ICape Monitor lizard - Lesi yisibankwa esikhulu, okuthi, ngokusho kwezazi zezilwane, sikulungele kakhulu ukugcinwa ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, abathandi bezinhlobo zezimbali nezilwane kufanele babheke ukuthi, njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo, bathambekele ekubonisweni okungalindelekile nokungalindelekile kobudlova. Imvamisa, ukulunywa kwezilwane kugcina ngokuvuvukala okunzima noma ngisho nokugaya.
Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, isibankwa sinamagama amaningana: i-steppe, i-savanna, noma i-Boska Monitor lizard. Lesi sakamuva sathola igama laso ukuhlonipha umhloli wamazwe waseFrance uLouis Augustin Bosc.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Cape monitor lizard
I-Cape Monitor lizard ingummeleli wezilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezihlukanisiwe, ezinikezwe iqembu elibusayo, umndeni kanye nohlobo lwezibankwa eziqaphile, uhlobo lwe-steppe monitor lizard. Ukuqapha izibankwa kubhekwa njengokukhulu kunakho konke okukhona emhlabeni, futhi ngasikhathi sinye kwendala kakhulu. Umlando wabo ubuyela emuva ezigidini zeminyaka edlule. Ngokocwaningo, okhokho basendulo babaqaphi baseKapa babekhona emhlabeni eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingamakhulu amabili edlule. Isikhathi esiqondile sokuvela kwalaba bameleli bezilwane emhlabeni siyinkinga kakhulu.
IVideo: Cape monitor lizard
Izinsalela ezindala kakhulu zezibankwa zangaleso sikhathi zatholakala eJalimane. Babengabamatekisi asendulo futhi babeneminyaka ecishe ibe yizigidi ezingama-235-239 ubudala. Izifundo eziningi zisizile ukuqonda ukuthi okhokho balezi zinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo babephakathi kwabokuqala ukuvela emhlabeni ngemuva kokuqothulwa komhlaba wonke kwePerm nokufudumala okukhulu kwesimo sezulu ngaleso sikhathi. Ukwakheka kwezici ze-lepidazavramorph kokhokho bezibankwa ezinkulu kwaqala cishe esikhathini sokuqala kuka-Triassic.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bakhulisa izindlala ezihlanganisa izinto ezinobuthi. Maphakathi nesikhathi seCretaceous, inani lezibankwa zasendulo lafinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu, futhi zagcwalisa ulwandle, zaxosha ichthyosaurs. Eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingamashumi amane ezayo, kwakukhona isizukulwane esisha kule ndawo - ama-masosaurs. Kamuva, kwafakwa izilwane ezincelisayo.
AmaMasosaurs asakazeke ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba, enza izinhlobo eziningi zezibankwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kusukela lapho evela khona, izibankwa zikwazile ukugcina ukubukeka okucwebezelayo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Isibankwa se-Animal Cape
I-Cape, noma i-steppe monitor lizard yehlukaniswa ngobukhulu bayo obukhulu nomzimba oqinile onemisipha ekhule kahle. Ubude bomzimba wesirhubuluzi esikhulile singamamitha angu-1-1.3. Uma kugcinwa ezinkulisa noma ekhaya elinokudla okwanele, usayizi womzimba ungadlula amamitha ayi-1.5.
Kuma-steppe wokuqapha izibankwa, i-dimorphism yezocansi ivezwa ngokungenamqondo - abesilisa badlula ngosayizi kunabesifazane. Akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezilwane ngezici zobulili zangaphandle. Nokho, indlela abaziphatha ngayo yehlukile. Abesifazane bazolile futhi bayimfihlo, abesilisa basebenza ngokwengeziwe.
I-Cape Monitor lizard inengxenye enkulu yekhanda ngenxa yomlomo wayo omkhulu onemihlathi eqinile. Awekho amazinyo anamandla amancane akhula emhlathini. Izinsimbi ezingemuva zibanzi, zibuthuntu. Amazinyo kanye nemihlathi yezilwane ezihuquzelayo aqinile futhi anamandla kangangokuthi angadla kalula futhi aphule amagobolondo okuzivikela nezinye izibamba ezinzima zezilwane.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Amazinyo ezikelemu avame ukukhula emuva uma ewa.
Umlomo uqukethe ulimi olude, olunemfoloko olusetshenziswa njengesitho sokuhogela. Ezingxenyeni eziseceleni zekhanda kukhona amehlo ayindilinga, ambozwe ngamajwabu amehlo ahambayo. Imisele yokuzwa itholakala ngqo eduze kwamehlo, axhumene ngqo nenzwa. Izibankwa azizwa kahle.
Izitho zalolu hlobo lwesilwane esihuquzelayo ziqinile futhi zimfushane. Iminwe inezinzipho ezinde neziwugqinsi. Ngosizo lwabo, qapha izibankwa zihamba ngokushesha emhlabathini futhi zikwazi ukumba phansi. Isibankwa sokuqapha sinomsila omude osicaba onomhlane ophindwe kabili. Umsila usetshenziswa njengendlela yokuzivikela.
Umzimba umbozwe izikali ezinsundu. Umbala ungahluka, ukhanye noma ube mnyama. Umbala wezibankwa uncike kumbala womhlabathi osendaweni lapho isibankwa sihlala khona.
Ngabe uhlala kuphi umqashwa waseKapa?
Isithombe: Cape steppe monitor lizard
I-Cape Monitor lizard ihlala ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele. Lesi sibankwa sidabuka ezwenikazi i-Afrika. Izinombolo ezinkulu zabantu zibhekwa eningizimu yehlane laseSahara. Ungayithola nasezindaweni ezisenkabeni nasentshonalanga, noma eningizimu eningi, ubheke eDemocratic Republic of the Congo.
Ngaphakathi kwezwekazi lase-Afrika, iCape, noma i-steppe monitor lizard ithanda ama-savanna, kepha ivumelana kahle nokuhlala kwezinye izifunda. Ngaphandle kwamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo, izindunduma zesihlabathi kanye nogwadule. Uzizwa kahle endaweni enamadwala, ehlathini, emadlelweni noma emhlabeni wezolimo.
Izindawo ze-steppe monitor lizard:
- ISenegal;
- isifunda esentshonalanga ye-Ethiopia;
- ESomalia;
- IBurkina Faso;
- ECameroon;
- IBenin;
- IZaire;
- IRiphabhlikhi yase-Ivory Coast;
- IKenya;
- ELiberia;
- I-Eritrea;
- IGambia;
- ENigeria;
- Mali.
I-Cape Monitor lizards zivame ukuhlala ezifundeni eziseduze namapulazi. Zikhetha ukuhlala emigodini ezinye izinhlobo ezingenamgogodla eziyimbayo. Badla ababaphethe futhi badla izinambuzane ezihlala eduze. Njengoba izibankwa zikhula futhi zikhula ngosayizi, zandisa izindawo zazo zokuhlala. Bachitha isikhathi esiningi sosuku emigodini.
Kwesinye isikhathi zingacasha ezihlahleni, njengoba zikwazi ukuzikhuphuka ngokuphelele. Bangakwazi ukulengisa isikhathi eside emiqhele yemithi emide. Indlela ebalulekile yokuqapha izibankwa umswakama owanele, ngoba ezimweni zesimo sezulu esomile kakhulu kungenzeka.
Idla ini isibankwa saseKapa?
Isithombe: Cape monitor lizard
Ukudla kusekelwe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezinambuzane.
Siyini isisekelo sokudla kwesibankwa saseKapa sokuqapha:
- izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Orthoptera - izintethe, amakhilikithi;
- umnenke omncane;
- ama-centipedes;
- kivsaki enkulu;
- izinkalankala;
- izicabucabu;
- amabhungane.
I-steppe monitor lizards ineqhinga elikhethekile lokudla izinambuzane ezinobuthi. Ngaphambi kokudla isinambuzane esinobuthi, basigcoba esilevini isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, bayakwazi ukunciphisa bonke ubuthi.
Njengoba ukhula futhi ukhula ngosayizi, isidingo senani lokudla liyakhula. Kodwa-ke, abafuyi bezibankwa ezingajwayelekile kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi kungcono ukubanciphisa kancane kunokuzinciphisa, ngoba ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla kusongela ngezifo ezahlukahlukene eziholela ekufeni kwezilwane.
Ngokukhula, ukudla kwezibankwa kugcwaliswa ngama-invertebrates amancane nama-arthropods amancane. Abaqaphi baseKapa abadeleli ngisho nofezela, osezingcwabe ngobuciko emhlabathini. Izilimi zabo zibasiza ekutholeni inyamazane yabo, kanti izidladla nezinzipho zabo eziqinile zisiza ngokushesha ukuthola izicabucabu nawofezela emhlabathini.
Ezimweni ezehlukile, isilwane esincelisayo esincane singaba isisulu sesigcilikisha esiqaphile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinambuzane ziwukudla okutholakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezihuquzelayo. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuqapha izibankwa kungasizakala ngesidumbu, noma izinambuzane ezizungeze ngobuningi bazo. Kodwa-ke, bayawaxwaya kakhulu umthombo onjalo wokudla, ngoba kulokhu bona ngokwabo basengozini yokuba yizisulu zezilwane ezidla inyama ezingacasha eduze.
Abalimi abaningi bezibankwa bazondla ngamagundane. Lokhu akulungile neze, ngoba amagundane akuvamile ukuthi adle ukudla okunjalo lapho ehlala ezimweni zemvelo. Mayelana nalokhu, bangakhula ukugaya, noma ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu ngenxa yezinwele eziphambukayo. Lapho zigcinwa ekhaya, amaqanda ezigwaca, izinhlanzi zasolwandle nenyama kungafaneleka njengesisekelo sefolishi.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Cape ukuqapha isibankwa ngokwemvelo
Izibankwa zaseKapa ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezizodwa. Bahola indlela yokuphila eyimfihlo futhi ehoxisiwe. Bachitha isikhathi esiningi sosuku emigodini, noma emiqhele yemithi emide, lapho, ngaphezu komthunzi nomswakama, kuhlala inqwaba yezinambuzane. Kakhulu banesimo esizolile, abavamile ukukhombisa ulaka. Zihlukaniswa nokuzivumelanisa kwazo ngokushesha nezimo ezishintshayo zemvelo. Ngokwemvelo sinikezwe amandla okubhukuda ngokuphelele. Kungalesi sizathu ukuthi ngaphezu kwezinye izibankwa ezinkulu zikulungele kakhulu ukugcinwa ekhaya.
Abesilisa bahlala endaweni ethile futhi banamathele kuyo. Lapho abafokazi bevela, bangayilwela indawo yabo. Lo mbango uqala ngokuxhashazana. Uma izindlela ezinjalo zingasebenzi, bazibandakanya ngodlame lokulwa nesitha. Kubukeka sengathi iklabhu yemizimba ibambene. Ngale ndlela yokulwa, abaphikisi balwela ukuluma isitha sabo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ukuboniswa kobudlova nentukuthelo yesibankwa kuvezwa ngokuhayiza nangokusonta umsila.
Abesifazane abasebenza kangako kunabesilisa. Zingasebenza hhayi kuphela ebusuku, kepha futhi nasemini. Emini, bafuna indawo yokuhlala efanele futhi bathole ukudla. Lapho kushisa kakhulu, zicasha ezindlini zokukhosela. Okokuqondisa esikhaleni, kusetshenziswa ulimi olude oluyimfoloko, oluvezwe kuze kube izikhathi ezingama-50 kungakapheli imizuzu nengxenye kuya kwemibili.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-Reptile Cape lizard
Ukukhiqiza kabusha, abaqaphi baseKapa bazalela amaqanda. Abantu bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokobulili okufike unyaka owodwa ubudala. Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ngo-Agasti - Septhemba. Ngemuva kwenyanga, sebevele bayabhangqa. Umama ozayo ufuna ngenkuthalo indawo ekahle yokubeka amaqanda. Njengalokhu, bavame ukusebenzisa ukucindezelwa kwemvelo emhlabathini, okutholakala emahlathini aminyene ezihlahleni, emahlathini.
Ekuqaleni kuze kube maphakathi nobusika, insikazi izalela amaqanda bese iyawafihla nge-substrate. Ngemuva kokuthi isidleke sesifihliwe, insikazi iyashiya. Abaqaphi baseKapa abanaso isimo semvelo somama, ngakho-ke abasifukamisi futhi abanandaba nokuphepha kwaso. Ubuningi bemikhuhlane busiza abantwana ukuthi baphile. Owesifazane oyedwa uzalela amaqanda afinyelela kwishumi nanhlanu ngasikhathi.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyikhulu kusukela ngesikhathi sokubekwa, izimbongolo ezincane ziyazalwa. Zichanyusela ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, lapho isikhathi semvula siqala esifundeni lapho kuhlala khona izibankwa. Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho inani elikhulu kakhulu lokuphakelwa kokudla lalibonwa.
Izintwala zizalwa zizimele ngokuphelele, futhi azidingi ukunakekelwa nokuvikelwa. Bayakwazi ukuthola ukudla ngokuzimela. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zifinyelela usayizi wamasentimitha ayi-12-15. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, izibankwa zisakazeka ezinhlangothini bese ziqala ukufuna indawo yokuhlala efanelekile. Bacasha ezimpandeni zezihlahla, izihlahla, amagxolo aphonswayo.
Ngosuku lokuqala ngemuva kokuchanyuselwa emaqandeni, ziyahamba zizingele futhi zidle noma iziphi izinambuzane ezilingana nazo ngosayizi. Izinambuzane ezincane, iminenke, ama-slugs - konke okungabanjwa izingane kusebenza njengesisekelo sabo sokudla.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Isilinganiso sobude besikhathi sokuphila ezimweni zemvelo asikasungulwa ngokunembile. Ngokusobala, ufinyelela eminyakeni eyi-8-9. Ekhaya, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kungakhuphuka kuye eminyakeni eyi-13-14.
Izitha zemvelo zeKapa ziqapha izibankwa
Isithombe: Cape monitor lizard
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-Cape Monitor lizard inezitha ezimbalwa. Izibankwa ezisencane, ezibuthakathaka, ezinesayizi encane zithathwa njengezisengozini enkulu. Umsila wazo awunamandla futhi uqine ngokwanele ukuba ungagodla ukuhlaselwa ngumzingeli, ngezindlela eziningi ophakeme ngosayizi namandla.
Izitha ezinkulu zemvelo zezibankwa:
- izinyoni - abazingeli bezilwane ezihuquzelayo;
- izinyoka;
- abadla inyama;
- Izihlobo zesibankwa uqobo, esidlula inyamazane yazo ngosayizi;
- umuntu.
Isitha esikhulu sesibankwa ngumuntu. Esikhathini esedlule, abantu babezingela ngokucophelela abaqaphi baseKapa ngezikhumba zabo nenyama ethambile. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nesidingo esandayo sezibankwa ngokwazo phakathi kwabathandi nabafuyi bezilwane ezingaphandle kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Namuhla, abantu ababulali nje kuphela izibankwa, kodwa futhi bayazibamba, babhubhise izidleke namaqanda ngenhloso yokuqhubeka nokuthengisa. Le ndlela ivumela amanye amalungu wabantu bendawo ukuthi enze imali enkulu.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuqapha kwezibankwa eKapa kuhlala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, ngeke kube nzima ukuzibamba. Izindleko ezijwayelekile zomuntu oyedwa ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-6-11. Isidingo esikhulu kakhulu sezibankwa siyabonakala entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho abathandi nabathandi bokuzijabulisa befuna ukuthola izibankwa ezisencane ezisanda kuchanyuselwa.
Abantu bendawo basabulala iKapa, noma ama-steppe aqapha izibankwa ukuze bathole isikhumba, lapho kwenziwa khona isikhumba esikhulu, amabhande, izikhwama nezikhwama.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Cape ukuqapha isilwane sesibankwa
Njengamanje, isibalo se-Cape, noma i-steppe monitor lizard asikhathazi, futhi silawulwa yi-IUCN. Azihlali ngobuningi bazo hhayi kuphela ezwenikazi i-Afrika, kodwa futhi nasezinkulisa, ema-zoo, naphakathi kwabafuyi bezilwane ezingaphandle kanye nezibankwa.
Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu obeletha laba bameleli bezilwane ezihuquzelayo owaziyo ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kahle. Imvamisa lokhu kuyimbangela yokufa noma yesifo sezibankwa zokuqapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukufuya izibankwa ekhaya, ngoba ngeke nje zizalele ekuthunjweni. Lokhu kungenxa yesikhala esilinganiselwe nokuntuleka kwesikhala ku-terrarium.
Ensimini yezwekazi lase-Afrika, akukho zinyathelo ezithathwayo ukunqanda noma ukunqabela ukuzingelwa noma ukubanjwa kweCape noma i-steppe monitor lizard. Kusukela namuhla isibalo sabo asikho engcupheni, azikho izinhlawulo zokubulala noma zokubamba isibankwa. Futhi, azikho izinhlelo ezihloselwe ukulondolozwa kohlobo nokukhulisa izinombolo zalo. Ekuthunjweni, izibankwa zaseKapa zikwazi ngisho nokubona abanikazi bazo, zenze imiyalo elula kakhulu, ziphendule igama lesidlaliso uma yamukelwa emndenini esemncane.
ICape Monitor lizard - lesi yisilonda esimangalisayo esihlukaniswa ngokukhalipha nobukhali obubabazekayo. Azinalo nolaka ngokuphelele, futhi zivumelana ngokushesha nezimo zemvelo eziguqukile. Ngenxa yalezi zimfanelo, lolu hlobo oluthile lwe-reptile luthandwa kakhulu njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 20.05.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 20.09.2019 ngo-20: 38
