Impisi enamanzi Isilwane esidlayo esivela kuhlobo lwama-canines. Manje sekukholelwa ukuthi impisi enjalo ingummeleli oyingqayizivele wohlobo lwayo futhi othakazelisa kakhulu ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okungavamile. Impisi enomhlwenga ifana kakhulu nempungushe ebomvu enemilenze emincane futhi emide kakhulu. Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-guara, impisi enamadoda, i-aguarachay, okuhumusha kusuka esiGrekini kuya esiRashiya kusho "inja enomsila omfushane wegolide."
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kunokufana okuphawulekayo ekubukekeni phakathi kwempungushe nempisi enomhlwenga, abanakho okunye ukufana. Abazona izihlobo zegazi. Ososayensi baqaphele ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi, izimpande zawo zivela emigqeni yasendulo yaseNingizimu Melika, eyayiphila esikhathini sePleistocene (yaphela eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyi-11,8 edlule).
Ividiyo: Impisi enesandla
Njengoba sekushiwo, i-aguarachay ivela emndenini we-canine, ohlanganisa izilwane ezidla ezinye ezinobukhulu obukhulu noma obuphakathi. Ngokuyinhloko, ubude bomzimba kubamele lolu hlobo lufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-170. Uboya obujiyile, umsila omude, uzipho oluncane, izindlebe ezimile, ikhanda elide yizici eziyinhloko zohlobo lwazo. Futhi, zinezinzwani ezi-5 ezinqeni zangaphambili, kodwa ezine kuphela ezinyaweni zangemuva Umbala wejazi ungaba ngemibala ehlukahlukene: obomvu, onamabala, omnyama, omnyama, ompunga, okhanyayo, njalonjalo. Banomqondo othuthuke kahle wokuhogela, ukuzwa, ukubona. Ingagijima ngejubane lama-60 - 70 km / h.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Impisi enamanzi
Ihlukile ezihlotsheni zayo ngoba ibukeka ifana nempungushe. Unemilenze emide futhi ezacile kakhulu. Ubude bomzimba buncane (cishe ama-140 cm), isisindo cishe singama-25 kg. Unamazinyo angama-42, njengazo zonke izimpisi. Umbala wejazi jikelele: obomvu, obomvu-ophuzi. Kukhona izinwele ezinde phakathi nendawo ngemuva nangasemuva kwentamo. Umbala wazo ungaba mnyama noma umnyama. Imilenze engezansi imnyama. Isifonyo yinde futhi sinombala omnyama.
Umsila omude ojiyile uvamise ukuba nombala ophuzi okhanyayo. Ijazi lithambile kunalezo zezinja ezijwayelekile. Izindlebe ziqonde futhi zinkulu, futhi amehlo mancane ngabafundi abayindilinga. Isibalo sale mpisi asilingani kakhulu. Ukubona kwamaphunga ahlukahlukene nokuzwa e-guara kuthuthukiswe kahle kakhulu, kepha umbono ubi kakhulu.
Izici zayo ziyimilenze emide futhi ezacile. Basiza ukuhamba ezindaweni ezinotshani obude kakhulu. Ngokusho kososayensi, imilenze enkambisweni yokuziphendukela kwemvelo yaba mide lapho izilwane zivumelanisa nendawo yazo entsha.
Kepha ijubane lokugijima le-guar alikwazi ukuziqhayisa. Ubuza ukuthi kungani, ngoba unemilenze emide kangako? Isizathu ukuthi umthamo wamaphaphu mncane kakhulu, okuvimba isilwane ukuba sigijime kakhulu. Isikhathi sokuphila segar cishe iminyaka eyi-17, kepha ekuthunjweni, isilwane singafa noma sineminyaka eyi-12. Kodwa-ke, kukhona amacala angaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-15.
Uhlala kuphi impisi enomhlwenga?
Isithombe: Impisi enesilwane
Impisi enomhlwenga itholakala emazweni aseNingizimu Melika, esifundazweni saseMato Gosu, eNyakatho yeParaguay, ezingxenyeni ezisenkabeni nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrazil, nasempumalanga yeBolivia. Kwakuvamile e-Argentina. Impisi enomhlwenga iguqulelwa kakhulu ezimweni zezulu ezipholile. Izimpisi zalolu hlobo azihlali ezintabeni.
Izindawo eziyinhloko lapho isilwane sihlala khona noma sitholakala khona:
- Imiphetho yamahlathi;
- Izindawo ezinotshani obude noma izihlahla;
- IPampas;
- Izindawo ezi-Flat;
- Emaphethelweni amaxhaphozi, aminyene yimifino.
Idla ini impisi enomhlwenga?
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani impisi enamadoda
Ngendlela yokudla ukudla, impisi enomhlwenga ingu-omnivorous. Igama elithi "omnivorous" lisho ukuthi "yidla ukudla okuhlukahlukene." Ngokusuka kulokhu singaphetha ngokuthi izilwane ezinalolu hlobo lokudla zingadla ukudla okungezona izitshalo kuphela, kodwa futhi nemvelaphi yezilwane, ngisho nezidumbu (izinsalela ezifile zezilwane noma izitshalo). Lokhu kunezinzuzo zako, ngoba izilwane ezinjalo akunakwenzeka ukuthi zibulawe yindlala, ngoba zizokwazi ukuzitholela ukudla kunoma iyiphi indawo.
Isisekelo sokudla kwale mpisi ukudla kwemvelaphi yezilwane nezitshalo. Ezimweni ezivamile, lezi yizilwane ezincane ezifana nezicabucabu, iminenke, izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, izimbila, amagundane, izinyoni namaqanda azo, i-armadillos namagundane. Kwesinye isikhathi ingahlasela izilwane ezifuywayo (iwundlu, inkukhu, ingulube). Akukaze kube nokuhlaselwa kubantu. Futhi, uthanda ukuzitika ngezithelo ezahlukahlukene ezihlwabusayo, ubhanana, izimpande noma izilimo eziyizigaxa zezitshalo, ugwava, ukudla kwezitshalo, amaqabunga. Ubhanana izithelo zabo abazithandayo. Bangadla ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-1.5 kabhanana ngosuku olulodwa!
Uma kunomfula eduze, impisi ingabamba izinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene nezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Ayithandi ukwabelana ngokudla. Impisi enomhlwenga ayidli izidumbu, ngokungafani namanye ama-omnivores. Ingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwempisi enomhlwenga yisitshalo esisodwa esivela kuhlobo lwe-nightshade, esisiza ukubhubhisa isibungu esikhulu semithi emathunjini esilwane, esaziwa njenge-pile. Kuyaziwa ukuthi izibungu ezindala zingafinyelela kumamitha ama-2 ubude. Ziyizilwane ezisongela impilo yazo.
Ngaphambi kokubamba inyamazane, impisi iyishayela ekhoneni, noma ishaye izidladla zayo bese iyayihlasela ngokuzumayo. Ezimweni ezivamile, uma ehlala eduze namapulazi, uyeba ukudla. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi imisipha yakhe yomlomo ayithuthukisiwe ngokwanele, ngakho-ke, uvame ukugwinya inyamazane ephelele. Ngokusuka kulokhu singaphetha ngokuthi kungani impisi enomhlwenga ingazingeli inyamazane enkulu.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Aguarachay
Imvelo nendlela yokuphila kwempisi enombala ayikaze ifundwe ngokwanele ngososayensi. Kepha amanye awo angamaqiniso anembile. Ezingqondweni zabantu abaningi, impisi iyisilo esibi kakhulu. Kepha empeleni, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uhlamvu impisi ezinomhlwenga kuyinto ezolile, olinganiselayo, ngokuqapha. Akahlaseli abantu, kodwa ngokuphambene uzama ngazo zonke izindlela ukungabambi iso labo. Emfanekisweni wempisi, izici zobuntu be-fox zilandelwa - ubuqili, inkohliso. Lesi sici sibonakala ikakhulukazi lapho impisi entshontsha abalimi ipulazi labo.
Futhi esinye isici esibaluleke kakhulu ukwethembeka. Impisi ihlala nowesifazane oyedwa kuphela kukho konke ukuphila kwayo. Futhi, bayathanda ukuzimela. Lokhu kufakazela iqiniso lokuthi awekho emaphaketheni, ngoba intando ingeyabo kuqala kunakho konke. Lapho isilwane sithukuthele noma sinolaka, umhlwenga osentanyeni uyama. Inikeza isilwane inkulumo esabekayo.
Indlela yokuphila yezimpisi ezinamadoda iyathakazelisa impela - emini zilala, ziphumule, zishiswe yilanga, ziyadlala, kuthi kusihlwa noma ebusuku ziye kozingela. Bahlala bodwa, abekho emaphaketheni. Umsebenzi wabesilisa uphakeme kakhulu kunowabesifazane.
Abesifazane nabesilisa bazingela noma baphumule ngokuhlukana komunye nomunye. Ngesikhathi sokukhwela kuphela lapho bachitha isikhathi esiningi ndawonye. Izimpisi ezinamadoda zivame ukuxhumana zisebenzisa imisindo ethile.
Nazi ezimbalwa zazo:
- Ukukhonkotha komphimbo omkhulu - kukhombisa ukushona kwelanga;
- Ukukhala okukhulu okude - ukuxhumana nomunye emabangeni amade;
- Ukukhononda okuncane - ukwethusa izitha;
- Ukuthimula - isexwayiso sengozi;
- Ukukhala okukodwa - thintana ngamabanga amafushane.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Izimpisi ezinamadoda
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izimpisi ezinamadoda zihlala nowesifazane oyedwa kuphela kukho konke ukuphila kwazo, ngokungafani nezinye izilwane. Lo mbhangqwana uhlala endaweni engamamitha-skwele angama-30 ngokwawo, ongeke usondele kwabanye. Ukumaka indawo yabo, bayimaka ngomchamo wabo noma izingcezu ezincane zendle ezindaweni ezithile. Futhi ngasikhathi sinye, izimpisi kuphela eziqonda iphunga elinjalo. Umuntu akasoze akwazi ukukuqonda lokhu empilweni yakhe.
Ngonyaka owodwa, izimpisi ezinamadoda zifinyelela ngokuphelele ekuvuthweni ngokocansi, kepha eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu zibhekwa njengezikulungele ngokuphelele ukudala umndeni wazo. Isikhathi semidlalo yokukhwelana, ukuzala kuwela phakathi ekwindla, ekuqaleni kobusika. Ukushisa kwabesifazane kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaJuni, kanti ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga ezimbili (izinsuku ezingama-63). Ezimweni eziningi, kuzalwa imidlwane emibili kuya kweyisithupha (njengoba kubizwa izimpisi ezisanda kuzalwa).
Amawundlu asanda kuzalwa azalwa emancane kakhulu, anesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-200 - 400 amagremu. Umzimba wazo umnyama bumnyama noma mpunga ngombala nomsila omncane okhanyayo. Ezinsukwini eziyisishiyagalolunye zokuqala, ababoni lutho. Ngemuva kwenyanga, izindlebe zabo sezakheke ngokuphelele, umbala womzimba onsundu uvela kanye nejazi loboya elixegayo, futhi kusikwa amazinyo. Kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu ubudala, umama wondla izingane zakhe ngobisi, nokudla okuthambile, okuqala ukukuhlafuna bese uyakukhafula.
Bobabili impisi nempisi ziyabandakanyeka ekukhuliseni izingane zabo. Indoda isiza ngenkuthalo umama ekukhuliseni nasekunakekeleni umndeni. Uthola ukudla, wesabisa izitha ezinganeni, azifundise imithetho yemvelo futhi adlale nazo emidlalweni ehlukahlukene.
Izitha zemvelo zempisi enomhlwenga
Isithombe: Guara
Ososayensi abakwazanga ukubona izitha zangempela zempisi enesimo esimweni sangempela. Cishe azinjalo, ngoba zinobungani futhi zizama ukungabonwa yizilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye. Kepha baqinisekile ngokungangabazeki ukuthi umuntu nemisebenzi yakhe emibi yisitha sakhe esikhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu abadingi uboya noma inyama yalesi silwane, izizathu zijulile. Nazi ezinye zazo:
- Abalimi babulala impisi ngoba nje yeba izilwane abazifuyile;
- Abanye abantu base-Afrika basebenzisa isikhumba namehlo ayo njengentelezi yamakhambi;
- Ukuzingela ngokungemthetho
- Ukungabi nokudla, ukukhathala, ukugula;
- Abantu bagawula izihlahla, bangcolisa amanzi nomoya, bathathe izindawo zabo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Impisi enamakhanda evela kwiRed Book
Inani labantu lempisi enamadoda selibe phansi kakhulu kunakuqala eminyakeni yamuva. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, abasekho abantu abadala abangaphansi kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi emhlabeni wonke. Futhi eBrazil kunabalinganiselwa kwabangu-2 000 kuphela.Isikhundla sempisi enombala sifakiwe kwi-International Red Book "njengesihlobo esisengozini." Ngisho emakhulwini amabili eminyaka edlule, kwakuyizinhlobo zempisi ezidumile ezindaweni zase-Uruguay.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izimpisi ezinamadoda zisengozini yezifo ezinjengesifo nezinye, ezingekho zimbi kangako. Yibo futhi abasongela ngokulinganayo impilo yalezi zilwane.
Ukuqapha Impisi Enomhlwenga
Isithombe: Guara Wolf
IBrazil neArgentina bethule imithetho evimbela ukuzingelwa kwempisi enomhlwenga. Yize abantu abaningi beqhubeka nokonakalisa impilo yakhe. Ngo-1978, ososayensi baqala ukuhlanganyela ocwaningweni ukuqonda ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuvimbela ukunyamalala okungazelelwe kwalesi silwane.
Futhi, amaqembu ezenhlalo alwela impilo yezilwane asiza izilwane ngazo zonke izindlela: ukudla, ukwelapha. Impisi enombala ibonakala ema-zoo futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nasemakhaya abantu. Ngokumangazayo, zingakwazi ukuthanjiswa. Lapha kuphephe kakhulu kuye, kepha noma kunjalo, noma yisiphi isilwane sizoba ngcono endle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpisi zithanda ukuzimela. Kungakuhle kakhulu ukuthola impilo izimpisi ezinamadoda yayingasekho ngaphansi usongo.
Ngifingqa, ngifuna ukugcizelela ukuthi kufanele sinakekele umhlaba wasendle wemvelo yethu. Izilwane eziningi zinyamalala ngokunembile ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu eyingozi. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, bacekela phansi izindawo zabo zokuhlala, babulale, bangcolisa amanzi. Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukuhlonipha kakhulu abafowethu abancane futhi singagxambukeli ezimpilweni zabo, uma kungenjalo umhlaba wonke uzofa. Kufanele sihlale sikhumbula ukuthi endalweni yonke into ixhunyiwe, hhayi kuphela impisi enomhlwenga, kodwa ngisho netshe ngalinye linencazelo yalo.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 21.01.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 17.09.2019 ngo-16: 28
