Rook - inyoni eletha imfudumalo. Lokhu yilokho abantu abakubiza ngakho kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, lapho kwaqalwa okokuqala ukuthi ngokufika kwama-rook, ukufudumala kwaqala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho. Ngalesi sizathu, isimo sengqondo ngama-rooks sifudumele kunakwamanye ama-corvids. Ama-Rook awamemezeli nje kuphela ukufika kwentwasahlobo ebikade ilindelwe, kepha futhi ahlakaniphile kakhulu, yizilwane ezinengqondo esheshayo. Ungaqiniseka ngalokhu mathupha ngokutadisha lezi zinyoni ngokuningiliziwe, imikhuba yazo, indlela yokuphila kanye nezimfanelo zemvelo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Grach
Amarokhethi ahlotshaniswa nokuwa kweqhwa okuningi, ilanga elikhanyayo, imifudlana yokuqala egijima. Yize zazibukeka kabi, lezi zinyoni zazikwazi ukuthandwa ngabantu. Futhi konke lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bangama-harbinger wokuza kwentwasahlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu lezinye izimpawu nezinkolelo zabantu zihlotshaniswa nama-rook. Ngosizo lwabo, ababikezeli nje kuphela isibikezelo sezulu, kodwa futhi bahlela umsebenzi othile wezolimo.
Ividiyo: Grach
Rook kungokomyalelo wabantu abadlulayo, umndeni wama-corvids. Le nyoni ingeyehlobo lohlobo lwamagwababa lwezimpawu eziningi zangaphandle nezokuziphatha. Kodwa-ke, kunokwehluka okuningi phakathi kwalezi zinyoni. I-rook ihlukaniswa negwababa elijwayelekile ngokwakha okuncane, ngomlomo omncane futhi omfishane. Kulula kakhulu ukubona ama-rook. Lezi yizinyoni ezimnyama ngokuphelele, ubukhulu bazo abudluli ngamasentimitha angamashumi amane nesikhombisa. Elangeni, umbala wezimpaphe zawo ungafaka onsomi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Iningi lososayensi likholelwa ukuthi izinga lobuhlakani be-rook licishe lifane nelechimpanzee. Lezi zinyoni ziyakwazi ukusebenzisa izinto ezithuthukisiwe ukuthola ukudla, njengezinyani.
Lolu hlobo lwenyoni lubonakala ngokuba namasu, ubuhlakani. Bayazi ukuthi bangazitholela kanjani ukudla ngamakhona angenakufinyeleleka kakhulu. Kulolu daba, bangasizwa ngenduku, igatsha lesihlahla, ucingo. Izinyoni azisebenzisi nje kuphela izinto, kodwa futhi "zingazithuthukisa" ukufeza izinhloso zazo. Isibonelo, isilwane singakha kalula ucingo ngocingo ukuze sithole ucezu lwesinkwa ebhodleleni elincane.
Amarokhi enza imisindo efana kakhulu nemisindo eyenziwe amagwababa ajwayelekile. Noma kunjalo, lezi zilwane azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi abaculi. Banama-hoarse, ama-bass, hhayi izwi elimnandi impela.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Rook bird
Akuwona wonke umuntu wesimanje ongahlukanisa i-rook kunegwababa elijwayelekile. Lezi zilwane ziyefana impela, kulula ukuzidida ukude. Kodwa-ke, akunzima ukubona i-rook eduze.
Inezici zesici sangaphandle:
- umuntu omdala kuyaqabukela efinyelela amasentimitha angamashumi amahlanu ngobude. Ubude obumaphakathi ngamasentimitha angamashumi amane nesikhombisa, okungaphansi kosayizi wegwababa;
- izimpaphe zinombala omsulwa omnyama. Kuphela elangeni lapho inyoni ingafaka khona nsomi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba wale nyoni ukhipha i-sebum. Igcobisa izimpaphe, izenze zicwebezele, zingangeni manzi futhi ziminyene. Lesi sici sisiza lezi zilwane ngesikhathi sezindiza. Ngenxa ye-sebum, ama-rooks athuthukisa isivinini ngokushesha, abekezelela uhambo olude kalula;
- Uqhwaku lwama rooks lufushane, luzacile, luqinile. Lesi isici esibalulekile salezi zinhlobo zezinyoni, esibahlukanisa namanye ama-corvids. Kumarokhi amancane, uqhwaku ludwetshwe ngomthunzi ogqamile omnyama. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umbala uyaphela, ube mpunga. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izilwane ziningi futhi zivame ukumba emhlabathini;
- izidladla eziqinile. Izidladla zale nyoni zinezinzipho eziqinile, phezulu zine "bhulukwe". "Amabhulukwe" akhiwa ngezimpaphe ezincane;
- imisipha eqinile, eqinile. Isicubu senkukhu sinamanani aphezulu emvelo. Cishe amaphesenti ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye wesisindo somzimba esiphelele yimisipha yendiza. Lokhu kuvumela isilwane ukuba sihambe ngobuciko emoyeni, sithole ngokushesha isivinini;
- indiza ebukhali, ecishe iphelele. Uma ubheka esibhakabhakeni, lezi zinyoni zingahlukaniswa kalula nezinye. Zindiza kahle, zishesha. Futhi, isici sabo yikhono lokususa ngokushesha endaweni. Amagwababa adinga ukuphuma okuncane. Kufanele zishaye amaphiko azo amakhulu ngokushesha futhi kanzima ukuthola ukuphakama.
Ihlala kuphi i-rook?
Isithombe: Black Rook
Amarokhi yizilwane ezivamile. Zihlala nomaphi lapho izimo zezulu zihlangabezana nezidingo zazo nalapho kukhona ukudla okufanele khona. Lezi zinyoni zithanda isimo sezulu esipholile, kepha ziyakwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa kalula futhi zingaba khona ezindaweni ezibandayo. Eziningi zalezi zilwane zikhetha ukuhlala enkabeni ye-Eurasia. Atholakala yonke indawo kusuka eScandinavia kuya olwandle iPacific. Amarokhi awatholakali kuphela kwezinye izingxenye ze-Asia.
Ayikho inqwaba yamarokhi ahlala eKazakhstan, eCrimea, eTurkey, eGeorgia, e-Italy, eFrance, eTurkmenistan. Futhi, izinyoni zihlala ezifundeni eziseningizimu, emaphakathi eRussia, e-Ukraine, eBelarus, ePoland. Ama-Rooks atholakala kaningi e-Afghanistan, India naseGibhithe. Izinyoni azihlali isikhathi eside maphakathi neRussia. Lapho isimo sezulu esibanda singena, bandizela ezindaweni ezifudumele. Amarokhi awatholakali kuphela ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu ebusika obunzima.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ama-Rook angabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi yizilwane zamakholoni. Basatshalaliswa ngokungalingani impela kuyo yonke indawo yendawo yabo yemvelo. Lezi zinyoni zikhetha izindawo ezithile kuphela zokuphila, zivame ukushintsha indawo yazo yokuhlala, zifudukele emazweni ahlukahlukene afudumele.
Abantu abaningi kunabo bonke bangatholakala ngqo emadolobheni, emadolobheni amakhulu nasemaphandleni. Lezi yizilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu ezikhetha ukuhlala eduze kwabantu - lapho ungathola khona ukudla njalo. Ziyashesha ukuhlakanipha futhi zihlala zibuya emva kobusika ezindaweni ezifudumele ngesikhathi lapho umhlaba ulinywa khona. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni zithola amabhungane amaningi, izibungu nezinye izinambuzane emasimini, zimba emhlabeni ovulekile.
Naphezu "kothando" oluthile lokuhamba ibanga elide, akuwona wonke ama-rook afudukayo. Abaningi bahlala ezindaweni zabo zokuhlala unomphela. Imvamisa ama-rook ahlala phansi angatholakala phakathi kwalabo abahlala emadolobheni amakhulu nasezifundeni lapho isimo sezulu singesibi kakhulu ebusika.
Idlani i-rook?
Isithombe: Big Rook
Isici esibalulekile esinomthelela ekusindeni kwama-rook kanye nenani lawo elikhulu liyi-omnivorous. Lezi zinyoni ziyohlala zithola okuthile okudliwayo, zibuyise ubungqabavu. Badla cishe yonke into. Kodwa-ke, isisekelo sokudla kwabo kusekudla kwamaprotheni: izibungu, amabhungane, izinambuzane, izibungu ezahlukahlukene. Amarokhi akuthola ukudla okunjalo ngaphansi komhlaba, emba ngentshiseko kukho ngoqhwaku lwabo olufushane kodwa olunamandla. Lezi zinyoni zingabonakala emihlambini emasimini asanda kulinywa. Ngalesi sikhathi, kulula kakhulu ukuthi izilwane zithole ukudla kwamaprotheni.
Amarokhi angadala ingozi uma efuna ukudla emasimini alinyiwe. Kanye nezinambuzane, izibungu zezinyoni zidla okusanhlamvu okutshalwe ngabantu. Kepha lokhu kulimala kuphansi kakhulu kunezinzuzo zama-rook. Lolu hlobo lwenyoni luhlanza ngokuphelele amasimu, umhlaba wezolimo kusuka ezinambuzane, noma kusuka kumagundane asensimini.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Isitha esibi kunazo zonke sabalimi yisiphazamisi sefudu. Lesi sinambuzane sonakalisa inani elikhulu lezitshalo, sidale umonakalo omkhulu. Noma kunenani elincane lezimfudu, isivuno sithathwa njengesicishe saphela. Amarokhi ayindlela ephumelelayo yokubhekana nezimbungulu ezinjalo. Umhlambi omncane walezi zinyoni ungasusa ngokushesha insimu yezimfudu.
Futhi, ukudla kwansuku zonke kwama-rook kufaka:
- ama-molluscs, ama-crustaceans amancane, izinkalankala. Izinyoni ezihlala emahlathini aseduze nemizimba yamanzi nemifula zondla izilwane ezinjalo;
- izinyoni ezincane, inzalo yazo. Kwesinye isikhathi umhlambi wamarokhi ungahlasela izidleke zezinyoni ezincane;
- amagundane amancane. Amarokhi abhekana kalula namagundane asensimini, amagundane amancane;
- imbewu, izithelo, okusanhlamvu, imifino, amajikijolo, izithelo;
- imfucuza yokudla. Amarokhi ahlala emadolobheni amakhulu ancamela ukudla ngqo ezindaweni zokulahla udoti nasezindaweni zokulahla udoti.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Rook ebusika
Amarokhi yizinyoni ezigcwala. Bakhetha ukuchitha isikhathi ezindaweni ezivulekile, zamahhala. Zivame ukubonakala emikhakheni yezolimo, ezihlahleni, eziseduze nogu lomfula. Lezi zinyoni zichitha isikhathi esiningi emaphethelweni ehlathi, kwesinye isikhathi zivela emapaki amakhulu asedolobheni. Ama-rook wedolobha angachitha usuku lonke ngqo eceleni kwabantu. Bazizwa kamnandi ngokuhlangana namajuba, amagwababa kanye nabanye abamele umndeni we-corvid.
Lezi zinyoni zakha izidleke zazo ezihlahleni ezinde kakhulu, emakoloni wonke. Kwesinye isikhathi isibalo semibhangqwana ehlala endaweni eyodwa singafinyelela kwinkulungwane. Uma izinyoni zihlala eduze kwedolobha elikhulu, khona-ke izakhamuzi zalo zizokwazi ngokushesha lokhu, ngoba ikoloni elikhulu lama-rook linomsindo omkhulu. Izilwane zihlala zixhumana, kwesinye isikhathi zenze imisindo engeyona emnandi kakhulu. Njengoba ososayensi bathole, ngesikhathi sokuxhumana okunjalo, ama-rook angadlulisa imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Isibonelo, mayelana nendawo lapho ungazuza khona kahle.
Kuphinde kwavezwa ngokwesilingo ukuthi kuyo yonke imihlambi yama-rook kukhona umholi. Le nyoni ebaluleke kakhulu. Wonke umuntu uyamlalela futhi uyamhlonipha. Uma kunengozi, ngumholi oxwayisa umhlambi, futhi ashiye leyo ndawo engaphephile ngokushesha. Sonke isikhathi sikhululekile ekwakheni isidleke, ukunakekela inzalo nokuthola ukudla, ama-rook achitha emidlalweni. Bangadlulisela izinti komunye nomunye, badlale ngamagatsha, izinto ezicwebezelayo. Ngale ndlela, izilwane zandisa izinga lokuzijabulisa kwazo.
Imvelo yama-rook ayinakubizwa ngokuthi ukuzola. Ziyizinyoni ezinobungane, ezihlekisayo, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zingaba nolaka. Ulaka luvame ukuzibonakalisa maqondana nomakhelwane babo abasephaketheni. Basusa ukudla kwababuthakathaka, bangabandakanyeka empini eshubile yangempela.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Rook esihlahleni
Ngokufudumala kokuqala, ngokuvela kwelanga lasentwasahlobo, ama-rook abuya emazweni afudumele. NgoMashi, inkathi yabo yokukhwelana iyaqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni zihlukana ngababili bese ziqala ukuzakhela indlu nezingane zabo zesikhathi esizayo. Ukwakhiwa kuqala eduze kuka-Ephreli. Ngalezi zinhloso, izilwane zisebenzisa utshani obomile, uboya bezinja, amagatsha, umhlaba omanzi, ubumba, iphepha nezinye izinto eziseduze. Izidleke zezinyoni zibekwa ezihlahleni ezinde.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Rooks "umndeni", izinyoni eziqotho. Bakhetha izithandani impilo yabo yonke futhi abaze bahlukane nomlingani wabo. Okuwukuphela kwento eyenzekayo lapho umlingani efa ngokungalindelekile nangaphambi kwesikhathi.
Indawo ephakeme yezidleke kungenxa yokuthi ziyabonakala impela. Isidleke singafinyelela ubude bamasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa, ngakho-ke izinyoni kufanele zisivikele ekuhlaselweni yizilwane nabantu. Izindlu zezinyoni zakhiwa zithembekile, ngoba zingazisebenzisa isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Ngisho nangaphandle kokuba sekhaya isikhathi eside, i-rook izohlala ithola isidleke sayo, lapho, kanye nomlingani wayo, izokhulisa futhi ikhulise inzalo entsha.
Ehlobo, i-rook pair ivame ukubeka amaqanda kanye. Ezimweni ezingavamile kuphela kukhona ama-clutches amabili ngonyaka. Isibalo samaqanda ku-clutch eyodwa asidluli kwayisithupha. Amaqanda makhulu kakhulu futhi anombala oluhlaza okotshani. Bobabili abazali bangafukamela amaqanda, kepha imvamisa owesifazane uhlala enenzalo. Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, amaphuphu aqala ukuvela. Ekuqaleni, abanakuzisiza, bahamba-ze, ngakho-ke abazali kufanele banakekele izingane zabo ngokucophelela.
Umama unakekela amaphuphu angenakuzisiza, kanti ubaba usebenza njengomphakeli. Lapho izingane zibopha, insikazi isiza eyesilisa. Cishe cishe inyanga, isizukulwane esisha sama-rook silungele ukundiza kokuqala, futhi kwenye inyanga, impilo ezimele ngokuphelele.
Izitha zemvelo zama-rook
Isithombe: Grach
Njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izilwane, ama-rook ngokuvamile awela ekuhlaselweni yizitha zemvelo.
Phakathi kwazo kukhona okulandelayo:
- izinyoni ezizingelayo. Izikhova zokhozi, izikhova, izinkozi zegolide, nezinye izidlakela eziningi ezinamaphiko zihlasela ama-rook futhi cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi zinqoba empini eshubile;
- izilwane ezincelisayo. Izimpungushe, izimpisi, amabhere, izidalwa ezincane nazo zivame ukuzingela lezi zinyoni. Kodwa-ke, akunakushiwo ukuthi ukuzingela kuhlala kuphela ngempumelelo. Amarokhi awazona izisulu ezilula zalezi zilwane ezidla ezinye. Banobungcweti, bangasuka ngesinono endaweni bacashe esibhakabhakeni;
- abantu. Ngaphandle kokuthi ama-rook asiza kakhulu umhlaba wezolimo, nawo awalimaza. Lezi zinyoni zibhubhisa izitshalo ezintsha zokusanhlamvu, ummbila, izithombo ezisencane. Umonakalo onje uletha ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kubalimi. Kungakho abantu bephoqeleka ukuthi babekele izingibe ezikhethekile ama-rook futhi babadubule. Noma kunjalo, ukubhujiswa okunjalo kwezinyoni akunakubizwa ngokuthi kukhulu;
- ama-parasites amancane, amazenze, amabhaktheriya. Zenza umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yezinyoni, zinciphise isikhathi sokuphila sonke, uma kungenjalo ziholele ekufeni okusheshayo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Phambilini, inani elikhulu lezinyoni lalibanjwa futhi labulawa ngabantu ngezizathu ezihluke ngokuphelele. Inyama yerokhi yayidla kakhulu abampofu. Lesi sidlo sasithandwa kakhulu eJalimane nase-Ukraine.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Rook bird
Ngenxa yokungcola okukhulu kwemvelo, ukugawulwa okukhulu kwezihlahla, ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwezibulala-zinambuzane lapho kucutshungulwa amasimu, ososayensi baqala ukubhekisisa kakhulu izinga labantu besilwane ngasinye. Amarokhi - hhayi okuhlukile. Ngenhlanhla, lolu hlobo lwenyoni lunendawo ebanzi yokusabalalisa, inani labantu elingenakulinganiswa eminyakeni edlule. Kuze kube manje, isimo sokongiwa kwale nyoni sesibekiwe njenge-Least Concern.
Lesi simo sokongiwa kwemvelo sisho ukuthi ema-rook aseduze kakhulu awekho engcupheni yokuqothulwa emhlabeni wethu. Lezi zinyoni ezivundile, eziqinile zizoba ngomunye wemindeni eminingi kakhulu yama-corvids isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinyoni ezivela kweminye imindeni, inani lama-rook alilikhulu. Unesilinganiso esifanele. Inani lezinyoni lithinteka kabi yizitha zemvelo, izibulala-zinambuzane, nempilo emfushane.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ngaphandle kwamandla emvelo aphakeme kakhulu, ama-rook awahlali isikhathi eside. Abantu abadala bavame ukufa beneminyaka emine. Kodwa-ke, lapho ososayensi berekhode irekhodi eliphelele esikhathini sokuphila. E-UK, kwatholakala idokodo elakwazi ukuhlala iminyaka engamashumi amabili nantathu endle.
Rooks yizinyoni ezikufanele ngempela ukunakwa komuntu. Azizinhle kuphela, kepha futhi zihlakaniphile. Kanye nezihlobo zabo eziseduze amagwababa echobana, rook kukhombisa ukuhlakanipha okukhulu. Bangakwazi ukuhlela izinto ezihlukile ukuhlangabezana nezinhloso ezithile. Cishe akekho ongaziqhayisa ngezinga elinjalo lobuhlakani phakathi kwezinyoni.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 03.06.2019
Idethi yokubuyekeza: 20.09.2019 ngo-22: 09
