Nosuha Ingabe isilwane esincelisayo esincane esihle. Babizwa ngegama labo ngamakhala abo ahamba kakhulu, akhombisa imizwa eyinhloko yesilwane. Igama lesayensi lesilwane yi-coati, elivela eNdiya lisho ukuthi "Ikhala". Ngenkathi abantu beya ngokuya beba nezilwane ezixakile ekhaya, i-nosoha futhi iyisilwane semindeni eminingi, isimilo sayo sifundwe endle nasekhaya.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Nosuha
UNosuha ungowomndeni we-raccoon we-oda lezilwane ezidla ezinye, unokufana okuningi nabo, kepha kukhona umehluko kukho kokubili ukubukeka nezici zokuziphatha. Phambilini, bebeqhathaniswa nezimbila nezimpungushe, ngokubukeka, uhlobo lokudla noma lokuziphatha, kepha lesi silwane sivele sasisondelene kakhulu nama-raccoon, ikakhulukazi ngesimilo nesakhiwo somzimba.
Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamakhala:
- Ikhala elijwayelekile;
- I-Coati;
- Ikhala lentaba.
Zihlukile ngombala futhi zinomzimba omncane, futhi zivame kakhulu emazwenikazi ahlukene. Ososayensi ngezikhathi ezithile bahlukanisa izinhlobo zezilwane zibe ama-subspecies ngokuya ngesici esisodwa noma esinye, ngokwesibonelo, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, kwase kukhonjwe ama-subspecies ayishumi nantathu we-nosoha ejwayelekile. Abantu abaningi banezici ezinhle kakhulu zezimilo nendlela yokuphila, esekela ukuhlukaniswa kube yizinhlobo ezingaphansi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusengudaba oluphikisanayo futhi inani lama-subspecies lingahluka.
Lezi zilwane zingokwenhlalo, indlela eziphatha ngayo iyathakazelisa kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo, ekuxhumaneni, basebenzisa inqwaba yemisindo, banobuso obusebenzayo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yekhala, kanye namaqembu abakha phakathi kwezihlobo zabo eziseduze kakhulu. Amakhala ayefuywa, futhi kuya ngokuya kuthandwa ukuba nalezi zilwane emakhaya.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Isilwane sekhala
Isidlakudla esiphakathi nendawo, umzimba uvulekile, cishe u-cm 60. Umsila mude ukusuka kuma-30 kuye kuma-70 cm, welulwe ubheke phezulu, futhi ekugcineni nje usagobile kancane. Isisindo somuntu omdala singafinyelela ku-10 kg, kepha ngokwesilinganiso siyi-6 - 8 kg. Imilenze imifushane, inamandla, imilenze yangaphambili imfishane kunaleyo yangemuva. Ama-paaw mancane, anamaqakala agobekayo, izinzwane eziqinile nezinzipho ezinkulu ezibukhali, ezivumela amakhala ukuthi akhuphuke phansi naphezulu abambe inhlabathi, i-turf ngisho nokukhonkotha efuna ukudla. Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi lesi silwane sasemhlabeni sinolwelwesi phakathi kwezinzwani, futhi, njengoba kwenzekile, bathanda ukubhukuda futhi bakwenze kahle kakhulu.
Ividiyo: Nosuha
Isifonyo siwumngcingo, nekhala elibheke phezulu, ngokulingana nomzimba. Kwakungenxa yokubonga kuye ukuthi wathola igama lakhe. Impumulo ibukeka njenge-proboscis encane, iqukethe ama-receptors amaningi ngaphakathi futhi ifakwe inamba enkulu kakhulu yemisipha, ngakho-ke ihamba kakhulu futhi iyathakazelisa. Ngosizo lwayo, ikhala liveza imizwa, lithole ukudla futhi likususe ngobuciko ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Izindlebe ziyindilinga, zihlanzekile, zincane. Amehlo amnyama, ayindilinga, ahlelwe asondele kakhulu ekhaleni futhi aqondiswe phambili.
Amakhala embozwe umfaniswano ngokuphelele ngezinwele ezimfishane, ezihhadlile nezifudumele. Isilwane simnyama ngombala: nsundu, mpunga nokumnyama. Ohlangothini lwe-ventral, ilula kakhulu, isifuba nesisu kusondele ngokuphuzi. Esifubeni kunamabala amhlophe ekukhanyeni: ezindlebeni ezungeze umjikelezo, ezungeze amehlo ngamachashaza nomhlathi wonke ongezansi kuze kube sekuqaleni kwentamo. Ingemuva, imilenze yangaphandle nezidladla uqobo kuyizindawo ezimnyama kakhulu zomzimba. Umsila unemigqa, kukhona ukushintshana kwemibala ekhanyayo nemnyama yoboya futhi ngokulinganayo futhi kuwo wonke umsila kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni.
Uhlala kuphi uNosoha?
Isithombe: Raccoon Ekhaleni
Lesi silwane siyaziwa futhi sisakazekile eMelika. Kwesinye isikhathi zingabonakala eduze kwezindlu nemigqomo kadoti. Azinamahloni kakhulu futhi azikwazi ukuhlala endle kuphela, kodwa zihlangana kalula nabantu. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhala zihlala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zaseMelika. INosoha ejwayelekile iyisakhamuzi saseNingizimu Melika, lapho, ezindaweni ezishisayo, kuvame kakhulu. UCoati uyisakhamuzi ikakhulu eNyakatho Melika, nengxenye yaso engezansi. Impumulo yezintaba iyindlala futhi ihlala endaweni elinganiselwe kakhulu, ezigodini zase-Andes zaseNingizimu Melika, eduze nenyakatho.
AmaNoos ahloniphekile endaweni yawo yokuhlala, ngezinga elikhulu ahlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, ahamba kalula futhi agxume ezihlahleni. Kepha inani elanele lama-snout laziwa ezindaweni eziwugwadule, lapho, kungabonakala, indawo ehluke ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, izilwane zizivumelanise nezimo ezinjalo. Futhi, isibonelo, ikhala lasentabeni - uhlobo olwaqanjwa ngegama lezindawo zalo zokuhlala, luwukuphela kohlobo oluhlala eduze kwezintaba.
Vele kukhona uhlaza nenhlabathi eyanele ezigodini, kukhona konke ukuze uphile ngokunethezeka. UNosuha uhlala emhlabeni, angenza ngaphandle kwezidumbu zamanzi. Noma kunjalo, uyakwazi ukubhukuda nokuntywila, futhi iqembu lonke lalezi zilwane ezinhle lingahlala eduze nemizimba yamanzi.
Yini edliwa yinosoha?
Isithombe: Nosuha (coati)
Amakhala anomnivorous, njengoba engathobekile endaweni yawo nasekudleni. Ngosuku lomuntu omdala, kuyadingeka ukuthi kudle 1 - 1.5 kg okudliwayo. Lapho zifuna ukudla, amakhala athembele emunweni wawo ojulile wokuhogela, ngamakhala awo, njengenhlamba, agebha inhlabathi, aphendule amatshe, ahogele utshani nezihlahla. Njengoba lokhu kuyisilwane esidlayo, okokuqala, izikhala zizoncamela izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini, amaxoxo nezibankwa, amaqanda ezinwabuzelayo nezinyoni, ofezela, izinambuzane, izibungu, amagundane, amagundane, ama-voles kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izidalwa ezincane. Ngezinsuku ezilambile, amakhala adla izintuthwane, izicabucabu nezinye izinto ezincane. Ukuzingela kwenzeka neqembu lonke labantu abadala, abanamathela kulo. UNosuha uqale acindezele isisulu phansi ngezidladla zakhe, bese eluma ngokulambisa ngemihlathi yakhe emincane enamandla, bese esidla ngezingxenye. Isilwane sibuye sidle nezidumbu.
Amakhala athanda noma iziphi izithelo, ezintsha nezibolile, aziphikisi ukuhlafuna impande noma amahlumela amancane ezihlahla. Ngezidladla zabo eziminyene, baxebula kalula amagxolo ezihlahla befuna amabhungane, izimpukane nezinye izinambuzane. Bangakwazi futhi ukumba izimbobo ezincane futhi bafune okuthile okudliwayo emhlabathini. Izilwane zinamazinyo angama-40, ezinye zazo zibukhali kakhulu, zizacile, ezinye ziyi-tubercles yokugaya ukudla. Lo mshini womhlathi ulungele ukudla kwenyama nezitshalo. Ekufuneni ukudla, izilwane, kuvela, zinobungane kakhulu: owokuqala ukuthola ukudla uphakamisa umsila wakhe phezulu bese ukhipha impempe yesici. Ngawo lo mzuzu, izihlobo zizobuthana lapho kutholakala khona.
Phakathi kwabathandi bezilwane, kukhona labo abanamakhala ekhaya. Vele, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukudla kwabo kwansuku zonke. Kufanele ifake inyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda, kwesinye isikhathi unganikeza i-cottage shizi noshizi, ngeke benqabe. Izithelo, ezilula kakhulu zifanelekile: ama-apula, ubhanana, amabhilikosi, ama-plums kanye namajikijolo. Izimpande zezitshalo azithandi amakhala, kepha akunakwenzeka ukuthi zenqabe. Kubalulekile ukunikeza izilwane ezifuywayo amanzi amaningi, kungcono ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isitsha sokuphuza sigcwaliswa njalo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Isilwane esincelisayo saseNosoha
UNosoha uncamela ukuqhubeka nempilo esebenzayo ngesikhathi sasemini, kuthi ebusuku bagibele esihlahleni noma kwenye indawo eyimfihlo yokulala. Kepha lokhu akuyona into ehlukanisiwe, bangazingela ebusuku, konke kuya ngezidingo. Amakhala ahamba kancane, ahamba kamnandi njengamakati. Lapho nje zizwa ingozi, umsila wazo ugijimela phezulu kakhulu, zenza imisindo yokukhonkotha, futhi zisuke zibaleke, zenze ijubane elifinyelela kuma-30 km / h.
Eduze kwezihlahla, amakhala azethemba kakhulu. Zigibela ngobunyoninco futhi ngokushesha zikhuphuke izihlahla, lapho zicasha khona ezitheni zazo zomhlabathi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amakhala anemisindo ehlukahlukene ekhipha lapho exhumana. Abanye ososayensi bazibeka phakathi kwezilwane ezithuthuke ngokwedlulele ngobuso obuhlukahlukene, ukukhuluma nokukhathalela izihlobo zazo. Ngempela, abesifazane bakulungele ukunakekela amawundlu abanye abantu uma kwenzeka kushona umama wabo. Baqhathaniswa nezinyamazane, bebuka ukuxhumana kwabo okuyinkimbinkimbi emhlambini phakathi komunye nomunye.
Amakhala awakuthandi ukushisa, elangeni elikhanyayo elikhanyayo ancamela ukuba semthunzini wezihlahla. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ziyaziwa ukuthi ziyasebenza kakhulu kusihlwa, kusihlwa. Abantu abadala banesibopho sokudla, bazingela kakhulu izinsuku zonke, futhi amawundlu asekhulile ayadlala futhi afunda kuphela ukuzitholela ukudla kwawo, aqale ngezithelo nezinambuzane ezincane. Isikhathi sokuphila se-nosoha cishe siyiminyaka eyi-8-10 endle futhi umphumela urekhodwa kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-18 ekuthunjweni.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Amakhala omntwana
Izilwane zihlala ngamaqembu amancane kusuka kubantu abaningana kuya kwabangamashumi amahlanu. Izinsikazi ezinamazinyane zihlala ndawonye, kuyilapho ezesilisa ezindala ziphila impilo yodwa futhi zijoyina amaqembu ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokukhwelana. Ngendlela, isikhathi sokukhwelana sihlala kubo isikhathi eside, kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMashi. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa banesikhathi sokujoyina imihlambi yezinsikazi ngokukhula okuncane. Imvamisa, kumhlambi wezinsikazi, umuntu kufanele alwe nenye eyeduna. Balwa ngezidladla namazinyo abukhali. Ophumelele uba ngumholi wepakethe, umaka insimu ngemfihlo ekhethekile ekhishwe emchameni, bese eqala ukwenza umsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo.
Ukukhwelana kwenzeka ngemuva kwesandulela esincane ngesimo sokukhotha uboya besifazane ngolimi. Abesilisa abesilisa nabesifazane bonke abavuthiwe ngokocansi emhlambini wakhe. Ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yokukhwelana, abesilisa bahlala isikhashana. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga ezingu-2,5. Okungenani amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokubeletha, abesifazane baxosha abesilisa babo, bese ngamunye wabo ethatha umhlalaphansi ezindaweni eziyimfihlo - amagatsha ezihlahla afaneleka kakhulu, lapho akha khona izidleke. Imvamisa kuzalwa ama-4 - 6 amawundlu, anesisindo esingu-60 - 80 gram. Abasizi ngalutho ngokuphelele, abayizimpumputhe, abanaboya, badinga ukunakekelwa komama nemfudumalo. Amehlo emakhaleni amancane avuleka ngosuku lweshumi, njengamazinyane amancane. Eminyakeni yamasonto ambalwa, sezivele zizama ukweqa esidlekeni, insikazi kufanele ikubheke ngokuqinile lokhu. Baqala ukukhula ngokomzimba, bafunde ukuhamba nokugibela izihlahla.
Ukumunca emakhaleni kungahlala izinyanga ezine. Ngemuva kwalokho, amawundlu azimela, afunde ukuzingela nokudlala okuningi. Eminyakeni emibili ubudala, amawundlu ezinsikazi ayavuthwa ngokocansi futhi aqale ukuzala abantwana ngokwawo. Abesilisa baqala ukuthomba beneminyaka emithathu ubudala. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwabo, abesifazane bangaletha inzalo yabo kuze kube izikhathi eziyishumi.
Izitha zemvelo zekhala
Isithombe: I-Nose Raccoon
Izidlakudla ezinkulu zisongela i-nosoha. Kunamaqembu amathathu amakhulu ezitha zemvelo ahlala nazo. Endaweni evulekile, ngokungabikho kwehlathi, zivame ukuzingelwa izinyoni ezidla inyama, isibonelo, ama-kites, ama-hawk. Ngakho-ke, amakhala akhetha ukugcina kulezo zindawo lapho kukhona noma yiziphi izindawo zokukhosela: izihlahla, amatshe, imifantu, izimbobo.
Izitha ezilandelayo ezingezona ingozi eziyingozi ngamakati adlayo: ama-jaguar, ama-ocelots, izingwe. Zibeka ingozi futhi emhlabathini. Yize lezi zidlakela zikwazi ukuhamba ngobuhlakani zihlahla ezihlahleni, zizingela ikakhulukazi emhlabathini. Ukuphunyuka esidlekeni esinje cishe akunakwenzeka nge-nosoha, kuncane kubo kukho konke: ngejubane, nangobukhali, nangosayizi. Futhi singazihlukanisa ngokuhlukile izakhamizi eziyingozi ezinjalo zamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo njengezinyoka. Ama-Boas aguqulelwa kakhulu empilweni emahlathini futhi umbala wawo uwufihla ngokwesizinda esijwayelekile. Imvamisa, amakhala awela kulolu gibe. Njengoba ziklinyiwe, izikebhe ziyazigwinya ziphelele bese ziyagaya kancane kancane.
Yize inezinzipho namazinyo abukhali, ayiwasebenzisi ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, incane kakhulu. Yize kunjalo, iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi amakhala akwazi ukugijima isikhathi eside engozini esondela; ngokusho kweminye imibiko, kungenzeka angabehli ijubane kuze kube ngamahora amathathu elandelana.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Nosuha
INosoha ziningi futhi zivamile kulo lonke elaseMelika, ngaphandle kwengxenye esenyakatho kakhulu. Umuntu manje unentshisekelo yokulondolozwa kwemvelo nezinhlobo zezilwane, ngakho-ke akukho okusongela i-nosoha. Vele bazingela amakhala, kanti eMelika inyama yamakhala isidlo esaziwa kahle, noboya bubalulekile. Kepha ukudutshulwa kwamakhala kulawulwa ngokuqinile, imisebenzi ye-amateur engekho emthethweni ijeziswa kanzima.
Izilwane nazo zingaba nengcindezi yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi nokuvakashelwa kaningi kwabantu ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala. Akukho okungenziwa ngalokhu.ukuthuthuka kwezokwakha nezokuvakasha nakho akumile. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, lokhu kuthinta ikhala lasentabeni, yizinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke ezihlala endaweni elinganiselwe. Abangaphandle bayabavimba futhi babaphoqe ukuba bathuthele ezindaweni ezizimele, lapho izimo zokudla nokuzalanisa kungahle kungabi kuhle.
Isimo sezinhlobo - Ukukhathazeka Okungencane. Ngempela, ikhala eyaziwa kakhulu kubantu baseMelika. Kuyakhuthaza futhi ukuthi ososayensi bayabafunda ngentshisekelo enkulu njengezilwane ezithuthuke kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka ukwehla okungazelelwe kwesibalo sabantu, kunethemba lokuthi isayensi nesifiso somuntu kuzosiza ukulungisa isimo. Futhi manje, ngesifiso esinamandla, ungaba nesilwane esinjalo ngisho nasekhaya, njengoba uke wacabanga phambilini ngazo zonke izici zokuzinakekela.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 06.02.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 16.09.2019 ngo-16: 29
