Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwezinyoka ezingenabuthi yi vele, noma njengoba kubizwa nangokuthi - Okwangempela futhi. Igama labo lesiRussia livela egameni elidala lesiSlavonic elithi "uzh". Imele intambo. Abamele umndeni omile kancane ngaphandle bakude impela bafana nentambo encane, intambo. Bahlala cishe kulo lonke izwekazi lase-Eurasia, lapho kuhlala khona isimo sezulu esipholile.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Oh
Izinyoka zangempela kulula ukuzihlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka. Imvamisa zinobukhulu obuncane nokumakwa okuthile ekhanda - "izindlebe eziphuzi". Okungajwayelekile kakhulu amamaki amhlophe, awolintshi. Abesifazane nabesilisa bezinyoka cishe abanakho umehluko wangaphandle. Ungahlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane ngosayizi womsila kuphela.
Kwesilisa kukhulu, kunokuqina, kanti kowesifazane kufushane kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kokuqina. Ama-biotopes amanzi yindawo yokuhlala ethandwa kakhulu ngabamele umndeni osuvele umile. Lezi zinyoka zihlala eduze kwemizimba yamanzi, amaxhaphozi, imifula. Izinyoka zingabhukudi ezinhle kakhulu futhi "zitshuzi". Zingahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside.
Uhlobo lwezinyoka zangempela lubandakanya izinhlobo ezine:
- Okuvamile kakade;
- Amanzi;
- I-Viper isivele;
- Colchis.
Iqiniso elimnandi: Izinyoka kulula ukuzifuya. Lezi zilwane zibekezelela ukuthunjwa ngokujwayelekile; ngokuqeqeshwa okufanele, zithanjiswa kalula. Ikhaya alivamile eRussia, e-Ukraine naseBelarus.
Kwamanye amazwe, izinyoka zivame kakhulu. Zitholakala kalula emahlathini, eduze komfula noma ixhaphozi. Umuntu akufanele esabe izilwane ezinjalo. Baphephe ngokuphelele. Lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo azikwazi ukuluma. Ubuningi - bangakwazi ukunwaya isikhumba kuphela. Kepha ukuthola ngisho umonakalo onjalo kuzofanele uzame. Iningi lezinhlobo linyamalala ngokushesha lapho umuntu esondela. Kunzima ukuzibamba.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Snake Uzh
Kakade ezingqondweni zabantu abaningi inyoka encane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuhlali kunjalo. Iningi labamele lolu hlobo, empeleni, lunebude obufushane - amasentimitha angaphezulu kancane kweshumi nanhlanu. Kodwa-ke kunezinyoka, ubude bazo obungafinyelela kumamitha amathathu nohhafu. Kunezinto ezimbalwa kakhulu zazo.
Ividiyo: Hawu
Umzimba wezilwane ezihuquzelayo mncane kakhulu, umbozwe ngokuphelele ngezikali, ikhanda aligqameki kakhulu. Ikhanda livame ukuvikelwa ngababili bemikhondo ebekwe ngokulingana. Kwezinye izinhlobo, ama-scutes achazwe ngokusobala, kwezinye, acishe angabonakali. Izinhlobo ezintathu zabafundi zivela emndenini wabafundi abamise okuncane: ngokuvundlile, ngokulingana okuqondile, okuyindilinga. Ekupheleni komzimba, inyoka inomsila omncane. Sifushane cishe kahlanu kunomzimba. Ukuma komsila kuyahlukahluka, kepha okuvame kakhulu yi-tapered.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Izinyoka zinezikhathi zokuncibilika. Isikhumba esidala sichithwa ngumgodla. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho weqa izikhala ezincane.
Umbala wangemuva kwesilwane ungahluka kakhulu. Izithunzi ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- umnqumo;
- ushokoledi onsundu;
- umlotha ompunga;
- okumnyama;
- umbala obomvu onsundu.
Umbala ongemuva ungaqina noma ube namabala. Isisu sesirhubuluzi ngokuvamile sinombala okhanyayo: mpunga, mhlophe noma uphuzi. Ingabuye ibe namabala, imivimbo ye-longitudinal. Emlonyeni, izinyoka zinolimi oluyimfoloko, amazinyo amancane futhi abukhali. Amazinyo angahluka ngosayizi, ukuma. Amazinyo asemhlathini ongenhla avame ukukhuphuka ngosayizi aqonde pharynx.
Ihlala kuphi?
Isithombe: Sivele sijwayelekile
Ngokuphila, ukhetha yena izindawo lapho kunamanzi khona nomswakama ophezulu. Bahlala emadolobhaneni, ezintabeni, eduze nemifula, amachibi namachibi. Izinyoka zivame cishe kuyo yonke iYurophu, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi (eduze ne-Arctic Circle). Futhi, abanye abantu batholakala kwezinye izingxenye ze-Afrika. Okuhlukile yizindawo ezomile kakhulu.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinjalo zihlala eziqhingini zasePhilippines naseJapan. Zitholakala e-Asia, e-Australia. EBelarus, e-Ukraine, eRussia, bahlala cishe kuyo yonke indawo. Abanye abameleli bezinto esezivele zimile bahlukile kuningi lomndeni wabo. Esikhundleni samaxhaphozi, indawo emanzi, bakhetha inhlabathi enesihlabathi nesimo sezulu esomile. Kodwa-ke, zimbalwa izilwane ezinwabuzelayo.
Izinyoka ezigobayo ziyatholakala futhi phakathi kwabamele lezo esezivele zimile. Bakhetha indawo yehlathi abazophila kuyo. Emini noma ebusuku, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zingacasha ngaphansi kwamatshe, amaqabunga, emihosheni, uma zingadingi ukuzingela. Izinyoka ezibukhali, ngokwesibonelo, zikhetha ukuhlala enhlabathini. Bazingcwaba ngamabomu enhlabathini evulekile, ngokwengeza bazifakela isihlabathi. Zisebenza ebusuku kuphela. Phakathi nosuku zingabonakala kaningi - entwasahlobo, lapho ilanga liphuma.
Yini okudlayo vele?
Isithombe: Kancane futhi
Iningi lezinyoka lithanda ukudla izinhlanzi nezilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini. "Izibiliboco" ezithandwa kakhulu ngamaxoxo, onoshobishobi, izinhlanzi ezincane ezahlukahlukene. Kepha ngokungabi bikho kwabo, abanye abamele ama-amphibian - amaxoxo ezihlahla, amasele - ahamba njengokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinkulu zingadla izibankwa nezinye izinyoka, ngisho nohlobo lwazo uqobo. Kwesinye isikhathi amaqanda ezibankwa abe yisidlo sakusihlwa.
Futhi, izinambuzane ezincane, ama-moles, amagundane, amagundane amancane, amagundane e-vole, izinyoni ezincane, izingwejeje, amachwane, namaqanda ezinyoni ngokuvamile kuba ukudla. Izinhlobo ezihuquzelayo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zidla ama-mollusks, imisundu, izinambuzane ezincane, izibungu, amacimbi.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Izinyoka azizibulali izisulu zazo ngaphambi kokudla. Bayigwinya iphila. Kulula ukugwinya ukudla okuncane, kepha kufanele uthinte isisulu sezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinkulu. Kwenzeka ukuthi inqubo yokugwinya ibambezeleke ngisho namahora ambalwa.
Izinyoka zinezindlela ezahlukene zokuzingela. Emhlabeni, balwela ngenkuthalo ukudla kwabo kwesikhathi esizayo, futhi emanzini bangalinda umzuzu ofanele amahora. Futhi, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zalo mndeni azikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kokuphuza ngokweqile. Baphuza amanzi amaningi, kepha bangenza kalula ngaphandle kokudla. Ngemuva kokudla okunomsoco, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zingabulawa indlala izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokulimala empilweni.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Inyoka
Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zalo mndeni zisebenza kakhulu ngesikhathi sasemini. Uyazingela ekuseni, kwesinye isikhathi kusihlwa. Emini, uyakwazi ukushiswa yilanga. I-Sagittarius yizilwane ezisebenzayo. Bayazi ukugibela ngobuciko izihlahla, ukunqoba izithiyo ezahlukahlukene, ukuntywila nokubhukuda. Umuntu omdala angaba semanzini isikhathi eside.
Empilweni, izinyoka zalolu hlobo azizakheli imingcele ekhethekile. Bangachitha ubusuku ezindaweni ezifihliwe: enqwabeni yamaqabunga, ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla ezindala, endaweni yokufulela utshani nasemifantwini emikhulu yezakhiwo. Uma umhlabathi usendaweni ethambile, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo singazenzela umnyango ojulile futhi sicashe lapho ebusuku.
Isimo salezi zinyoka singabizwa ngobungani. Azinolaka, azilokothi zihlasele umuntu. Njengoba sesibonile abantu, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sikhetha ukucasha singaboni. Uma ubamba inyoka, uzobona izinhlobo ezintathu zobuqili zalezi zilwane, ezizisebenzisayo ukuzivikela. Okokuqala, isirhubuluzi sizoqala sishaye ikhwelo futhi sihlasele kancane sibheke isitha. Uma lokhu kungasabisi, uzokhipha ngokushesha iphunga elinyanyekayo. Uma leli qhinga lingasizi, kusho ukuthi uzenza sengathi ufile.
Uma iningi elivele lifana nalo selisebenza kakhulu, izinyoka zamanzi zikhetha indlela yokuphila elinganisiwe. Ebusuku cishe azinyakazi, emini zilima kancane izikhala zamanzi. Uma kunengozi, lezi zilwane zicasha ezansi.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Kumnyama vele
Wonke umuntu usevele adlule ezigabeni ezithile zentuthuko phakathi nempilo yakhe. Ikakhulukazi, ukuthomba kwenzeka kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine. Kukulesi sikhathi lapho izinyoka ziqala ukufuna umlingani wokukhwelana nokuzala. Isikhathi sokukhwelana salezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo siqala ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli size siphele ekupheleni kwehlobo. Izinyoka zithola umlingani, umlingani nezinsikazi zibekela amaqanda engxenyeni eyodwa.
Izinyoka zivundile ngokwanele. Insikazi ingabeka amaqanda ayisithupha kuya kwangamashumi amathathu ngesikhathi. Amaqanda abekwa ethambile, imvamisa anamathela ndawonye. Inzalo yesikhathi esizayo esivele ikulesi sigaba idinga ukuvikelwa nokunakekelwa, ngakho-ke izinyoka zihlala ziseduze ne-clutch.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Amaqanda ezihuquzelayo anjalo adinga ukunakekelwa nokuvikelwa okukhethekile. Babulawa ukoma nokubanda. Ngakho-ke, izinyoka zibalungiselela indawo ekhethekile efudumele enendawo enomswakama kusengaphambili. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuba yinqwaba yamaqabunga abolile noma inqwaba yobulongwe.
Imibungu iqala ukukhula emzimbeni womama. Lapho badlula ezigabeni zokuqala. Kumaqanda, inzalo isivele ibonakala kahle. Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha cishe amasonto ayisishiyagalombili. Ngalesi sikhathi, intsha ikhula ize ifike kumasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu ubude. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokushiya amaqanda, abantu abasha baqala ukuphila impilo ezimele.
Izitha zemvelo zezinyoka
Isithombe: Kakade kumvelo
Kakade - isilwane esihuquzelayo esincane, esisendaweni ekude kakhulu nochungechunge lokudla. Lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zivame ukuba izisulu zezinye izilwane ngisho nezinambuzane.
Abantu abadala bavame ukuhlaselwa yi:
- izimpungushe;
- i-mink;
- ama-martens;
- izinkozi;
- onogolantethe;
- ama-kites.
Futhi baba yizisulu zezinyoka ezinkulu ezinobuthi. Abaphikisani nokudla izimfezi. Abantu babeka ingozi ethile kubantu abadala. Abanye babanjelwa ukugcinwa emakhaya, abanye babulawa ukuzijabulisa kwabo. Izinyoka nazo ziyafa ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto, ngengozi zisemgqeni. Ezinye izingozi zisongela intsha namaqanda ezinyoka. Izinyoka ezincane zidliwa yizinyoni, amagundane. Amagundane amancane ngisho nezintuthwane zizitika ngamaqanda.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Seziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo
Okuvele kufana kudluliselwa emindenini emikhulu. Kubandakanya izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane nesigamu sezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezihlala cishe kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Abamele lolu hlobo alutholakali e-Antarctica kuphela. Isimo sabo sokongiwa kwemvelo sijwayelekile. Inani lalezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo alikhathazi kangako.
Endaweni yaseBelarus, eRussia nase-Ukraine, lezi zinyoka ziningi kakhulu. Zitholakala eduze kwemizimba yamanzi, imifula, amahlathi kanye namasimu. Noma kunjalo, akufanele wesabe izinyoka. Isirhubuluzi esinjalo asisiyingozi, asikaze sihlasele. Ezinye izinyoka zinobuthi. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi babo bubulala izilwane ezincane kuphela.
Naphezu kwesibalo esijwayelekile, kwezinye izingxenye zaseRussia lesi silwane asivamile futhi sibhalwe kuRed Book ezifundeni ezithile. Isibonelo kungaba yisifunda saseMoscow. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sidinga ukuvikelwa.
Ukuvikelwa kwenyoka
Isithombe: Oh
Asikho isidingo sokukhuluma ngokuqothulwa kwezinyoka. Lezi zilwane zinabantu abaningi, zisatshalaliswa cishe kuyo yonke insimu yomhlaba. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izindawo zamazwe, izinyoka zibhalwe kuRed Book, ehlotshaniswa nokwehla okukhulu kwenani lazo.
Izici ezilandelayo zithinta ukwehla kwenani lezinyoka:
- ukungcola okujwayelekile kwemvelo;
- ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kakhulu. Ezivele zimile azinayo indawo eyanele yokuzalela amaqanda nokukhulisa inzalo;
- ukungcoliswa kwemizimba yamanzi. Lokhu kuthinta ikakhulukazi inani lezinyoka zamanzi, lapho amadamu ayindawo eyinhloko yokuhlala.
Kwezinye izindawo lapho vele ibhalwe kuRed Book, izindawo ezivikelwe zihlelwe ezindaweni eziyisihluthulelo zezinhlobo. Izinyoka zijwayele abaningi kusukela ebuntwaneni. Ziyizinyoka eziphephile, ezincane ezitholakala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba. Abalimazi abantu, bafuywa kalula, futhi uma behlangana, bangaklwebha isikhumba kancane nje. Abamele umndeni wezinyoka akuzona izinhlobo ezisengozini, kepha kwamanye amadolobha nezifunda isibalo sabo sincipha kancane kancane ngenxa yokwehla kwesimo semvelo nokusebenza kwabantu okukhulu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 21.02.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 18.09.2019 ngo-10: 05
