Indoda ebukekayo i-finch - isakhamuzi sehlathi esasakazekile. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izimpaphe zakhe ezikhanyayo zazisebenza njengekhubalo lomndeni, zaletha injabulo nenduduzo endlini. I-finch ayigcini ngokubukeka okuhle kuphela, kodwa futhi icula kahle, iqala ama-trills ayo e-sonorous and melodic, angaphansi nakancane kunalawo e-nightingale. Kuzoba mnandi ukutadisha indlela yokuphila kwakhe, isimilo sakhe, imikhuba yakhe nezinye izici eziningi.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Chaffinch
I-finch inyoni yengoma evela emndenini we-finch kanye ne-oda lokudlula. Igama lale nyoni lingumdabu waseRussia, ovela esenzweni esithi "chill", okungukuthi. nqabela. Akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi lena yinyoni efudukayo, efika lapho kufika ukushisa bese igijimela eningizimu ngokusondela kweqhwa lokuqala. Abantu baqaphele ukuthi i-chaffinch ihlala esimweni sezulu esibandayo, igcwele, sengathi ibanda, ngakho bayibiza kanjalo. Le nyoni inezinye futhi iziteketiso, bayibiza ngokuthi i-finch, i-bullfinch, i-brisk, i-severukha, i-cast iron. Insikazi yalolu hlobo lwezinyoni ibizwa ngokuthi i-finch noma i-finch.
Ividiyo: Finch
Ubukhulu be-finch buyafana nobabantu abadlulayo, kepha izimpaphe zabo zinhle kakhulu futhi zikhanya ngokwengeziwe. Izingubo zabesilisa ziheha ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, kanti owesifazane uthanda amathoni abekelwe imingcele. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zezintaka, zihluke hhayi kuphela endaweni yokuhlala kwazo unomphela, kodwa ngombala, usayizi, ukwakheka komlomo nezinye izici. Kwezinye izindawo, izintaka zingabaholi ngamanani phakathi kwezinyoni ezincane ezifanayo.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Ngokumangazayo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-450 zezintaka ezisemhlabeni wethu.
Ngaphezu kwe-finch yaseYurophu, kunezikhala ezintathu ezengeziwe ezikhaleni zezwe lethu nasemazweni ase-USSR yangaphambili:
- Ehlobo, i-finch yaseCaucasus ihlala enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea naseCaucasus, kanti ebusika iya enyakatho ye-Iran nasengxenyeni eseningizimu yeTranscaucasus, ithatha amahlathi nezintaba (kuze kufike ku-2.5 km ukuphakama). Umbala wayo ufana ne-finch yase-Europe, umzimba wayo ungaba ngamasentimitha ayi-13 ubude.Le enezimpiko ihlukaniswa ngamazwi angaconsi kakhulu, afana nokukhala kwe-titmouse;
- Intambo yaseKopetdag inombala ophaphathekile onamabala amakhulu amhlophe ezimpikweni nasemsileni; ihlala eTurkmenistan esifundeni samapulangwe aseKopetdag;
- I-finch yase-Hyrcanian incane futhi imnyama ngombala kunozakwabo wase-Europe. Ikhanda lale nyoni linomthunzi omnyama omlotha, ingemuva liyi-chocolate, kanti isisu sibomvu kancane.
Yize onondweba ikakhulukazi befuduka, abanye babo bahlala ngaphezulu kwensimu eyakhiwe, kuya ngesimo sezulu sendawo ethile. Emakhazeni asebusika, izintaka zihola impilo yobudlelwano, zikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezivulekile (izinkambu, amathafa). Imvamisa ondlunkulu bayabonakala emhlambini walezi zinyoni. Kukhona uphawu phakathi kwabantu ukuthi i-trill egcwele amanzi ixwayisa ngeqhwa elizayo. Kuyafaneleka ukuqonda ngokuningiliziwe izici zangaphandle zale nyoni yokucula ethokozisayo esibonelweni se-finch yaseYurophu, ebhekwa njengeyiningi kakhulu.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: I-bird finch
Izinhlobo ze-chaffinch ezisabalele kakhulu yiYurophu, esizoqala ukuyichaza. Njengoba sekushiwo, i-finch iyinyoni esesilinganisweni esiphakathi, efana nondlunkulu. Umzimba wayo ufinyelela kubude obungu-15 cm, futhi ubukhulu bawo busuka ku-15 kuye ku-40 amagremu. Amaphiko enyoni angaba ngamasentimitha angama-28. Umsila wensimbi mude futhi awunotshiwe, ubude bawo bube ngamasentimitha ayi-7. Uqhwaku lude futhi lubukhali. Le nyoni ihlukaniswa nokuthamba kwayo ukuthinte kanye nezimpaphe eziwugqinsi, ezinombala omuhle kakhulu, omuhle, kufanele nakanjani ugxile kuyo.
Umbala we-finch yikhadi lakhe lokushaya. Yamaduna amahle analesi sici. Isigqoko nesikhafu entanyeni yesilisa kunombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokumpunga, futhi ichashaza elicebile elimnyama liyabonakala ngenhla komlomo. Ingemuva le-finch linsundu le-chestnut, futhi ithoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iyabonakala esifundeni sezinqe, izimpaphe ezinde nezimpunga zihlobisa umsila. Izimpiko zikaChaffinch zinokuhlangana okumhlophe, futhi izindawo ezimhlophe eziyizigaxa zazo zisatshalaliswa ngokulandelana. Isisu nezihlathi zale nyoni zinombala we-beige noma obomvu ngokubomvu.
Owesilisa uthola ukubukeka okunjalo okukhangayo kusondele eminyakeni emibili yokuphila kwakhe. Izinsikazi zibukeka zilula kakhulu futhi zingacwebezeli kangako, ezimpunga, amathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nansundu athinta umbala wazo, amatshwele kanye nezilwane ezisencane zinebala elilinganayo nelabesifazane, amaphuphu kuphela anendawo emhlophe ngemuva kwekhanda.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, uqhwaku lweduna luguqula umbala, lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi lucishe lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esihlokweni, kuthi ebusika lupendwe ngokunsundu ngokubomvana. Kwabesifazane, umbala womlomo uhlala uhlala ungashintshi (i-horny).
Ihlala kuphi i-finch?
Isithombe: I-Field finch
I-finch iyinyoni ebanzi, ngakho-ke indawo yokuhlala ibanzi kakhulu.
UChaffinch uthathe isifiso:
- entshonalanga ye-Asia;
- enyakatho-ntshonalanga yezwekazi lase-Afrika;
- IYurophu;
- I-Finland (izingxenye ezihlukene zezwe);
- ISweden neNorway (izingxenye ezithile zezifunda);
- I-Azores, iCanary kanye neBritish Isles;
- IMorocco neMadeira;
- ITunisia ne-Algeria;
- ISiriya;
- I-Asia Minor;
- enyakatho ye-Iran;
- ingxenye yamazwe wase-USSR wangaphambili;
- ERussia.
Ngokuvamile, i-finch ibhekwa njengenyoni efudukayo, kepha kuya ngendawo, ingahlala ebusika ezindaweni ezithile. Ehlobo bahlala eCaucasus, eSiberia, ingxenye yaseYurophu yezwe lethu, ebusika ngaphezulu eKazakhstan, Central Europe, enyakatho ye-Afrika, e-Asia Minor, eCrimea. Ebusika, i-finch ingahambela ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane, ezingaseningizimu. Ngakho-ke, singasho ukuthi izintaka azigcini nje ngokufuduka, kepha futhi ziyimizulane futhi zihlala phansi.
Izinyoni zithanda izindawo lapho kunezihlahla eziningi, ngakho-ke zingatholakala ezingadini, emapaki, emahlathini, ezihlahleni ezincane. Bathanda ama-finches, amahlathi ahlanganisiwe kanye ne-spruce, kepha hhayi aminyene kakhulu, bekhetha amahlathi wepayini aphansi. Ehlathini eliminyene elingaweleki, ngeke uzibone izidleke zazo, zihlala eduze emaphethelweni, ngoba zithola iningi lokudla kwazo phansi. Imvamisa, izintaka zibuyela ezindaweni zazo ezijwayelekile lapho zihlala ngonyaka owedlule.
Iqiniso elihehayo: I-Chaffinches ivame ukuhlala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, imvamisa ithande amapaki emizana nasemadolobheni.
Idlani i-chaffinch?
Isithombe: Finch eRussia
Imenyu ye-finch iqukethe zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane nezitshalo. Noma kunjalo, okwakukhona kuqala ekudleni kwezinkukhu. Ososayensi-ama-ornithologists, ahlole okuqukethwe esiswini se-chaffinch, athola ukuthi idla imbewu yokhula oluhlukahlukene futhi ayinqabi amajikijolo nezithelo. Ehlobo, imenyu ikakhulukazi iqukethe ukudla kwezilwane. Ngakho-ke, ukudla kwezitshalo kwe-finch kufaka phakathi: imbewu yazo zonke izinhlobo zokhula (i-nettle, i-quinoa), imbewu yezihlahla ze-coniferous, izithelo ezahlukahlukene namajikijolo, iziqu zezihlahla ezinqabayo, izimbali, amahlamvu, izigaxa.
Ukudla kwezilwane kwama-finches kuqukethe: amacimbi ahlukahlukene, izintuthwane, izimpukane, izimbungulu, izimbungulu, izibungu. Izintaka zihlinzeka ngosizo olukhulu ekulweni nezilokazane ezinjengama-weevils. Le nyoni ilusizo kakhulu, kokubili kumhlaba wehlathi nowezolimo, ngoba idla izinambuzane eziningi zezitshalo ezitshaliwe nezasendle.
Uqhwaku lwale nyoni encane luqinile futhi luqinile, nolwanga lunokungahambi kahle, imisipha yobuso ye-chaffinch inamandla, ngakho-ke ingakwazi ukubhekana nokudla okunzima kakhulu. Igobolondo eliqinile le-beetle, amagobolondo amaqanda aminyene noma imbewu yezitshalo ezinzima akusona isithiyo se-finch. I-chaffinch ifuna iningi lokudla kwayo phansi, ihamba ebusweni bayo ngokugxuma okusheshayo nokuvamile.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ontaka kuphela abavela emndenini wabo wonke we-finch abondla amaphuphu abo ngezinambuzane kuphela, kungafaki okunye ukudla kwezitshalo ekudleni kwabo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Chaffinch ebusika
Izintaka zihlala emhlambini, kuphela ngenkathi yokuhlangana zihlangana ngababili. Kufika kubantu abayi-100 lapho behlela ukundiza baye ezindaweni ezifudumele. Lezi zinyoni ezincane zindiza ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokushesha okukhulu, ngejubane elingamakhilomitha angama-55 ngehora. Ukuze balulame futhi bondle, bathatha ikhefu izinsuku ezimbalwa besendleleni. Ukubuyela ekhaya kwenzeka kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli (kuya ngesimo sezulu sendawo). Okokuqala, abesilisa bayafika, okukhombisa ukubuya kwabo ngama-roulade amakhulu omculo, cishe ngesonto kamuva kuvela abesifazane.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-finch iyasebenza ngesikhathi sasemini, ivame ukubonwa emagatsheni ezihlahla, ehamba eceleni kwayo. Emhlabathini, le nyoni yenza ukweqa okuncane, izifunele ukudla.
Ikhono lokucula le-finch kufanele likhulunywe ngokwehlukile, ngoba ungumpetha omkhulu kulolu daba olunzima. Ama-roulades amnandi futhi agcwele izikhukhula abonakala kakhulu entwasahlobo. I-finch yesilisa ingena ngokoqobo engomeni yayo, iphonsa ikhanda layo futhi ingaboni lutho oluzungezile. Ama-trill ka-Chaffinch ahlala enomdlandla, agingqika futhi mahle kakhulu, aphela ngokuqhakaza okungafani (umsindo ozwakalayo omkhulu), futhi ngaphambi kwe-trill enkulu ungezwa amanothi aphakeme kakhulu, ashaya amakhwela futhi acashile.
Ingoma yonke ye-chaffinch ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba:
- solo;
- ama-trill;
- kuchume.
Sonke lesi senzo sokucula asithathi ngaphezu kwemizuzwana emithathu futhi sigxunyekwe ikhefu elifinyelela kumasekhondi ayi-10 ubude. Ngenxa yamashuni amahle kangaka, abaningi bazama ukugcina i-finch ekuthunjweni, kepha lokhu kunzima kakhulu ukukwenza, ngoba lena yinyoni ekhululekile, ayifuni ukucula ehokweni, ihlala itatazela futhi ifuna ukugqashula, kunzima kakhulu nokukhetha i-finch yokudla. Vele, ekuthunjweni, inyoni ingaphila iminyaka engaba yishumi, futhi ezimweni zemvelo iminyaka emibili noma emithathu kuphela, kepha kungcono ukungayincishi inkululeko yenkululeko, ngoba ehlathini ungalalela ukusebenza kwayo okuthokozisayo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Finch Common
Sesivele sithole ukuthi i-finch iyinyoni efunda isikole, ehlala ngababili ngesikhathi sokukhwelana nesokuzalela. Abesilisa abavela emazweni afudumele bafika ngesonto ngaphambi kwezinsikazi. Isikhathi sokukhwelana siphawuleka ngokumemeza kwabo okukhulu nangokuhlabelela okukhulu. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, izimpi, ukuxokozela, umsindo nokuhamba kwamadoda ezindaweni ngezindawo kuvame ukwenzeka, inqubo uqobo lwayo yenzeka emagatsheni ezihlahla eziwugqinsi noma ebusweni bomhlaba.
Owesifazane wengamela ukwakhiwa kwesidleke, kanti owesilisa uyamsiza ekulethweni kwezinto ezidingekayo kulokhu. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kuqala ngemuva kwenyanga ifikile. Izidleke zika-Chaffinch ziphakeme kakhulu futhi zijulile, izindonga zazo zinamandla kakhulu. Isidleke sakhiwe ngobulembu, ubulembu, amahlumela amancane, i-fluff, i-wool, i-birch bark, ama-cobwebs. Lesi sakamuva sinikeza isakhiwo ukuqina namandla. Izidleke zitholakala phezulu (cishe amamitha amane), ezisemafolokheni amagatsha awugqinsi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Abasebenzi besifazane abangenasiphetho, lapho bekwakha isidleke, behla bayokwakha izinto zokwakha cishe izikhathi eziyinkulungwane nengxenye, isikhathi ngasinye babuye bakhuphuke baye endaweni yokwakha.
Lapho isidleke sesikulungele, sekuyisikhathi sokubeka amaqanda, avamise ukusukela kwamane kuya kwayisikhombisa, anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza ngokubomvu ngombala, embozwe ngamabala ansundu wombala onsomi ngaphezulu. Ukuchamisela amaqanda kungumsebenzi womama okhulelwe, kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili. Ngalesi sikhathi, ubaba wesikhathi esizayo uletha ukudla kumphefumulo wakhe. Ngemuva kwesikhatsi semaviki lamabili, kutalwa emantjwele lamancane, longeke atisite ngalokuphelele futsi ambozwe nge-downy lelula ngemuva kanye nasekhanda, kantsi sikhumba sawo sinelibala lelibovu.
Ubaba nomama abakhathalelayo bondla izingane zabo ndawonye, befaka izinambuzane ezincane ezahlukahlukene kanye nezibungu zazo emilonyeni yazo. Awukwazi ukusondela esidlekeni ngalesi sikhathi, ngoba kungaphela kabuhlungu, izintaka zingamshiya ngokuphelele, khona-ke izingane zizofa. Cishe maphakathi noJuni, amaphuphu aqala ukwenza izindiza zawo zokuqala, abazali bondla abantwana babo cishe amasonto amabili ngaphezulu. Izintaka zikwazi ukwenza ibhande lesibili lisondele ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, kunamaqanda ambalwa kulo kunasekuqaleni, futhi kwenziwa kwesinye isidleke esisha.
Izitha zemvelo ze-finch
Isithombe: Chaffinch entwasahlobo
I-finch iyinyoni encane, ngakho-ke inezitha eziningi. Izintaka nazo zihlushwa yizinyoni ezinkudlwana: onogwaja, amagwababa, abagwedli bezinkuni, amajayi. Zivame ukubulala amatshwele amancane kanye namaqhuqhuva amaqanda ezinsaka. Ebusuku, i-chaffinch ehlala ehlathini ingaba yinto elula yokudla isikhova, okungakuphikisi ukuyidla. Uvame ukusebenzisa inqubo yokwesabisa, i-hooting esabekayo, ngaleyo ndlela axoshe izinyoni ezincane ezindlini zazo zobusuku.
Izitha ze-finch akuzona izinyoni kuphela, kodwa futhi nezingwejeje, ama-ermine, ama-martens, athambekele ngokuphelele emqhele wesihlahla. Izintaka ezihlala ezindaweni zokupaka ezihlala emindenini zingaba yisisulu samakati ajwayelekile, anomzwelo wokuzingela osegazini lazo. Owesilisa uba sengozini enkulu lapho enza izingoma zakhe zomculo, ngalesi sikhathi ulahlekelwa ukuqapha nokuqapha, akaboni lutho oluzungezile, ukuze abanjwe kalula.
Amachwane enza izindiza zawo zokuqala nawo angafa. Abantu abahlasela izidleke zezintaka babalethela umonakalo omkhulu, ngoba ezimweni ezinjalo, abazali bashiya amatshwele abo, babashiye babhubhe. Izintaka nazo ziyafa ngenxa yezibulala-zinambuzane abantu abalima ngazo amasimu namabhande asehlathini. Isimo esingesihle semvelo siphinde sinciphise isikhathi esiphilwa yilezi zinyoni ezinhle ngokumangalisayo.
Ukucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi nakho akulingisi okuhle ngezintaka. Naphezu kokuqina kwayo, ubukhazikhazi nokukhuthazela kwayo, nokho, kunezingozi eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezilindele le nyoni encane futhi, kwesinye isikhathi, inyoni engakwazi ukuzivikela.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Finch owesilisa
I-finch isakazeke ngokwanele, indawo yayo yokusatshalaliswa ibanzi, futhi inani labantu liningi kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, ziningi izinto ezingabantu ezithinta kabi inani lale nyoni encane.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi okulandelayo:
- ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ezindaweni eziningi zamahlathi;
- ukonakaliswa kwezindawo zokuhlala unomphela kwezinyoni;
- ukugxambukela empilweni yezinyoni;
- ukubhujiswa kwezindawo zabo zokwakha izidleke;
- ukushoda kwezinsiza zokudla;
- ukunwetshwa komhlaba wezolimo;
- umsebenzi wezomnotho osheshayo wabantu.
Zimbalwa izindawo ezishiyelwe izintaka lapho zingathola izidleke khona ngokuphepha, ngakho ezindaweni eziningi ukuzala kwazo kuyama, nenani lezinyoni liyancipha. Izidleke zalezi zinyoni zithakazelisa kakhulu futhi ziyabonakala, ngakho-ke zivame ukonakala ngenxa yelukuluku elilula. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu kuthambekela okungalungile, kunobufakazi bokuthi angaba yizigidi eziyikhulu ngababili bezintaka abahlala eYurophu kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni zase-Asia, lezi zinyoni nazo zirekhodwe ngenani elikhulu impela. Ngokusobala, lokhu kuthonywa ukukhuthazela kwale nyoni encane.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ngakho-ke, namuhla singasho ngokuzethemba ukuthi abantu bezintaka, ngenhlanhla, abasongelwa, lolu hlobo lwezinyoni alukho ngaphansi kokuvikelwa okukhethekile futhi luningi impela. Kuyathenjwa ukuthi lesi simo sizoqhubeka ngokuzayo.
Sengiphetha, ngithanda ukunezela ukuthi ubuhle be-chaffinch, iculo layo elimangazayo nelishukumisa umphefumulo liyakhuthaza, lihehe futhi linikeze ukujabula. Ngazo zonke izimfanelo zayo ezingenakuphikiswa zangaphandle, i-finch nayo iletha izinzuzo ezinkulu, ibhubhisa zonke izinhlobo zezilokazane. Uma ubheka i-finch, kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi inyoni encane enjalo iqukethe amandla amaningi, ubuhlakani, uthando lwenkululeko, ukubukeka okuhle, ubuhle nethalente elimangalisayo lokucula.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 05/25/2019
Usuku lokuvuselela: 20.09.2019 ngo-20: 55
