Kwabaningi ukhaphethi wenhlanzi azijwayele ukubukeka kuphela, kodwa futhi nokunambitheka. Lesi yisakhamuzi esikhulu ngokwanele futhi esivame ukutholakala samanzi ahlanzekile. I-carp yinhle, njenge-knight yezembatho zempi, embozwe izikali ezinkulu, zegolide ezicwebezela ilanga.
Abadobi be-amateur bahlala bejabule ngokumangazayo ukumbamba, futhi ochwepheshe be-gourmet abasoze benqaba ukunambitha inyama yenhlanzi emnandi futhi enempilo. Sizohlaziya umsebenzi obalulekile wale nhlanzi ethokozisayo, sifunde izici zayo zangaphandle, imikhuba, isimo nezinye izici ezibalulekile.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Carp fish
UCarp ungummeleli wesigaba sezinhlanzi esikhishwe nge-ray, somndeni we-carp. Izingxabano ngemvelaphi ye-carp aziqedi kuze kube namuhla. Kunezinguqulo ezimbili zalokhu, eziphikisanayo.
Owokuqala kubo uthi i-carp yafuywa ngokuzenzela eChina, kusetshenziswa izakhi zofuzo ze-carp yasendle ukuyizala. Le nhlanzi ibithathwa njengehlonipheke kakhulu ngisho nasenkantolo yombusi waseChina kanye nezinye izikhulu. Kancane kancane, ngokusebenzisa imigudu yemifula nangosizo lwabasolwandle, i-carp yasakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu. NgesiGreki, lona leli gama "carp" lisho "ukuvuna" noma "ukuzala". I-Carp, empeleni, yande kakhulu, ngakho-ke yasabalala kakhulu emifuleni nasemachibini amaningi eYurophu, yabe sefika eGreat Britain, kwathi ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye yabhaliswa ezwenikazi laseNyakatho Melika.
Ividiyo: Carp fish
Uhlobo lwesibili luluphikisa ngokuphelele olokuqala, lubheka njengenganekwane kuphela. Ngokusho kwakhe, izinhlanzi ezinjenge-carp yasendle kade zatholakala emifuleni nasemachibini, zihlukile ngezindlela zazo. I-carp ehlala emanzini agobhozayo yayinomzimba ovulekile, omise okwe-torpedo, futhi kokuma, yayiyindilinga, ibanzi futhi ikhuluphele kakhulu. Kukholakala ukuthi kwakuyi-carp echibini eyahlaliswa ngabantu kulo lonke elaseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika nase-Asia. Ukuthuthukiswa kokuzala kwalolu hlobo kwaqala ukubandakanyeka ngaphansi kwamakhulu amabili eminyaka edlule, kuzaliswa izinhlobo zakamuva nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlamvu.
Ngokusekelwe kulo mbono, igama elithi "carp" alinaso isizinda sesayensi, futhi lavela kuphela ngekhulu le-19 encwadini kaSergei Aksakov mayelana nokudoba. Yile ndlela amaBashkirs abiza ngayo i-carp yasendle, okusho eTurkic okusho ukuthi "inhlanzi e-silt", leli gama lasakazeka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu, kepha izazi ze-ichthyologists zikholelwa ukuthi i-carp yasendle neyasekhaya iyinhlobo efanayo.
I-Carps ihlukaniswe hhayi kuphela emfuleni nasechibini (echibini) carps, kodwa futhi nasezinhlotsheni ezihlukile, kufaka phakathi:
- nqunu;
- isikhumba;
- uhlaka;
- isibuko.
Izici zabo eziyinhloko ezihlukanisa umbala nokuhlelwa kwezikali. Isalp carp imbozwe izikali ezinkulu. Uhlaka lunezikali esikhaleni nasesiswini kuphela. Izikali ze-carp yesibuko zikhulu kakhulu futhi zitholakala ezindaweni (imvamisa kulayini ohlangothini wenhlanzi). I-carp enqunu ayinazo izikali nhlobo, kepha inkulu ngosayizi, ilandelwa usayizi wesibuko, bese iba ne-scaly.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: I-Carp fish emanzini
I-carp ejwayelekile ibonakala kalula ngezindlela eziningi:
- umzimba omkhulu, ojiyile, ohlangene kancane;
- izikali eziminyene, ezinkulu ezinamacala amnyama; kukhona izikali ezingama-32 kuye kwezingu-41 kulayini ohlangothini wenhlanzi;
- izinhlangothi zezinhlanzi ziyigolide, zinsundu kancane, isisu esijiyile sinethoni elula;
- I-carp - umnikazi womlomo omkhulu, olula abe yipayipi;
- udebe olungaphezulu luhlotshiswe ngezimpondo ezine ezimfishane, ezizwela kakhulu;
- amehlo ezinhlanzi abekwe phezulu, anabafundi abaphakathi nendawo, anqunywe yi-iris eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- igebe elinamandla linomthunzi omnyama nesiphetho esingamiswanga sombala womnqumo ompunga nge-spiny ray; ingquza yangemuva imfishane futhi inameva;
- Amakhala ka-carp aphindwe kabili.
I-Mucus imboza wonke umzimba we-carp, ivimbela ukungqubuzana, ukulawula ukushisa komzimba, nokuyivikela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-parasites. I-Carp inkulu kakhulu futhi inesisindo esikhulu. Kuyaziwa ngokuthembekile ukuthi ama-specimens abanjwe enesisindo esingaphezu kwesigamu sentente namamitha angaphezu kwesigamu nengxenye ubude. Osayizi abangajwayelekile kakhulu, imvamisa kuvela carps kusuka kwelilodwa kuya kweziyisihlanu, iminyaka yabo iyahluka kusuka eminyakeni emibili kuya kweyisikhombisa. Ngokuvamile, i-carp ingabalwa phakathi kwesibindi eside, imvelo ilinganisele isikhathi eside sokuphila ngayo, efinyelela eminyakeni engama-50, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zingaphila isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Indoda eyodwa yaseJapan eneminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa ubudala ine-carp eyizuze njengefa kuye, emdala ngeminyaka engama-35 kunomnikazi wayo. Umnikazi unakekela ngokucophelela isilwane sakhe asithandayo, angavumi ukusithengisa ngisho nangezizumbulu.
Ihlala kuphi i-carp?
Isithombe: Izinhlanzi zeCarp eRussia
Indawo yokusabalalisa i-carp ibanzi kakhulu, ingatholakala eYurophu, eMpumalanga Ekude, eNtshonalanga nase-Asia Ephakathi, ezwenikazi laseNyakatho Melika. I-Carp i-thermophilic, ngakho-ke igwema izifunda ezisenyakatho.
Ezweni lakithi, wakhetha amanzi amasha ala mabheshi alandelayo olwandle:
- IBaltic;
- IsiJapane;
- Mnyama;
- ICaspian;
- U-Azovsky;
- Okhotsk.
I-Carp iyawathanda amanzi lapho kungekho khona nhlobo, noma ibuthakathaka kakhulu, ithanda ukuhlala emachibini, emachibini, ezinkwalini ezigcwele amanzi, emadamini nasemiseleni. Ipharadesi le-carp - ichibi lapho kunezinhlobo eziningi zazo zonke izimila nendawo ephansi (enesihlabathi, enodaka, yobumba). Imvamisa izinhlanzi zihlala ekujuleni kwamamitha amabili kuya kwayishumi. Izindawo zokukhosela ezisebenza njengesivikelo se-carp zibaluleke kakhulu kuye, ngakho-ke uzogwema izindawo ezivulekile lapho phansi kuphansi ngokuphelele. Carp uthanda imigodi esekusithekeni, emahlathini aminyene, snags emanzini.
Ngokuvamile, uhlobo lwenhlazi yasemfuleni akufani nokuziqhenya okuthile, into eyinhloko ngoba ukutholakala kokudla, kukodwa nje kuqinile. Ngokusobala, yingakho lo mhlali wasemanzini ofakwe amakhekhe esabalele yonke indawo futhi ezizwa emuhle.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ngenxa yokungathobeki kohlobo lwe-carp nokunganaki kwayo izinga lokungcola kwedamu, ukukhathazeka kwezinhlanzi kuphela ngokutholakala kokudla, kubizwa ngokuthi ingulube yamanzi.
Idlani i-carp?
Isithombe: Inhlanzi yomndeni we-carp
I-Carp ingabizwa ngokuthi i-voracious kakhulu futhi i-omnivorous. Ngenjabulo udla kokubili ukudla kwezilwane nokwezitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, owokuqala uncanyelwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kanti owesibili - ehlobo. I-Carp ikhula ngokushesha ngosayizi, ngakho-ke idinga ukudla okuningi, isisu senhlanzi senzelwe ukuthi sidle cishe ngaphandle kokuma.
Imenyu ye-carp iqukethe:
- izimbaza;
- ama-crustaceans;
- inhlanzi nesele caviar;
- onoshobishobi;
- zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane nezibungu zazo;
- izibungu;
- izimpukane;
- amabhu;
- amahlumela ezimila zasemanzini;
- umhlanga omncane.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezivuthiwe nezikhulu nazo zidla ezinye izinhlanzi, azideleli amaxoxo nenkalankala. Kukhona amacala lapho okhokho abakhulu bafuna ukubamba izinyoni ezibamba izinambuzane zasemanzini. Ezulazula embusweni ongaphansi kwamanzi efuna ukudla okulula, ama-mustachioes akha amagwebu amakhulu ebusweni bamanzi, ngaleyo ndlela aziveze.
Imvamisa emhlangeni ungezwa into efana nokuchamping, lokhu kungukudla okuyi-carp kudla amahlumela omhlanga, kubalume ngobuciko ngosizo lwamazinyo wepharyngeal. Ngisho namagobolondo aqinile eminenke ne-crayfish asezinyweni ze-carp. Uma kungekho lutho olumnandi, i-carp ingadla amafinyila ezitshalweni, futhi ingadeleli umquba, abawuthola ezindaweni zokunisela izinkomo.
I-carp ekhiqizwe abathunjiwe ifakwa ummbila, isinkwa, nokuphakelayo okukhethekile okuqukethe i-fiber, amafutha namaprotheni. Ikhwalithi yenyama ivame ukubhekana nemenyu enjalo, icebiswe ngama-antibiotic, imibala ehlukahlukene, ama-flavour nama-accelerators okukhula. Lokhu kungukuhlukahluka kokudla kwe-carps, okuchitha iningi lempilo yabo befuna izinto ezihlwabusayo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-cannibalism ayidluli umndeni we-carp, ngakho-ke ummeleli omkhulu angadla kahle nesihlobo sakhe esiseduze kakhulu.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Carp fish
UKarp uthanda impilo ehlangeneyo, ngakho-ke ihlangana emhlambini, izibonelo ezinkulu kakhulu kuphela ezingaba nesizungu, kepha futhi zihlala ziseduze nabantu bezinye izizwe. Ngokuqala kwezulu elibandayo, amaBolshevik ajoyina iqembu ukwenza kube lula ukuchitha ubusika ndawonye. Ebusika, izidumbu ziwela emigodini ecashile esezansi, lapho ziwela ohlakeni lokulala okungathi shu. Uma kungenayo imigodi echibini, khona-ke amakhekhe afakwe emanzini afunwayo angakhuphuka izinkuni ezingahambeki zasebusika, lapho zihlala khona, futhi amafinyila azimbozayo asiza i-carp ukuthi ingabi yiqhwa.
UCarps uvuka ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, lapho amanzi eqala ukufudumala kancane kancane, inhlanzi iqala ukukhombisa umsebenzi wayo ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, ngo-Ephreli. Izindawo zobusika zisele futhi i-carp igijimela ekujuleni okungajulile (kusuka kumamitha ama-4 kuye kwayi-6) ukuze uthole okuthile okudliwayo. I-Carp yizinhlanzi ezihlala khona, azibhukudi kude nezindawo zazo zokuthunyelwa unomphela. Izinduna ezisencane zihamba ezikoleni, imvamisa zisezihlahleni zemihlanga, futhi izihlobo ezinesisindo zithanda ukujula, zibhukuda phezulu kuphela ukuze zivuseleleke.
I-Carp ithanda izindawo ezinomthunzi ezingenakuvikeleka, futhi igwema izikhala ezivulekile ezinelanga. Imihlambi ayintante esixukwini, kepha yakha intambo lapho izinhlanzi zeminyaka ehlukene zikhona. I-Carps ayihlukile ngobudlova, ngakho-ke ingabhekwa njengezakhamuzi zasemanzini ezinokuthula nezinokuthula. Kuyathakazelisa ukubuka ukuthi i-carp igxuma iphume emanzini ngokwanele, bese ibuyela emuva ngokuzwakalayo.
Lo mkhuba uvame ukwenzeka entathakusa noma ngezikhathi zakusihlwa futhi ubukeka ujabulisa kakhulu. Izazi ze-Ichthyologists zikholelwa ukuthi ngale ndlela umhlambi unikeza isignali yokuthi uzokondla, futhi uma ukweqa kuvame kakhulu, lokhu-ke kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi isimo sezulu sizoba sibi kakhulu kungekudala. Kunoma imuphi umdobi, i-carp iyindebe efiseleka kakhulu; abathanda ukudoba baqinisekisa ukuthi le nhlanzi iyaqaphela kakhulu, inamandla futhi ihlakaniphile. I-Carp inomuzwa ojulile wokuhogela, ibavumela ukuthi bazwe iphunga lokudla noma inyamazane ekude.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: I-Carp, isebenzisa ama-gill abo, ihlunga ukudla abangakuthandi, ngakho-ke bayigourmet yangempela.
Umbono we-carp nawo muhle kakhulu, uyiqonda kahle imibala ehlukahlukene, futhi umbono wayo uyisiyingi, i.e. inhlanzi ingabona ama-degree angama-360, ngisho nomsila wayo uqobo ngeke ucashe emehlweni ayo. Ebumnyameni, uhlobo oluthile lwenhlazi yasemfuleni zihloselwe ngokumangazayo futhi zingahamba kalula, ziqaphe izindawo ezizungezile. Le yindlela i-carp enobuhlakani futhi enzima ngayo, ngakho-ke akulula ukubamba amadevu amakhulu.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Inhlanzi yomfula iCarp
Ama-carps avuthiwe ngokocansi asondela eminyakeni emithathu noma emihlanu ubudala, abesilisa nabesifazane. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-carp akuxhomekile kuphela ebudaleni bayo, kodwa futhi nasembusweni wokushisa kwamanzi, kanye nosayizi wenhlanzi uqobo. I-Carp i-thermophilic, ngakho-ke, izala ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, lapho amanzi esevele efudumele kakhulu. Ukuze kukhiqizwe ngempumelelo, ubude besilisa kufanele okungenani bube ngu-30 cm, kanti owesifazane kufanele okungenani abe ngu-37.
I-carp ikhetha indawo engajulile yokuzalela (cishe amamitha amabili), imvamisa emibhedeni yomhlanga. Kunzima ukuthola izindawo ezinjalo, ngakho-ke izinhlanzi zibuyela kuzo izikhathi eziningana.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: ICarps ayihlukile ekuthembekeni, ngakho-ke, owesifazane uhlala enamadoda amaningana (angafika kwabahlanu), aqala ukukhulelwa. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwe-carp kuqala kusihlwa (ngemuva kokushona kwelanga) futhi kuhlala cishe amahora ayi-12.
Carps ngempela kakhulu. Owesifazane oyedwa ovuthiwe kuphela ongakhiqiza amaqanda ayisigidi, awabeka emaqenjini ngezinsuku ezimbalwa. Isikhathi sokufukamela izinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha kuphela, bese kuvela izibungu, ezondla okuqukethwe kwesikhwama se-yolk izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Ngemuva kwalokho, gazinga okuqala ukubhukuda, yidla i-zooplankton nama-crustaceans amancane, usathuthuka. Eduzane neminyaka yezinyanga eziyisithupha, inhlanzi ye-carp isivele isisindo esingama-gramu angama-500. I-Carp iyakhula futhi ikhule ngamazinga asheshayo amakhulu kangako.
Izitha zemvelo ze-carp
Isithombe: Carp fish fish
Yize i-carp ikhula ngosayizi omkhulu impela, inezitha nezimbangi zayo, ngakho-ke ihlala iqaphela ngokweqile. Vele, abasengozini kakhulu akubona abantu abakhulu abalele phansi, kepha gazinga namaqanda. Amaxoxo aluhlaza, athanda ukuzitika ngawo womabili amaqanda kanye nefry, aba yingozi enkulu kuwo. Isibonelo esisodwa kuphela sexoxo esingadla kuze kube yizinkulungwane eziyikhulu gazinga namaqanda emini. Ngaphezu kwamaxoxo, ama-crayfish, izibungu, ezinye izinhlanzi kanye nezinye izakhamizi eziningi zombuso ongaphansi kwamanzi ngeke zize zenqabe i-caviar. Imvamisa kwenzeka ukuthi i-caviar igezwa ogwini, lapho iyoma khona, noma izinyoni ziyayichola, ezinye izilwane ziyayidla.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukudla umuntu akusikho okwehlukile kuzidumbu, ngakho-ke, isihlobo esikhulile singadla umfowabo omncane ngaphandle kokuzisola. Ezinqolobaneni lapho kuhlala khona izinhlanzi ezidlayo, i-carp ingaba isidlo esihle se-pike enkulu noma i-catfish. Ukuthosa kuthanda ukondla emadwaleni, ngakho lapho bangabanjwa ezinye izilwane ezingaphikisi ukuzama izinhlanzi. Kuma-specimens amancane, izinyoni (ama-gulls, terns) izinhlanzi ezizingelayo zingaba yingozi; izilwane ezincane zivame ukuhlupheka ngokuhlaselwa kwazo.
Vele, umuntu ngeke ahluleke ukuqaphela umuntu ongabalwa futhi phakathi kwezitha ze-carp. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi luthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabadobi bama-amateur, abafunde ngokucophelela imikhuba yalo nokunambitheka kokuthandayo. Ukubamba isampula enesisindo akulula, kepha isifiso esingalawulwa samadevu ngokuvamile sidlala ngaye. Kungaphawulwa ngokuzethemba ukuthi ukube bekungezona izidalwa eziphilayo ezahlukahlukene ezimunca i-caviar kanye nefry ye-carp, ngabe le nhlanzi ingagcwalisa inqwaba yemifula neminye imizimba yamanzi.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Big carp
Indawo ye-carp isakazeke kakhulu, futhi inani labantu bayo liningi kakhulu, le nhlanzi ilibeka ngokugcwele igama layo, njengoba ihlukaniswa nokuzala okuphezulu kakhulu. I-Carp iqinile kakhulu, ayizithobeli imvelo, icishe ibe-omnivorous, ngakho-ke iba nezimpande emizimbeni yamanzi ehlukahlukene. Manje kunamapulazi ezinhlanzi andayo azala i-carp ngokufakelwa, ngoba kunenzuzo enkulu, ngoba ukuzalanisa izinhlanzi kuyamangalisa, futhi ukuthola isisindo ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kungaphawulwa ngokuzethemba ukuthi le nhlanzi ayitholi zinsongo ebukhoneni bayo, inani lakhona libanzi kakhulu, uhlobo lwenhlazi yasemfuleni luzala kakhulu, ngakho-ke alubangeli ukukhathazeka phakathi kososayensi, alukho ngaphansi kokuvikelwa okukhethekile noma yikuphi. Kuhle ukuthi kunezinto eziningi ezivimbayo ezilawula izinombolo zayo (amaqanda kanye nefry kudliwa yizo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, izinhlanzi, izinyoni nezinambuzane), ngaphandle kwalokho ngabe kugcwele kakhulu amadamu amaningi, kwande ngokushesha kuwo.
Ngakho-ke, inani le-carp alikutholi ukweqa okuphansi, le nhlanzi ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwama-gourmets, abantu abaningi bathanda inyama ye-carp, ngakho-ke kungalungiswa inani elikhulu lezitsha ezahlukahlukene. Kunenzuzo enkulu ukuzalela le nhlanzi ngokungeyikho ukuze ithengiswe ngokuqhubekayo, ngoba ikhula ngokushesha futhi yande ngenkuthalo.
Ekugcineni ngithanda ukungeza lokho ukhaphethi wenhlanzi ayithandi ngokunambitheka kwayo okuhle kuphela, kepha futhi ngokubukeka kwegolide okunesithunzi, okuhle, okunikezwa ukuqina ngezimpondo ezincane. Manje siyazi ukuthi le nhlanzi enkulu kakhulu inokuziphatha okunokuthula nokuzola, isimo esimnene. Kuyintokozo engalibaleki ukubuka ama-virtuoso pirouettes enziwa yi-carp egxuma phezulu ephuma emanzini. Futhi uma othile ekwazile ukukucabanga lokhu, unenhlanhla yangempela.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 28.05.2019
Idethi yokubuyekeza: 20.09.2019 ngo-21: 08
