Inyoka yommbila ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi be-terrarium, ngoba inyoka inesizotha ekugcineni, iyathanjiswa ngokushesha futhi ayizizwa inolaka kubantu. Siyini lesi silwane esihuquzelayo endle? Yini okuthakazelisayo nokungajwayelekile empilweni yakhe? Yimiphi imikhuba nesimo sabo abonakala ngayo? Sizozama ukufunda ngakho konke lokhu ngokuningiliziwe, siveze izimfihlakalo nezimfihlo zempilo yenyoka.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Inyoka yommbila
Inyoka yommbila ayinikezwa ubuthi, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo singokomndeni osuvele umile futhi siwuhlobo olungaphansi kwegama lesiLatini iPantherophis. Lesi silwanyana esihuquzelayo sikhuliswa njengenyoka ebomvu yegundane, ngokusobala ngokuya ngombala nokuthandwa kwaso. Bayibiza inyoka nenyoka enamabala ekhuphukayo, kanti emaqoqweni azimele ama-terrariumists, le nyoka yaziwa nge-gutata. Kubantu, lolu hlobo lwezinyoka luphephe ngokuphelele.
Ividiyo: Inyoka yombila
Abantu abaningi babuza lo mbuzo: "Kungani le nyoka ingumbila ncamashi?" Kunezinguqulo ezimbili kuleli banga. Ngokusho kweyokuqala, inyoka ibizwa ngegama lommbila ngoba izindawo eziyithandayo kakhulu amasimu ahlwanyelwe ummbila kanye nezinqolobane, lapho isinanazi sibamba khona zonke izinhlobo zamagundane. Uhlobo lwesibili luphakamisa ukuthi inyoka ibizwa ngokuthi umbila, ngoba iphethini esiswini sayo iyefana nezinhlamvu zommbila kusikhwebu.
Kuze kube ngo-2002, kwakubhalwa kuphela ama-subspecies amabili enyoka yommbila, kodwa ngemuva kwalokho, abakwa-herpetologists bathola enye i-subspecies, manje sekuthathu kwabo ku-taxonomy. Ubukhulu besilwane esihuquzelayo buyahlukahluka ngaphakathi kwamamitha amabili, kepha izibonelo ezinwetshiwe ezinjalo azivamile, ubude obujwayelekile benyoka yommbila imvamisa abukho ngaphezu kwemitha elilodwa nohhafu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zemibala yemivimbo yommbila, esizozama ukuqhubeka nokuyiqonda ngokuningiliziwe.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Umgijimi wommbila wenyoka
Izinyoka zommbila zinokubukeka okweqile nokugqamile. Sithole ubukhulu bawo, kepha umbala wezilwane ezihuquzelayo umelwe yizinombolo eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Imibala ehlukile ezinhlotsheni ezifanayo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ibizwa ngokwesayensi ngokuthi ama-morphs.
Ake sichaze abadume kakhulu kubo:
- I-morph "Amelanism" ibonakala ngeqiniso lokuthi umbala omnyama embala wenyoka ukhishwe ngokuphelele. Amehlo enyoka apendwe ngethoni ebomvana noma ebomvu, futhi ithoni ejwayelekile yomzimba ifana namehlo, amhlophe-pink noma abomvu;
- I-morph "i-Anerythrysm" ihlukile ngoba ayikho i-tint ebomvu enyokeni, isizinda esikhona se-reptile sinombala ompunga ngokukhazimula okuncane okuphuzi entanyeni nasesiswini;
- morph "Hypomelanism" - umbala ubuswa yimibala ehlukahlukene ensundu, kanye namathoni ampunga;
- I-morph "Amalahle" ihlukaniswa ngesizinda esimpunga noma esinsundu esingathathi hlangothi, futhi i-pigmentation ephuzi cishe ayifakwanga;
- i-morph "Lava" ingenxa yombala omnyama ovelele, okwenza isilwane esihuquzelayo sicishe sibe yisidina ngokuba khona kwamabala amancane amnyama;
- I-morph "Caramel" ibonakala ngeqiniso lokuthi ithoni ebomvu isuswe ngokuphelele ophuzi, okwenza umphumela we-caramel;
- I-morph "iLavender" umbala othakazelisa kakhulu futhi ongavamile, obonakala ngeqiniso lokuthi i-melanin ayikho ngokuphelele, ngenxa yokuthi inyoka ithola i-lavender entekenteke, i-pinkish noma i-coffee shades.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi phakathi kwemibala ehlukahlukene kangaka yezingubo zenyoka, noma kunjalo, umbala wemvelo wenyoka yommbila ubonakala ngemvelaphi ewolintshi enamabala abomvu kuyo, echazwe kahle yimivimbo emnyama evelele.
Manje usuyazi ukunakekela nokunakekela inyoka yommbila ekhaya. Ake sibone ukuthi uhlala kuphi.
Ihlala kuphi inyoka yombila?
Isithombe: Inyoka yombila emvelweni
Inyoka yombila ibhekwa njengomdabu ezwenikazi laseNyakatho Melika. Ngempela, wazinza lapho, wasabalala kabanzi kulo lonke izwekazi. Inyoka ivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezisempumalanga naseningizimu emaphakathi neNyakatho Melika. Le zinwabuzelayo zihlala enyakatho yeMexico.
Lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sithanda izindawo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu, sikhetha amahlathi ahlabayo. Le nyoka iphinde ihlale emifantwini enamadwala, esebenza njengezindawo zokukhosela ezinokwethenjelwa nezicashile kuyo. Inyoka ayidluli eceleni kwamasimu, izimfunda ezimbozwe ngotshani obuluhlaza. Imvamisa inyoka iseduze nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, ehlala eduze kwezinqolobane nezindawo zokuhlala abantu. Abantu abaningi balaba creepers bahlala eduze namapulazi nezindawo zokutshala kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Melika, ezifundazweni ezahlukahlukene zaseMexico naseziQhingini zaseCayman.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Inyoka yombila yabonwa ezintabeni, ikhuphukela ebangeni elingaba amakhilomitha amabili, yize imvamisa kakhulu ingahlali phezulu kangako.
Ngokuyinhloko, izinyoka zikhetha impilo yasemhlabeni, kepha futhi zizizwa zikhululekile ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni, zihamba ngobuhlakani phakathi kwamagatsha.
Uma sikhuluma ngendawo yokuhlala enjalo yenyoka yommbila njenge-terrarium, kungcono ukuthi ivunduluke. Ukuphakama kwayo kufanele kube okungenani uhhafu wemitha, futhi ububanzi bayo bube ngu-40 cm noma ngaphezulu. Ukuba khona kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamagatsha neziqubu kuyadingeka ukuze imvelo ifane naleyo engokwemvelo. Kunokuhlukahluka okuningi kakhulu kokuhlela i-terrarium, esingazogxila kuyo.
Idliwa yini inyoka yombila?
Isithombe: Inyoka encane yommbila
Ngokuzingela, inyoka yommbila iphuma kusihlwa noma ngezikhathi zangaphambi kokusa, lapho kungakabi khona ukusa. Ngokubona okuhle kakhulu ebusuku, ubona kangcono kakhulu ngalezi zikhathi kunasemini, ngakho-ke uyakwazi ukuthola kalula isisulu.
Imenyu yezinyoka ikakhulukazi iqukethe:
- amagundane amancane;
- amagundane;
- isibankwa;
- amalulwane;
- izinyoni ezincane;
- amaqanda ezinyoni;
- amaphuphu.
Ngokudla kwayo okubanjiwe, inyoka iyazelula njenge-boa constrictor, iyisonge bese isebenzisa inqubo enamandla yokuncisha umoya, icindezela isifuba sayo semisipha. Lapho isisulu sifa, isidlo siqala, okuthi, njengezilwane eziningi ezihuquzelayo, sivele ngokugwinya inyamazane ekhanda.
Ukudla kwenyoka yegundane ehlala e-terrarium kufana nesethi yezitsha zezinyoka ezihlala endle. Iqukethe amagundane, amagundane nezinkukhu. Izinyoka ezincane zezingane zondliwa ngamagundane asanda kuzalwa. Inyoka eseyikhulile kumele bondliwe masonto onke (kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu). Imvamisa, abagcini be-terrarium basebenzisa ukudla okulungiselelwe kusengaphambili nokwenziwe buthaka okufriziwe esiqandisini. Benza lokhu ukuze isilwane sabo senyoka singalimali ngokugwinya inyamazane ephilayo. Vele, isidlo kufanele sikhishwe ngaphambi kokuphaka.
Imvamisa izinyoka ezihlala ekuthunjweni zondliwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zamavithamini nezithako zamaminerali ukugcina umzimba wesirhubuluzi uqinile futhi unempilo. Okufuneka kuqala ukuba khona komthombo wamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile, ngakho-ke kufanele kuguqulwe njalo. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncancisa, ukondla isirhubuluzi kufanele kungafakwa, ngoba inyoka vele ayilula, futhi ihamba kancane. Kungcono ukujuluka inyoka ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 ngemuva kokuthi i-molt isiphelile.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Uma ucosha inyoka yombila ezandleni zakho ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphakela udaka, uyayithinta ngenkuthalo, khona-ke isihuquzeli kungenzeka siphinde sikubuyise esikudlile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukushiya inyoka yodwa.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Inyoka yommbila
Njengoba sekushiwo, inyoka yommbila iyasebenza kusihlwa noma ekujuleni ebusuku, bese ihlanganyela ekuhwebeni kwayo kokuzingela. Kakhulukazi, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sihola impilo yasemhlabeni, kepha asizizwa kabi emagatsheni ezihlahla nasezihlahleni.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Kutholwe ukuthi izinyoka esezivuthiwe seziqala ukukhuphuka ezihlahleni ngokuya ngokwengeziwe, zishintshela kwimpilo engathi yizinkuni.
Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, izinyoka zingena ebusika (ebusika). Izikhathi ezihlala eningizimu zicasha emihumeni yazo lapho kubanda, kepha aziweli ezithombeni ezimisiwe. Abagijimi bathanda ukufudumeza izinhlangothi zabo ngaphansi kwelanga elifudumele, bakhasa ukuphuma bavulele izindawo zelanga. Emini nokushisa okukhulu, bazama ukungashiyi izindawo zabo zokuhlala ezicashile.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi inyoka yommbila ayinazo izikhali ezinobuthi, futhi ukubukeka kwayo kuyakhanga futhi kuyinkani, yingakho isiphenduke intandokazi yangempela kwabaningi bama-terrariumists. Uma sikhuluma ngokuthambekela kwesirhubuluzi, ngokuya ngokuqinisekisa kwabo bonke abalimi abafanayo, unokuthula okukhulu, akahlukile ngokuhlukumezeka, unesimo sokuzola kanye nohlamvu oluhle ngokuphelele. Inyoka yombila yenza ukuxhumana kalula futhi ijwayele umuntu ngokushesha, iqale ukumethemba.
Izimfanelo ezinhle zenyoka zifaka ukungathobeki kwayo. Abagcini be-Terrarium bathi akunzima ukunakekela. Abanikazi bezinyoka baqinisekisa ukuthi inyoka uqobo lwayo ayisoze yaba eyokuqala ukuhlasela nokuluma umuntu. I-gutata inobungani kumnikazi wayo futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uzilawule. Ngenxa yobukhulu benyoka, ama-terrarium amancane alungele abagijimi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Inyoka yommbila engenabungozi ibukeka ifana kakhulu nenyoka eyikhanda lethusi eyingozi futhi inobuthi. Ngaphandle kokwazi ama-nuances, izinyoka zingadideka kalula. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ikhanda lenyoka yegundane lincishisiwe, futhi kunezindawo eziyizikwele ngombala.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Inyoka ebomvu yommbila
Izinyoka zivuthwa ngokocansi lapho sezinonyaka owodwa nohhafu, kepha abesifazane bakulungele ukuzala kusondele eminyakeni emithathu ubudala, ngoba thola isisindo esanele (cishe amagremu angama-300) nobude (cishe imitha). Endle, inkathi yomshado iqala ngoMashi futhi ihlala kuze kufike isikhathi sikaMeyi. Lokhu kwenzeka ezifundeni lapho izinyoka zilala khona. Lapho kufudumele khona, imidlalo yomshado ingenzeka unyaka wonke.
Izinyoka zommbila zingezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingama-oviparous, insikazi isesimweni cishe inyanga eyodwa nohhafu (kwesinye isikhathi ngaphansi), ngemuva kwalokho iqala inqubo enzima yokubeka amaqanda. Ukwakhiwa kwamatshe kuhlala ngeziqu ezibolile, izihlahla eziwile, izimbobo ezivalekile. Isimo esiyinhloko sokukhula ngempumelelo kwemibungu ukuthi indawo yokwakha izidleke inomswakama nemfudumalo edingekayo. Ngokuvamile, umama okhulelwe uzalela amaqanda ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu. Zinegobolondo elimhlophe nokuma kwamasilinda, ubude bazo bungaba kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-6 cm.Owesifazane wenza i-clutch kanye ngonyaka.
Isikhathi sokufukamela sihlala izinyanga ezimbalwa, emva kwalokho kuzalwe izinyoka ezincane, imibala yazo ibukeka kakhulu kunabazali bayo. Ngemuva kwe-molt ejwayelekile ngayinye, ukufakwa kombala kuyangezwa. Ukuncipha kuyaqhubeka kwezinyoka impilo yakho yonke, kubantu abasha kuvame kakhulu, futhi izinhlobo ezivuthiwe zingaphansi kwale nqubo kabili ngonyaka.
Iqiniso Elimnandi: Izinyoka ezisanda kuzalwa zinezinyo, abazisebenzisa ukuphula imbenge ngesikhathi sokuchanyuselwa.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zokufakelwa, izinyoka zamagundane nazo zizala ngempumelelo, into esemqoka ukuthi umnikazi we-terrarium udala zonke izimo ezidingekayo zalokhu. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi izinyoka ezisanda kuzalwa zenqabe ukudla, khona-ke udinga ukuziphoqa ukuze zikugweme ukufa, ngoba abantwana yibona abasengozini enkulu. Izinyoka zommbila zihlala ekuthunjweni iminyaka eyishumi, futhi ngisho nangaphansi endle. Kwakunezimo lapho izinyoka ezindaweni zasendle zazihlala khona kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-18.
Izitha zemvelo zezinyoka zommbila
Isithombe: Inyoka yommbila
Inyoka yombila ayinabo ubuthi obunobuthi futhi ayihlukile ngosayizi omkhulu, ngakho-ke inezitha eziningi endle. Izinyoni eziningi ezinkulu, ezidla ezinye aziphikisi ukudla inyoka yamagundane, lezi yizindwandwe, onogolantethe, ama-kites, onobhala bezinyoni, izinkozi ezidla izinyoka, oklebe. Ingozi ayilindeli izilwane ezinwabuzelayo zommbila hhayi emoyeni kuphela, izilwane eziningi ezisemhlabeni zisebenzisa izinyoka njengokudla okulula, phakathi kwazo izingulube zasendle, izingwe, amajagu, izingwenya, ama-mongoose, ama-honey badgers. Izisulu ezisengozini kakhulu futhi ezithinteka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokusongelwa yizilwane ezincane ezingenalwazi.
Abantu futhi bangabeka ingozi ezihuquzelayo, ngoba inyoka ivame ukuhlala eduze kwamakhaya abo. Umuntu uyakwazi ukudida inyoka ekhuphukayo engenamabala nesifonyo esinesihlungu esinekhanda lethusi, ngoba ngunochwepheshe onekhono kuphela ongahlukanisa. Imvamisa, isenzo sabantu esinobudlova siyinto engathandeki kulesirhubuluzi, ngoba, ngokuhlala ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba ngezidingo zabo, abantu baxosha izinyoka kancane kancane ezindaweni abahlala kuzo unomphela.
Usongo oluthile enyokeni lubangelwa amagundane namagundane, akhetha ukuwadla, ngoba amagundane avame ukutheleleka ngezifo ezahlukahlukene, okufa kuzo nazo izilwane ezihuquzelayo. Izinyoka ezigcwala e-terrarium zivame ukuba nempilo ebuthakathaka, izibalo ezinjalo zibhekwa kakhulu njalo. Ukufa ekuthunjweni ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile kwaqala ukubonwa njalo, okuyinto ecasula kakhulu abagcini be-terrarium. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yokungayigcini yonke imithetho edingekayo yokuphila okuhle komuntu wenyoka.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Inyoka enkulu yommbila
Indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwenyoka yommbila ibanzi kakhulu; ithatha cishe lonke izwekazi laseNyakatho Melika. E-United States, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sitholakala cishe yonke indawo. Abantu abaningi balezi zinyoka babonakala eduze kwamapulazi ahlukahlukene aseNyakatho Melika naseMexico.
Vele, imisebenzi yabantu inomthelela omubi kubamele abaningi bezilwane zomhlaba, kepha abukho ubufakazi bokuthi inani lenyoka yommbila lehle kakhulu. Abantu benyoka yegundane bahlala bezinzile, akukho lwazi ngokugxuma okubukhali maqondana nokwehla noma ukwanda.
Ngokususelwe kukho konke lokhu, kufanele kungezwe ukuthi inyoka yommbila noma inyoka ebomvu ayikho engcupheni yokuqothulwa, ayibangeli kukhathazeka phakathi kwezinhlangano zemvelo, ngakho-ke ayikho ngaphansi kokuvikelwa okukhethekile. Mhlawumbe isimo esihle kangaka maqondana nenani lezilwane ezihuquzelayo sithuthukile ngenxa yokuthi inyoka yommbila isiphenduke isilwane esithandwa kakhulu futhi izala ngempumelelo endaweni yezilwane, engenakujabula kodwa. Kuyathenjwa ukuthi isimo esizinzile kangaka kubantu balezi ezihuquzelayo ezimangalisayo sizoqhubeka nokuqhubeka, ngaphandle kokuthola izinsongo ezisobala ezinombolweni zabo ezivela ngaphandle.
Sengiphetha, ngifisa ukufisa bonke abanikazi balesi silokazane esiqhakazile nesihle, ukuze ngobuqotho bafeze izibopho zabo maqondana nokunakekelwa kwezinyoka, inyoka yommbila izobathokozisa iminyaka eminingi ngemibala yayo ecebile nenamanzi nobungani, isimilo esinokuthula, silethe imizwa eminingi emihle.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 19.06.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/23/2019 ngo-20: 45
