I-kangaroo enkulu uhlala e-Australia. Ingabizwa nangokuthi i-kangaroo empunga esempumalanga ngenxa yombala wayo nesifunda sayo. Ngaphandle kokuthi ngosayizi nesisindo ziphansi kune-kangaroo ebomvu, abamele lolu hlobo oluthile lwezilwane abaholi abangenakuphikwa ekugxumeni, kanye nasekhonweni labo lokuthuthukisa isivinini esikhulu. Izazi ze-Zoologists zithi yilezi zinhlobo zezimbali nezilwane zase-Australia ezivulekile kakhulu ukuxhumana nabantu. Sekuyisikhathi eside ama-kangaroo ebhekwa njengezilwane ezingavamile kakhulu nezithakazelisayo ezikhona emhlabeni.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: I-kangaroo enkulu
Ama-kangaroo amakhulu angaphansi kwesigaba sezilwane ezincelisayo, ukuhleleka kwama-marsupials anezinhlangothi ezimbili, umndeni wama-kangaroo, uhlobo lwama-kangaroo amakhulu nohlobo lwama-kangaroo empunga asempumalanga. Izilwane azitholakalanga kwaze kwaba yilapho umhloli wamazwe waseDashi nesazi-mlando sithola i-Australia ngo-1606. Izakhamuzi zendawo zaleso sikhathi zabiza lesi silwane ngokuthi "genguru". Izilwane ezingaphandle ziye zajabulisa ososayensi nabacwaningi.
Ukulandela ukuvela kwesilwane, abacwaningi, izazi zezilwane zenze ucwaningo oluningi lofuzo nezinye izifundo. Bathola ukuthi okhokho abakude bama-kangaroo anamuhla bangama-procoptodon. Babengazi ukuthi bagxume kanjani njengabameleli besimanje bomndeni wekhangaru. Babevame ukuhamba ngemilenze yabo yangemuva. Ama-Procoptodon aqothulwa eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-15 edlule.
Ividiyo: I-Giant Kangaroo
Ososayensi baphinde baphetha ngokuthi igundane le-musky kangaroo ngukhokho omdala kakhulu we-kangaroo owadala ukuvela kwemvelo. Lezi zilwane zazinesisindo esingengaphezu kwesigamu sekhilogremu futhi zivumelane ngokuphelele nezimo zemvelo. Ngokusobala, amagundane e-musk avela cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-30 edlule. Babengahlala phansi kanye nasezihlahleni.
Babhekwa njengabacishe babe omnivorous. Bangadla izimpande zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, amahlamvu, izithelo zezihlahla nezihlahlana, imbewu, njll. Ngemuva kwalokho amagundane e-musk kangaroo aveza izinhlobo eziningana zezilwane. Abanye bakhethe ihlathi njengendawo yabo yokuhlala, abanye baqala ukuthuthukisa izigodi nezindawo ezi-flat. Isigaba sesibili sezilwane siphumelele ukusebenza kangcono. Bafunda ukuthuthukisa isivinini esikhulu - ngaphezu kwe-60 km / h, futhi nokondla izinhlobo ezomile zohlaza.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: I-kangaroo enkulu yezilwane
I-kangaroo empunga yase-Australia ingafinyelela ubude bamamitha amathathu. Isisindo somuntu omdala oyedwa sifinyelela kuma-70-85 kilogram. Ezilwaneni, i-dimorphism yezocansi iyavezwa. Abesifazane baphansi kakhulu ngosayizi nangesisindo somzimba kwabesilisa.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ukukhula komzimba wabesifazane kuyama lapho kuqala ukuthomba. Abesilisa bayaqhubeka bekhula kukho konke ukuphila kwabo. Abanye besilisa bakhulu ngokuphindwe ka-5-7 kunabesifazane.
Inhloko yesilwane incane, inezindlebe ezinkulu, ezinde. Amehlo amancane, amise okwenziwe ngama-alimondi azimele imivimbo emide. Zinomsebenzi wokuvikela, zivimbela ukungena kothuli nesihlabathi. Ikhala le-kangaroo limnyama. Izilwane zinomhlathi ongezansi ongavamile. Imiphetho yayo isongwe ngaphakathi. Isibalo samazinyo singama-32-34. Amazinyo aklanyelwe ukuhlafuna ukudla kwezitshalo ngakho-ke awanampande. Amazinyo we-canine alahlekile. Uma ubheka i-kangaroo, kubonakala sengathi izingalo zayo ezingenhla azithuthuki kahle. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezingemuva, zimfushane kakhulu futhi zincane. Imilenze yangemuva mikhulu. Banamandla amakhulu ngonyawo olude, olude. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo semilenze, izilwane ziyakwazi ukuthuthukisa isivinini esikhulu futhi zibe ngabaholi kuma-jump high.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izilwane ziyakwazi ukufinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-65 km / h bese sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-11-12 ukuphakama.
Umsila nawo unomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Yinde futhi iminyene. Umsila usetshenziswa njengesondo lokushayela ngenkathi unyakaza, futhi uyasiza ekubuyiseni umphikisi ngesikhathi sokulwa futhi usebenza njengokwesekela uhleli. Ubude bomsila kwabanye abantu budlula imitha elilodwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uma izilwane ziphumule, isisindo somzimba wazo siwela ezingalweni zangemuva. Ngokugxuma, basebenzisa ikakhulukazi iminwe yesine neyesihlanu yelungu ngalinye langemuva. Izinzwani zesibili nezesithathu zingama-appendages anemigqa emide. Zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa ijazi. Umunwe wokuqala ulahlekile nhlobo. Izingalo zangaphambili zinezandla ezincane ezinamazipho. Ama-kangaroo asebenzisa ngobuciko njengezandla. Bangabamba ukudla, bambe phansi, futhi bangashaya izitha.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngokumangazayo, izingalo zangaphambili zisetshenziswa njenge-thermoregulation. Izilwane ziyazikhotha, kuthi lapho amathe esoma, kuphole igazi ngaphakathi emithanjeni yegazi engenhla, kwehlise izinga lokushisa komzimba.
Umbala wejazi ikakhulu ungwevu. Kungahluka kancane ngokuya ngendawo ohlala kuyo. Isifunda somgogodla nezinhlangothi sinombala omnyama kunengxenye engezansi yomzimba. Abesilisa bahlala bumnyama kancane kunabesifazane.
Ihlala kuphi i-kangaroo enkulu?
Isithombe: Kangaroo Grey Oriental
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi i-kangaroo idabuka e-Australia. Noma kunjalo, lesi akusona ukuphela kwesifunda sendawo abahlala kuyo.
Izindawo ze-Geographic lapho kuhlala khona ama-kangaroo amakhulu:
- Australia;
- ITasmania;
- ENew Guinea;
- Iziqhingi zaseBismarck;
- EHawaii;
- E-New Zealand;
- Isiqhingi saseKawau.
Izilwane zingaba khona ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zezulu, kusukela esimweni sezulu esomile, esishisayo sase-Australia ezifundeni ezimaphakathi kuya ezindaweni ezinomswakama ezishisayo ezungeze izwekazi. Lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo azibesabi nakancane abantu, ngakho-ke zingakwazi ukuhlala ezindaweni zokuhlala zabantu ezingekho abantu abaningi. Bakhangwa nawumhlaba wezolimo osendaweni, ngoba ungathola ukudla njalo khona. Abalimi bavame ukondla izilwane ngemifino, izithelo, nezinye izitshalo ezitshalwe epulazini. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, ama-kangaroo amakhulu yizilwane zasemhlabeni ezikhetha indawo eyisicaba enezimila eziminyene nezihlahlana njengezindawo zokuhlala.
Kunezinhlobo ezithile zezilwane eziguqulelwe ukuhlala ezihlahleni, nasezintabeni. Inani elikhulu kakhulu lezilwane ligxile engxenyeni eseningizimu ye-Australia esifundazweni saseQueensland, eVictoria, eNew Wales. Futhi izindawo eziyizintandokazi zokuhlalisa ama-marsupials imicengezi yemifula iDarlene neMurray. Izigodi ezivulekile, kanye namahlathi emvula aseduze kwemithombo yamanzi, aheha izilwane ezinenhlobonhlobo nenala yokudla.
Idlani i-kangaroo enkulu?
Isithombe: Ama-Kangaroo amakhulu e-Australia
AmaMarsupial abhekwa njengezilwane ezidla inyama. Zondla kuphela ngokudla kwezitshalo. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwesakhiwo somhlathi ophansi, kanye nomgudu wokugaya ukudla, ukungabikho kwama-canines, bayakwazi ukuhlafuna nokugaya ukudla kwezitshalo kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba uhlaza olunzima nolomile. Noma yini izilwane ezingayibamba nalokho okuseduze kungaba ngumthombo wokudla.
Yini engadliwa yikhangaru:
- Izimpande zesihlahla, amakhambi;
- Amaqabunga, amahlumela amancane;
- Bathanda ugamthilini namahlamvu omtholo;
- Izithelo zezihlahla zezithelo;
- Izinso;
- Imbewu;
- I-Alfalfa;
- I-Clover;
- Imidumba ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza;
- Utshani buyinkukhu.
Izilwane ezihlala emahlathini emvula, kanye namachibi emithombo yamanzi, zinethuba lokudla izimila ezinamanzi amaningi, ezahlukahlukene. AmaKangaroo, ahlala ezifundeni ezimaphakathi ne-Australia ezinesimo sezulu esomile, esishisayo, aphoqeleka ukuba adle izitshalo ezimahhadla, ezomile, nameva. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi abesilisa bathatha cishe ihora nesigamu ukusutha kunabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane, ikakhulukazi labo abaphethe nokukhulisa amaphuphu abo, bakhetha izinhlobo zezimila ezicebile kakhulu kumaprotheni.
Abamele i-marsupial bemifino nezilwane zase-Australia bahlukaniswa nokuzithoba kwabo ekudleni. Futhi kulula ukushintsha indlela odla ngayo, ngenkathi udla ngisho nezinhlobo ezinjalo zohlaza ezingakaze zikudle ngaphambili. Imifino nezithelo ezitshalwe emapulazini kubhekwa njengokuzisiza okhethekile kubo. Ama-marsupial cishe awasebenzisi amanzi, ngoba ngobuningi obanele angena emzimbeni nezitshalo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-kangaroo enkulu
Ama-kangaroo amakhulu yizilwane ezihlala eqenjini. Lawa ngamaqembu amancane ezilwane, afaka owesilisa oyedwa noma ngaphezulu nabesifazane abaningana, kanye namazinyane. Isikhundla esiholayo sinikezwa owesilisa. Amawundlu asekhulile ashiya imindeni yawo ukuze akhe awabo. Iqembu likhona esigabeni sabaphathi esiqinile. Abaholi banendawo engcono yokulala nokuphumula, kanye nokudla okumnandi kakhulu futhi okumnandi kakhulu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi akuvamile ngamaqembu ama-kangaroo ukuba angene ezindaweni ezithile, ngakho-ke abukho ubutha phakathi kwawo ngendawo yokuhlala. Uma indawo yokuhlala iqukethe inani elidingekayo lokudla, kanye nezimo zezulu ezikahle, futhi kungekho zidliwayo, ama-kangaroo angakha amaqembu amaningi, afaka abantu abangafika kwabangu-7-8. Bangamane, ngaphandle kwesizathu esizwakalayo, bashiye isiza lapho bahlala khona bese beya kwenye indawo.
Zisebenza kakhulu ebusuku nasebusuku. Lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi bokuzingelwa yizilwane ezizingelayo. Emini bakhetha ukuphumula, noma ukulala endaweni enomthunzi, bavikelekile ekushiseni okukhulu. Ukuze zihlale unomphela, izilwane zizimbela imigodi ngezidladla zangaphambili, noma zakha izidleke ngotshani nezinye izinhlobo zezimila. Ngokushesha nje lapho noma yiliphi ilungu leqembu lizwa ukusondela kobungozi, liqala ukushaya phansi ngezidladla zangaphambili futhi lenze imisindo ethile efana nokuchofoza, ukububula noma ukuhayiza. Lonke iqembu libona lokhu njengophawu lokubaleka.
Kuyathakazelisa! Njengendlela yokuzivikela nokuzivikela, ama-kangaroo asebenzisa izitho zawo zangemuva, ezinamandla amakhulu omthelela.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Giant Kangaroo Cub
Asikho isikhathi esithile sonyaka lapho kuqala isikhathi sokukhwelana. Zingazala unyaka wonke. Abesilisa balwela ilungelo lokunakekela insikazi. Kufana nokulwa kwabantu ngaphandle kwemithetho. Izilwane zimi ngezitho zazo zangemuva, zincike emsileni wazo, bese ziqala ukushayana ngezingalo zangaphambili. Ezimpini ezinjalo, bangalimaza kakhulu. Abesilisa bathambekele ekuphawuleni indawo ngamathe, anephunga elithile. Izimpawu ezinjalo angazishiya otshanini, ezihlahleni, ezihlahleni, nakwabesifazane, okuheha ukunaka kwabo. Ngakho-ke, banikela ngemininingwane kwabanye besilisa ukuthi le nsikazi isivele imatasa.
Abesifazane bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi cishe eminyakeni eyi-2-2.5. Kwabesilisa, lesi sikhathi senzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokukhula, abesilisa bayanda ngosayizi, okwandisa amathuba abo okuwina impi yelungelo lokungena emshadweni. Kwamanye amaqembu, owesilisa omkhulu kunabo bonke angenza ukukhwelwa okuningi.
Ukukhulelwa kuthatha inyanga kuphela. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izilwane azinayo i-placenta futhi zinama-vagina amathathu. Enye yazo yenzelwe ukuthwala nokuzala umntwana, ezinye ezimbili ezokukhwelana. Imvamisa, owesifazane oyedwa uzala izinyane elilodwa. Ngenxa yokungabikho kweplasenta, ama-kangaroo azalwa ebuthakathaka kakhulu, engathuthuki futhi engenakuzisiza. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, owesifazane ubadlulisela esikhwameni sakhe soboya. Lapho banamathela kwingono futhi bachitha cishe omunye unyaka, baze baqine futhi bakhule. Ezinganeni ezingathuthuki kahle, i-Reflex encelayo ayithuthukiswa, ngakho-ke owesifazane uqobo lwakhe ulawula ukugeleza kobisi kuye ku-cub ngokuncipha kwamaqembu athile emisipha. Izingane zisesikhwameni sikamama aze abe nenzalo entsha.
Izitha zemvelo zama-kangaroo amakhulu
Isithombe: I-kangaroo enkulu yezilwane
Endaweni yazo yemvelo, ama-marsupials awanazo izitha eziningi. Isitha esikhulu nesibaluleke kakhulu yizinja zedingo. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva, inani labo lehle kakhulu, okunomphumela omuhle enanini labantu be-kangaroo. Ngaphezu kwezinja ze-dingo, ama-kangaroo angazingelwa izimpungushe, nangama-feline amakhulu. Izilwane ezinkulu ezinamaphiko ziyingozi kakhulu kuma-kangaroo. Bavame ukuzingela ama-kangaroo amancane, bangabakhipha ngezinzipho eziqinile kusuka ezinqeni zikanina. Izilwane nazo zibulawa yimililo esakazeka ngesivinini sombani ezindaweni ezinkulu ezindaweni ezishisayo nezomile.
Kufaka isandla ekwehleni kwenani labantu nemisebenzi yabantu. Abantu bathuthukisa izindawo eziya ngokwanda, bachitha indawo yemvelo yezilwane, futhi bazibulale ukuze bavikele amapulazi abo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi, ama-kangaroo abulawa ngenhloso yokuthola inyama nezikhumba. Inyama yezilwane ibhekwa njengekhalori eliphansi, ukudla okugaya kalula. Kodwa-ke, inzima ngandlela thile, ngaphandle kwenyama esendaweni yomsila. Isikhumba sesilwane naso sinenani elikhulu. Abomdabu bayayazisa kakhulu amandla nemfudumalo yayo. Ingasetshenziselwa ukwenza amabhande, izikhwama, izikhwama zemali, nezinye izinto.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Kangaroo Grey Oriental
Namuhla, inani lama-kangaroo amakhulu cishe lilinganiselwa ku-2 000 000 abantu emhlabeni wonke. Uma kuqhathaniswa, eminyakeni engaba ngu-20 edlule, inani labantu emhlabeni lalingaba ngu-10 000 000. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuzinza okuzinzile kuye kwaphawulwa ekukhuleni kwenani labantu. Namuhla, izilwane azikho engozini. Bazala ngenkuthalo endaweni yabo yemvelo. E-Australia, ngisho nasezingeni lomthetho, ukuzingela kuvunyelwe ekutholeni ilayisense.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, inani lama-marsupials lehla kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda okuqinile kwenani lezinja ezingama-dingo, okuyizitha eziyinhloko zama-kangaroo emvelweni. Babulawa futhi ngabalimi, ababalimaza kakhulu, bacekela phansi izitshalo zabo. Namuhla, inani lama-kangaroo amakhulu alisongelwa. Azikho izinyathelo ezithathiwe ukuvikela nokwandisa lezi zinhlobo. Izilwane zingazwana nabantu, zizizwa zikhululekile ekuthunjweni.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 19.02.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 16.09.2019 ngo-0: 15
