Uthingo lwenkosazana - isirhubuluzi exotic, okuyinto abe intandokazi hobbyists eziningi terrarium. Kubo bonke ubuhle bawo obukhazimulayo nobukhazikhazi, lo muntu oyinyoka angavela, avuselelwe yimisebe yelanga elikhanyayo. Okwamanje, i-boa constrictor ibukeka iheha ngempela. Sizoqonda ngokuningiliziwe empilweni yakhe, echaza hhayi kuphela izici zangaphandle, kepha imikhuba yemvelo, isimilo nesimo sobunyoka.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Rainbow boa
I-rainbow boa constrictor inelinye igama - i-aboma, lesi silwane esingenabuthi, singesomndeni wama-pseudopods nohlobo lwama-boas-lipped smooth. Umndeni ubizwa ngokuthi unyawo olungamanga, ngoba abamele bayo bagcina iziqalo zombili zezitho zangemuva kanye nesifuba. Ngaphandle, zifana nezinzipho.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu sothingo lwenkosazana yizinhlwathi, ezishaya ngobukhulu bazo obukhulu.
Phakathi kwamabhora othingo olubushelelezi, kunezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, uhlobo lwezinwele ezibushelelezi lumelwe:
- Izikebhe zothingo lwaseColombia;
- ICuba boa constrictor;
- I-Ford rainbow boa;
- Uthingo lwenkosazana iJamaican;
- uthingo lwenkosazana lwaseNingizimu Melika;
- i-haa constrictor encane yaseHaiti;
- Uthingo lwenkosazana yasePeruvia.
Zonke izikebhe ezingenhla zinezici zazo zangaphandle. Izikebhe ezincane zaseColombia zinomugqa obanzi onsundu emmangweni, ohlotshiswe ngamabala amakhulu amathoni we-beige. Izinhlobo ezivuthiwe zinombala onsundu noma obomvu ngokubomvu, zihlotshiswe ngokukhanya kothingo okunothile emisebeni yelanga.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Phakathi kwamabhokisi othingo lwenkosazana yaseNingizimu Melika, kukhona ama-subspecies ayisishiyagalombili ahlukene, umbala wawo uhlukahlukene kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukuchaza lolu hlobo luphelele.
Izikebhe ze-rainbow zasePeruvia zifana ngokucacile nezikebhe zaseBrazil, zihlukaniswa kuphela ngenani lesikali nephethini emise okwendandatho ngemuva. Ezikebheni ze-rainbow zaseCuba, umhlobiso ohlukile ubonakala ngokusobala, onoshokoledi noma umbala omnyama. Izikebhe ze-rainbow zaseHaiti zihlukaniswa ngesizinda esivamile se-beige, lapho amabala amnyama, aluhlaza noma ushokoledi angabonakala khona, atholakala ngokukhulu ukuthuthuka.
Ividiyo: Uthingo lwenkosazana Boa
Kungani i-boa constrictor ibizwa ngokuthi uthingo, uma ithoni ejwayelekile yezinambuzane eziningi isukela ku-beige okhanyayo kuya kushokholethi omnyama? Into ukuthi lo muntu wenyoka uguquke ngendlela eyisimanga uma nje ilanga elikhanyayo liwela phezu kwalo. I-boa constrictor iqala ukucwebezela, njengehologram, icwebezela ngayo yonke imibala yothingo futhi ithakathe eminye.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Inyoka ye-rainbow boa
Yize izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamabhora othingo zinikezwe izici zazo ezihlukile, zisenezici ezifanayo ezijwayelekile zohlobo lomndeni. Ubude balezi ezihuquzelayo zamazwekazi bufinyelela kumamitha amabili. Inyoka yothingo lwenyanga eyodwa nohhafu zivame kakhulu. Isisindo sezilwane ezihuquzelayo sisuka kumagremu angamakhulu ayisikhombisa kuya kumakhilogremu amabili. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwale boa constrictor ubukhona besikali esikhulu nesifana endaweni ephakathi kwamehlo enyoka.
I-rainbow boa constrictor ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi yindoda enhle yangempela. Ubalwe phakathi kwabantu abayishumi abakhanga kakhulu bezinyoka emhlabeni.
Ithoni yesikhumba esihhahhamezayo ingaba:
- nsundu;
- imvu;
- okubomvu okunsundu.
Ummango uhlotshiswe ngezimagqabhagqabha ezinkulu ze-shades ezikhanyayo, ezingqamene nokushaywa kwemivimbo emnyama, okwenza umphumela wamasongo. Ezinhlangothini kunamabala amancane, anikezwe umugqa okhanyayo wokukhanya. Isikhungo samabala asemaceleni simnyama, uma ukude zibukeka njengamehlo anomfundi omnyama. Eduze kwesisu, amachashazi amnyama amancane angabonakala. Ingxenye yesisu uqobo inethoni elula.
Njengoba sekushiwo, elangeni, i-aboma iyakhanya futhi icwebezela, ijabulisa ngobuningi bayo. Isikali se-boa constrictor sibushelelezi, ngaphandle kokubamba futhi kumnandi ekuthintweni. Izikali zenyoka, njengama-prism, zibonisa imisebe yelanga, icwebezela ngokugqamile okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okotshani, okunsomi, okubomvu nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kukaningi, kepha kukhona abantu abangenayo iphethini yesici, kepha bayacwazimula elangeni ngendlela enhle futhi ehehayo.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Lapho i-rainbow boa isakaza, isikhumba sayo esilahliwe siba nombala futhi asinakho umhlobiso wesici.
Uhlala kuphi uthingo lwenkosazana?
Isithombe: I-rainbow boa eBrazil
Ama-rainbow boas asakazeke kakhulu eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Amabhayi ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezinomswakama, emahlathini, emigodini emikhulu yemifula (i-Orinoco, i-Amazon). Zikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni eziseduze nemithombo yamanzi. Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-rainbow constrictor zisabalele kakhulu endle. Indawo yokusabalalisa incike kuma-subspecies athile.
Uthingo lwenkosazana yaseColombia lukhethe iPanama, enyakatho yezwekazi laseNingizimu Melika kanye neCosta Rica. Ngamanani amancane atholakala eziqhingini zaseTrinidad naseTobago, eMargarita, endaweni esogwini lwaseGuiana. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithanda amahlathi omile aseduze kwama-savanna.
Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi i-aboma yaseNingizimu Melika yanqunywa futhi yasakazwa kabanzi kuyo yonke iNingizimu Melika. Le boa constrictor ihlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ezindaweni ezishisayo, nasemathafeni nasemasimini anesimo sezulu esomile. IParaguay boa constrictor ayitholakali kuphela kubukhulu beParaguay, kepha nasezindaweni ezisemaxhaphozini ezise-Argentina naseBrazil. Izinhlobo ze-boa constrictor zase-Argentina sezizinze ezindaweni zase-Argentina, eBolivia futhi zihlala emagqumeni e-Andes.
Ama-subspecies ayisishiyagalolunye we-aboma ahlala ezindaweni zase-India. Izilwane ezinwabuzelayo eziningi ziyabonakala eBahamas naseHaiti. Izinhlobo zaseCuba ze-rainbow constrictor zibhaliswe eCuba. AmaBoas nawo akhethe iJamaica, iPuerto Rico neVirgin ne-Antilles.
Ama-Abomas angahlala ezindaweni ezinamathafa ahluke ngokuphelele, ahlala:
- emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo;
- ezindundeni zigcwele izihlahla eziminyene;
- emaxhaphozini;
- izindawo ezivulekile zezintaba;
- i-savannah;
- izindawo ezingama-semi-desert.
Izindawo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zikhomba ukuthi ama-rainbow boas angamapulasitiki emvelo kakhulu futhi angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezindawo ezahlukahlukene ezizungezile.
Manje uyazi lapho kuhlala khona uthingo lwenkosazana (aboma). Ake sibone ukuthi udlani.
Idliwa yini uthingo lwenkosazana?
Isithombe: I-rainbow boa evela eNcwadini Ebomvu
Ngokwengxenye enkulu, imenyu yamabhodle uthingo iqukethe zonke izinhlobo zamagundane hhayi izinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zinokudla okulula okukhethekile. Izikebhe zaseCuba zengeza ukudla kwazo ngamalulwane nama-iguana, kwesinye isikhathi zidla ezinye izidalwa zezinyoka. Lezi zinhlobo zikhetha ukuzingela lapho ziqamekele khona, zilinde ngesineke izisulu ezingaba khona. Ama-Ford boas achitha isikhathi esiningi emqhele wezihlahla kanye nezibankwa kugqame kwimenyu yabo.
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi lapho ikhula futhi ikhulu i-boa constrictor, izitsha zikhulu kwimenyu yayo. Njengokwesimo sazo zonke izikebhe, uthingo lubamba inyamazane yalo ngamazinyo alo, bese lisebenzisa inqubo yokuminca, luphendukezele umzimba walo wemisipha luzungeze lona. Ngesikhathi sokudla, ikakhulukazi lapho inyamazane inkulu kakhulu, kubonakala sengathi i-boa iyazibambela inyamazane yayo, iyigwinya kancane kancane. I-Metabolism kuma-boas ihamba kancane, ngakho-ke ukugaya kungathatha ngaphezu kosuku olulodwa, kepha kaningi isonto lonke noma ngisho nezimbili.
Izikebhe ze-rainbow ezihlala kuma-terrariums nazo zondliwa ngamagundane nezinyoni. Ama-boas amancane aphathwa amagundane asanda kuzalwa. Imvamisa yokondla incike kubudala besilwane esihuquzelayo nezimpawu zaso. Abantu abasha nabesifazane abasesikhundleni bondliwa kaningi (kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu), futhi amanye ama-boas avuthiwe angondliwa kaningi. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-boa constrictor ihlale inamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Rainbow boa
I-rainbow boa incamela ukuhlala yodwa, ihamba ikakhulu ebusweni bomhlaba. Lokhu kwenziwa ngabantu abavuthiwe bezinyoka, kanti abasha bahola indlela yokuphila engaphelele, bachitha isikhathi esiningi emqhele wezihlahla, bephumula emagatsheni amakhulu. Uthingo lwenkosazana luphunyuka ekushiseni okungabekezeleleki ngokugoqa lube ngamahlamvu noma umhlabathi obolile obolile, ngaleyondlela kuphole.
U-Aboma ungumbhukudi omuhle kakhulu, akusizi ngalutho ukuthi uhlala eduze nezindawo zamanzi, ngoba izibonelo ezivuthiwe azinankinga ngokushaya emanzini aqabulayo. Amehlo esirhubuluzi abukhali, afana nokhozi, nephunga laso lihle kakhulu. I-boa constrictor nayo inedivayisi edingeka kakhulu - ulimi lwayo oluyimfoloko, lapho inyoka, njenge-scanner, ihlola indawo ezungezile, ithola izisulu nabantu abangabafuni. Ama-rainbow boas aqala ukusebenza kusihlwa, ancamela ukuzingela ebusuku.
Uma sikhuluma ngohlobo nesimo salezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo, ama-terrariumists aqaphela ukuthi anokuthula impela, awahlukile ngokuhlukumeza okuthile kubantu. Vele, uma ucabanga kuphela ngethiyori, khona-ke i-boa constrictor iyakwazi ukuklinya umuntu, kepha mancane impela amacala anjalo. Ukuze i-boa constrictor yenze ukwamukela okuklinyiwe okuyingozi kumuntu, kufanele yesabe noma ifuthe ngolaka ngobusathane.
Ngenxa yombala wazo omuhle nokudlala ekukhanyeni, ama-abomas athandwa kakhulu ngabathandi bezinyoka, ngakho-ke ziya ngokuya ziba yizilwane ezifuywayo, futhi akunzima kakhulu ukuzigcina, ngoba zizolile futhi azithobeki. Endle, i-boa constrictor, ibona i-biped, izama ukuhlehla ngokushesha ukuze umhlangano ongafuneki ungabi khona.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-rainbow boa eBrazil
I-rainbow boa constrictor ayinakubizwa ngokuthi isilwane esihuquzelayo ngokuhlanganyela; ikhetha ukuhlala yodwa kuze kufike isikhathi sonyaka womshado. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesifazane ukhombisa ukulungela kwakhe ukuya ocansini, egqamisa imfihlo ekhethekile enephunga. I-Cavalier, enuka leli phunga elihehayo, iyashesha ukuyifuna. Kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi abakhongi abaningana ngasikhathi sinye bafune umuntu oyedwa wesifazane. Esimweni esinjalo, ukungqubuzana kwabaqhudelana akunakugwenywa. Aqala ukushayisana, aphikisane aze alume. Owinile uthola ilungelo lokuba ngowesifazane, futhi ophikisayo ohluliwe uyasuswa.
Inyoka yesifazane isesimweni cishe izinyanga ezinhlanu. Akabekeli amaqanda, ngoba uthingo boas kukhona ezihuquzelayo viviparous. Imvamisa, kuzalwa izinyoka ezisukela kwayisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyishumi nanhlanu, ubude bazo obungafinyelela uhhafu wemitha, kepha kaningi bunobude obucishe bube ngama-25 noma ama-30 cm, futhi ubukhulu bazo abuvamile ukudlula amagremu angama-20. Inqubo yokuqala ye-molt iqala ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15 ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ngemuva kokuthi isidlulile, izinyoka ezincane ziqala ukuzingela nokuthuthuka kwazo okusebenzayo. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zoThingo lwenkomo zikhula kuyo yonke impilo yenyoka, ngakho-ke zivame ukuncibilika - cishe kathathu noma kane ngonyaka.
Ekuthunjweni, ama-abomas nawo azala ngenkuthalo nangempumelelo, ema-zoo nasezindaweni ezizimele zangasese. Ezimweni ezinhle, abantu abasha ngokushesha bayakhula babe namandla futhi bakhule, bafinyelele kumitha ubude ngonyaka owodwa. Isikhathi sokuphila sama-rainbow boas ngokwemvelo sisukela kweshumi nambili kuya kwamashumi amabili eminyaka. Ezimweni zokwenziwa, izinyoka zihlala isikhathi eside kunasendle.
Izitha zemvelo zamabhodle uthingo
Isithombe: Inyoka ye-rainbow boa
Yize i-rainbow boa constrictor inkulu impela, inezitha eziningi ezimweni zemvelo. Isirhubuluzi asinabo ubuthi, ngakho-ke, izinga lokuba sengozini kwalo liyakhula.
I-rainbow boa constrictor yabantu abadala ingaba isidlo:
- ama-jaguar;
- izingulube zasendle;
- ama-caimans;
- izidlo ezinezimpaphe ezinkulu.
Izilwane ezincane ezingenalwazi nezinyoka ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukuhlushwa ama-hedgehogs, ama-coyotes, ukuqapha izibankwa. Usongo lwezikebhe luvela kuzimpungushe, amagwababa amakhulu, ama-kites, ama-mongoose amadala.
Isitha se-boa constrictor singabizwa nangokuthi umuntu ovame ukungena ezindaweni zokuthunyelwa unomphela kwezihuquzelayo, azisuse ezindaweni ezihlala abantu. Abantu babamba i-aboma yokuqhubeka nokuthengisa kabusha kuma-terrarium hobbyists. Kwamanye amazwe, amabhamu abhekwa njengesibiliboco sangempela, ngakho-ke izinyoka zivame ukubulawa ngenhloso yokudla.
Ukuzivikela, ama-boas anezinye izindlela zawo nezimpawu zawo. I-boa constrictor ethukile noma ethukuthele ikhipha umsindo omkhulu futhi ingaluma. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zothingo lwenkobe lwaseCuba ziguquka ngokuzivikela. Amehlo abo abomvu futhi amathonsi egazi ayabonakala emilonyeni yabo. Izinhlobonhlobo zamakhumbi, njenge-Enygrus asper, ifana nenyoka eyingozi ngokubukeka futhi iyazi ukugxuma ngokuphelele. Emzabalazweni wempilo yabo, zonke izindlela zilungile, ngakho-ke amanye ama-boas aya kumaqhinga ahlukahlukene.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Rainbow boa, noma aboma
Yize izikebhe zothingo zisabalale kakhulu kuyo yonke iMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, ziningi izinto ezimbi ezithinta indlela abaziphilisa ngayo, okuholela ekwehleni kancane kancane kwabantu, ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ziyivelakancane futhi kunzima ukuhlangabezana nazo.
Okokuqala, imisebenzi yabantu enobudlova ithinta kabi izinga lempilo le-Abom. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukugeleza kwamaxhaphozi, ukulima umhlaba ngezidingo zezolimo, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuhlala abantu nemigwaqo emikhulu kunciphisa isibalo samabhamu othingo, kuphazamisa isigqi sabo sempilo futhi kubasuse ezindaweni zabo ezijwayelekile zokuhlala.
Ngaphezu kwazo zonke lezi zinto ezingenhla, ama-boas ahlushwa ukuthandwa kwawo phakathi kwama-terrariums. Avamise ukubanjwa ukuze azithengisele ezandleni zangasese. Kwezinye izifundazwe, i-Aboma iyadliwa, okubuye kuthinte abantu ngendlela embi. Ngokusobala, inani lamabhishi othingo alikafiki ezingeni elibucayi ngenxa yokuthi azithobekile futhi zizala kahle emaphoyiseni, ezindaweni ezigcinwe ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene nasezindaweni ezizimele, ezingathokozi. Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo sezingavamile kakhulu futhi zingaphela ngokuphelele.
Ukuqapha amabhamu othingo
Isithombe: I-rainbow boa evela kwi-Red Book
Njengoba sekushiwo, ukuthambekela maqondana nenani lamabhamu othingo akulungile neze, inani labantu balesi silwane esinwabuzelayo esimangalisayo lincipha kancane kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yesici esaziwayo somuntu esithinta izilwane eziningi, kubandakanya ne-aboma.
Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo ezisongelwayo ze-rainbow serpentine. Lapha ungasho igama le-rainbow constrictor yaseJamaican, inani lalo elathinteka kakhulu ngesikhathi sekoloni laseYurophu. Lezi zinyoka zibanjwe ngobuningi zaze zaqothulwa. Ososayensi babekholelwa ukuthi ngekhulu lama-20, lolu hlobo luzonyamalala ngokuphelele emajukujukwini aseJamaica, kodwa i-boa constrictor yaba nenhlanhla yokuhlala esiqhingini esincane esibizwa ngokuthi yiGoat Island. Manje lolu hlobo luvikelwe yiziphathimandla zaseJamaican, ngokuba ngaphansi kweso elibhekele phambili lezazi zezilwane. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zizalwa ngendlela efanele ukuze zigweme usongo lokuqothulwa kwazo ngokuphelele.
Ensimini yasePuerto Rico, isimo esifanayo esibi siyakhula njengaseJamaica; iPuerto Rican boa constrictor inganyamalala ngokuphelele ebusweni bomhlaba ngenxa yokuhamba ezindaweni zokuthunyelwa unomphela nokusetshenziswa ngabantu bendawo. Manje le boa constrictor iyagadwa futhi izama ukugcina izinombolo zayo ngokuzalanisa ezimweni zokufakelwa.
Ohlwini Olubomvu lwe-IUCN kanye Nezithasiselo I noma II zeSivumelwano Sokuhwebelana Ngamazwe Ngamazwe, kunezinhlobo ezi-5 zezinkomo zamazinyo abushelelezi:
- I-Puerto Rican;
- Cuban;
- mona;
- mncane;
- mnyama nephuzi.
Uma izindlela zokuzivikela eziphathelene nezinhlobo ezisengozini yezilwane zasolwandle zisebenza kahle, izinhlobo ezingavamile zizothola insindiso ekusongelweni kokuqothulwa okuphelele, khona-ke umbuzo wokwenza umsebenzi ochazayo kanye nenkulumo-ze phakathi kwabantu bomdabu maqondana nokungangeneleli kwabantu endaweni yezilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nesimo sabo sokuzinakekela ngalezi zinyoka kuzobalulekile.
Njengoba sengifunde izinto eziningi ezintsha nezijabulisayo ngempilo yezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinhle njengama-rainbow boas, ngifuna ukunxusa abantu ukuthi bazinakekele futhi bazihloniphe, yize kungakhathalekile ukuthi uhlala kuphi lomuntu oyinyoka - e-terrarium noma endle. Uthingo lwenkosazana iyaqinisekisa igama layo, ngoba liletha isimo sothingo, sidlala ngemibala ekhanyayo ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo kwelanga.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: Juni 17, 2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/23/2019 ngo-20: 20
