakhulu; lezi zinyoka zikhetha ukuba wedwa. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuhlangana nabo, ngoba basebenzisa ingxenye yengonyama yesikhathi sabo ingcwatshwe emhlabathini omanzi noma ngaphansi kohlamvu lwamahlamvu abolayo. Imvamisa bazithola kuphela ngenkathi yesikhathi somshado nangesikhathi semvula.
I-reptile reptile ihlasela inyamazane yayo ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokushesha. Wenza isibopho esibukhali phambili, umlomo wenyoka uvuleke kakhulu. Umthamo wento enobuthi ejojwe ngokulunywa okukodwa ungafinyelela ku-12 mg, yize emzimbeni womuntu sekuvele ukuthi u-4 noma u-6 mg uthathwa njengoyingozi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Abantu baseBrazil banenkolelo yokuthi izilwane ezihuquzelayo zamakhorali zinenyoka encane ezigoqwe entanyeni yazo, futhi yenza ukulunywa okunesihlungu.
Izinyoka zamakhorali azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi ngabahlukumezi maqondana nomuntu, zona uqobo azisoze zaba ezokuqala ukuhlasela. Konke ukuluma kwenzeka ekuzivikeleni, lapho umuntu engowokuqala ukuvusa isilwane esihuquzelayo noma, ngokungazi, asinyathele. U-Asps uluma ngamazinyo aphakathi nendawo atholakala emihlathini engenhla. Ukulunywa kwazo kuhlukaniswa iqiniso lokuthi isirhubuluzi sizama ukubambelela endaweni yokuluma ngamazinyo aso isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze ubuthi busheshe busebenze.
Endaweni yokuluma akukho ukuvuvukala, imvamisa ngisho nobuhlungu abukho. Konke lokhu akubona ubufakazi bokudakwa okubuthakathaka, ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuhlinzekwa kwezinyathelo ezikhethekile zokusindisa, umuntu uzofa kungakapheli nosuku.
Izimpawu zobuthi zingalandela:
- ubuhlungu obukhulu endaweni yekhanda;
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe (kwesinye isikhathi negazi);
- inxeba lingaqala ukopha;
- kuyaqabukela, kubonakala ukwehluleka okukhulu kwenhliziyo, okuholela ekukhubazekeni nasekufeni.
- kuye kwaziwa ukuthi phakathi kwabasindile abalunywe yinyoka yamakhorali, abantu bavame ukuba nezifo ezihlobene nezinso.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kwezinye izindawo, inyoka yamakhorali ibizwa ngokuthi "inyoka yomzuzu" ngoba ngemuva kokulunywa ubuthi, isisulu sayo esiphakathi nendawo sife kungakapheli umzuzu owodwa.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Inyoka encane yamakhorali
Izinyoka ze-Coral zivuthwa ngokocansi zisondela eminyakeni emibili ubudala, kwesinye isikhathi ngaphambi kwalokho. Isikhathi somshado wezilwane ezihuquzelayo siqala entwasahlobo, lapho izinyoka zivuka ebusika. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nokuqubuka komsebenzi wokukhwelana ekwindla. Insikazi ikhipha imfihlo enephunga eliqinile ekhombisa ukuthi ikulungele ukuya ocansini. Leli phunga liheha abanumzane, abanyonyobela kuyo yonke indawo, beluka ibhola elikhulu eligcwele izinyoka. Izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoka zamakhorali zinempi yokuhlangana yelungelo lokuba ngumfazi wenhliziyo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Izinyoka ze-Coral zingenye yezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinobuthi ezibeka amaqanda ezihlala ezwenikazi laseNyakatho Melika, zonke ezinye izilwane ezinwabuzelayo eziyingozi ziyi-viviparous.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukubeka amaqanda, abesifazane baqala ukuhlomisa indawo yabo yokwakha izidleke. Kuvame ukutholakala emgodini noma ungqimba lwamaqabunga awile, okusiza ukuvikela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo ekushintsheni okuhlukahlukene kokushisa nakubantu abangafuni. Imvamisa kuba namaqanda ambalwa kuphela ku-clutch (3 - 4, kwesinye isikhathi inani lingakhuphukela ku-8). Amaqanda ama-Oblong angaba ngamasentimitha ama-4 ubude. Omama abalindele ngokwabo bafudumeza i-clutch, bayigoqa ngemizimba yabo eguqukayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ulaka lwezinyoka lukhula kakhulu.
Imvamisa kakhulu ngo-Agasti, izinyoka ezincane zezingane zichanyuselwa emaqandeni. Umbala wabo uhambisana ngokuphelele nombala wabazali. Cishe ngokushesha, banenkululeko futhi bathatha uhambo lokuphila, ubude babo buhluka kusuka eminyakeni eyi-15 kuye kwengama-20. Kuya ngohlobo lwesirhubuluzi nendawo esihlala kuyo unomphela. Kunezibonelo ezaziwayo isikhathi sokuphila kwazo esedlule umugqa weminyaka engamashumi amabili.
Izitha zemvelo zezinyoka zamakhorali
Isithombe: Inyoka yenyoka yaseCoral
Ungamangali ukuthi inyoka yamakhorali enobuthi futhi iyingozi inezitha eziningi ezingadla kalula isilwane esihuquzelayo. Ubukhulu bazo obuncane nokuthula, nemvelo enamahloni yenza lezi zinyoka zisengozini kakhulu. Lapho inyoka yamakhorali ishayisana nanoma yisiphi isithiyo (ngokwesibonelo, ngebhulokhi lamatshe), khona-ke yena uqobo uvame ukuzwa ukwesaba, efihla ikhanda lakhe ngaphansi komzimba wakhe osontekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, angagoqa esuka kolunye uhlangothi aye kolunye, ebambe umsila ugoqene uqonde mpo.
Izinyoka zamakhorali zingahlaselwa emoyeni yizinyoni ezahlukahlukene ezidlayo (izinkozi zezinyoka, ama-kites, onobhala bezinyoni). Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zivame ukuhlushwa izingulube zasendle, isikhumba sazo esijiyile amazinyo aso amancane awanakuluma. Ama-mongoose anesibindi awaphikisi ukudla inyama yenyoka, ngokunyakaza kwawo okuxakile futhi okuvamile nokugxuma, agqoka phansi izilwane ezihuquzelayo, abese eluma umqhele ngemuva kwekhanda, okuholela ekufeni kwabahamba ngezinyawo. Izilwane ezinkulu ezinjengezingwe nezingwe zingasebenzisa izinyoka njengokudla okulula. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lezi zinyoka zithambekele ekudleni komuntu, ngakho-ke zidla abantu bakubo ngaphandle kwesazela. Ngokuvamile, izilwane ezincane ezingenalwazi ziyahlupheka.
Umuntu ovame ukubulala izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ngenxa yobuthi bawo kungathiwa uyizitha zezinyoka. Abantu babamba izinyoka ukuze bazithengise kuma-terrariumists, ngoba abaningi bafuna ukuzigcina ngenxa yombala wazo ogqamile, yize lo msebenzi unzima kakhulu futhi uyingozi. Izinyoka nazo ziyafa ngoba ubuthi bazo bubaluleke kakhulu emithini yokwelapha kanye ne-cosmetology. AmaCreepers nawo ahlushwa ukuphazanyiswa komuntu ngesihluku ezindaweni zawo ezihlala njalo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Inyoka yamakhorali enobuthi
Izinyoka zeCoral zisabalale kabanzi, eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Futhi bahlala ezifundeni ezithile zezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika. Abantu abaningi balezi zidalwa ezinyoka baye babonakala empumalanga yeBrazil. Vele, ziningi izinto ezimbi ezithinta impilo yezilwane ezihuquzelayo zamakhorali, cishe zonke zivela ezandleni zabantu. Umuntu, onakekela izidingo zakhe, ukhohlwa ngabafowabo abancane, ebasusa ezindaweni zabo ezijwayelekile zokuthunyelwa, lo mkhuba awuzange weqe ama-coral asps, nawo afayo ngenxa yobuthi bawo obuyigugu.
Ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinto eziyingozi, izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoka zamakhorali aziboni izinsongo ezinamandla kubantu. Izinhlangano zokongiwa kwemvelo zikhathazeke kuphela ngezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezikhethiwe ezitholakala eHonduras. Zonke ezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo zamakhorali azisongelwa ngokuqothulwa, inani lemfuyo yabo lihlala lizinzile, ngaphandle kokubhekana nokugxuma okusheshayo lapho kwehla noma kukhula khona.
Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yemfihlo enkulu yalezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo, ezivame ukutholakala ekujuleni kwenhlabathi namahlamvu abolile, okuhola impilo yezinyoka engaqondakali futhi ezolile.Ngakho-ke, singacabanga ukuthi, ingxenye enkulu, inani lezinyoka zamakhorali alibhekene nezinsongo ezinkulu, alikho onqenqemeni lokuqothulwa, kuphela izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezilwane ezidinga izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokuvikela, ezingathokozi nje kuphela.
Ukuvikelwa kwenyoka yamaCoral
Isithombe: Inyoka yeCoral evela eBhuku eliBomvu
Njengoba sekushiwo, izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zezinyoka zamakhorali azinazo izinsongo ezinkulu empilweni, ngakho-ke inani lamakhorali lihlala likhulu, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zisabhekwa njengokungajwayelekile, ngakho-ke, zinganyamalala ngokuphelele futhi zidinga ukuvikelwa ezinhlakeni zokongiwa kwemvelo ...
Ngakho-ke, e-CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinyoka zamakhorali ezihlala endaweni enkulu yaseHonduras: inyoka yamakhorali "diastema" kanye nenyoka yamabhande amnyama yamakhorali. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zezinyoka zisesithasiselweni sesithathu, esihlose ukulawula ukuhweba okungagunyaziwe kwalezi ezihuquzelayo ukugwema ukwehla okukhulu ezinombolweni zazo esezincane.
Isimo esingesihle kangako maqondana nenani lalezi zinhlobo zezinyoka zamakhorali sakhiwa ngenxa yezici eziningi ze-anthropogenic, ezaholela ekutheni inani lalezi zinyoka lehliswe kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthuthwa kwezihuquzeli ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala unomphela, ukungenelela kwabantu endaweni yabo yemvelo, ukubanjwa okungekho emthethweni kwama-creepers ngenhloso yokuwathengisa kabusha, ukufa kwezinyoka ngenxa yokukhishwa kobuthi babo obunobuthi obuyigugu kanye nezinye izenzo zabantu ezisheshayo eziholela emiphumeleni emibi yezinyoka.
Ekugcineni, ngithanda ukukuqaphela lokho inyoka yamakhorali ngokubukeka kukhulu kakhulu, futhi kunomlingiswa ozolile ngokuphelele, ulaka kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ukuvikela impilo yakhe yenyoka. Ukubukeka kwazo okuhehayo kuyakhanga kakhulu, kepha azithandi ukukukhombisa, zikhetha ukuba wedwa nokulinganisa ubukhona bokuthula.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 23.06.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/23/2019 ngo-21: 21
