Iningi lithola igundane ngengozi. Bahamba bayothenga i-hamster yase-Dzungarian enhle, futhi baletha ekhaya i-hamster yaseCampbell elumayo.
Incazelo kaCampbell hamster
Ziyafana kangangoba ngesinye isikhathi uPhodopus campbelli (i-hamster kaCampbell) waqashelwa njenge-subspecies I-hamster yase-Dzungarian... Manje zombili izinduku zimelela izinhlobo ezi-2 ezizimele, kepha uhlobo olulodwa yi-Upland hamsters. Lesi silwane sinegama laso elikhulunywa yiNgisi uCW Campbell, okwathi ngo-1904 waba ngowokuqala ukuletha i-hamster eYurophu.
Ukubukeka
Lena igundane elincane elinomsila omfushane, elingaqabuki likhule lifike ku-10 cm (elinesisindo esingu-25-50 g) - iningi labantu alidluli ubude obungu-7 cm.Ngale kwalokho, i-hamster kaCampbell ibukeka njengegundane elijwayelekile - umzimba ominyene, ikhanda eliyindilinga elinezindlebe ezihlanzekile, elinobuqili (unciphise ubheke ekhaleni) isifonyo kanye namehlo amnyama anobuhlalu.
Ama-hamster kaCampbell (njengama-dzungariks) anamasaka akhethekile we-glandular emakhoneni emilomo yawo, lapho kwenziwa khona imfihlo enephunga elibi. Imilenze yangaphambili iphela ngezinzwane ezine kanti eyangemuva inezinhlanu.
Umehluko ovela ku-hamster wase-Dzungarian:
- akukho ndawo emnyama emqhele;
- izindlebe zincane ngosayizi;
- ukuntuleka kwezinwele "ematheni";
- amehlo abomvu avunyelwe;
- ijazi elixakile (elivelayo);
- awupheli / awushintshi umbala wasebusika;
- isisekelo soboya esiswini asimhlophe (njengaleso se-dzungarian), kepha siyimpunga;
- ngenhla kufana nenombolo eyisishiyagalombili, kuyilapho i-dzungarik iyiqanda.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ku-dzhungarik, umucu omenyezelwe ugijima ngemuva, owenabela ngasekhanda, wakhe i-rhombus. Ku-hamster kaCampbell, ifulethi ngokulinganayo kulo lonke ubude, ayishayi, futhi imvamisa ayihlukaniseki.
Umbala odume kakhulu we-hamster kaCampbell yi-agouti, ngenhla enesihlabathi empunga, isisu esimhlophe / esinobisi nolayini omnyama ngemuva. Umbala wakho uqobo uthatha i-monochrome: imvamisa umbala onesihlabathi phezulu (ngaphandle kwemivimbo), isilevu esikhanyayo nesisu. Uma ufisa, ungathola abamnyama, i-satin, i-tortoiseshell, isiliva kanye namhlophe (albino) ama-hamster eCampbell.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ngokwemvelo, amagundane ahlala ngababili noma ngamaqembu amancane (anomholi), abuka ngokucophelela indawo. Ama-hamster kaCampbell abonakala ngokuphila kwasebusuku: baba nomsebenzi onamandla kangangokuba bafudumeza umzimba ngama-degree angama-40. Balala eduze nokuntwela kokusa - ngesikhathi sokuphumula, izinga lokushisa komzimba liba uhhafu, liye kuma- +20 degrees. Ngokusho kwezazi zebhayoloji, le ndlela yokuphila isiza ukusebenzisa kahle amandla.
Ekuthunjweni, ama-hamster kaCampbell awavamile ukuzwana nezihlobo, ekhombisa ukungabekezelelani okukhulu nolaka, okhuphuka kube yizimpi.... Kubuye kungabi nobungane nabantu, yingakho ibhekwa njenge-hamsters emikhulu kunazo zonke. Igundane cishe alithambisi, alithandi ukuhlala ezandleni zalo nakumahlazo lapho lizama ukulungisa izinto endlini yalo.
Ukunganeliseki kuthululelwa ekulungeni okubonakalayo, izimbangela zazo yilezi:
- ukwesaba ngenxa yokukhala okukhulu / ukunyakaza okungazelelwe komnikazi;
- iphunga lokudla elivela ezandleni;
- ukungabi namatshe amaminerali esitokisini;
- ukubamba okungalungile kwesilwane (kuthathwa kusuka phansi / ohlangothini, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu).
Okubalulekile! Uma ufuna ngempela ukuthi i-hamster ihlale ezandleni zakho, beka intende yesandla sakho eduze kwakhe - uzogibela lapho yedwa.
Ama-hamsters aseCampbell ahlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Ummeleli ojwayelekile walezi zinhlobo uhlala, kokubili emvelweni nasekuthunjweni, kungabi ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-1-2. Ama-livers amade, ngokunakekelwa okufanele nempilo enhle kakhulu, angaphila kuze kube yiminyaka emi-3, kepha lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
Indlela elula yokuthola ubulili be-Campbell hamster ubukhona / ukungabikho kwama-testes. Ukuvuvukala okumise okwe-alimondi ku-perineum kuvela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-35-40, kuyanda njengoba igundane likhula. Ubunzima buvame ukuvela ngezilwane ezisencane lapho izitho zokuzala zingabonakali khona, kanye nalabo labo amasende abo angehli esikhaleni (i-cryptorchidism).
Umehluko obonakalayo wobulili:
- owesifazane unemigqa emi-2 yezingono ("izinduna" kubantu abangakavuthwa), kanti kwabesilisa - esiswini, kugcwele uboya ngokuphelele;
- abesilisa bane-plaque ephuzi (indlala) esizeni senkaba, kuyilapho abesifazane bengenayo.
Kumagundane anamasonto ama-3-4 ubudala, indawo ye-urethra ne-anus iyabukwa. Owesilisa, bobabili "abaphumayo" bahlukaniswa yindawo lapho kukhula khona izinwele, kanti kowesifazane, ingquza icishe ibhekane nesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Uma uthola umgodi owodwa, kukhona owesifazane phambi kwakho.
Indawo yokuhlala
Endle, i-hamster kaCampbell ihlala eChina, eMongolia, eRussia (eTuva, eTransbaikalia, eBuryatia) naseKazakhstan. Kuhlalwa izingwadule, izingwadule kanye namathafa.
Izinduku zimba izimbobo ekujuleni kwemitha eli-1, zibahlomisa ngendlu yokwakha izidleke, amasango ama-4-6 negumbi lokugcina imbewu. Kwesinye isikhathi iyavilapha futhi ihlala emigodini yama-gerbil amancane.
Ukugcinwa kwe-hamster kaCampbell
Lawa ma-hamsters anemilenze enezinwele anezinzuzo eziningana, ngenxa yokuthi akhethelwa ukugcinwa kwekhaya:
- ukubukeka okukhangayo;
- usayizi ohlangene (asikho isidingo sehhoko elikhulu, izindleko zokudla ezimbalwa);
- akukho phunga elingathandeki ngisho nangokunakekelwa okungajwayelekile;
- kudinga ukunakwa okuncane, okulungele abantu abasebenzayo.
Kodwa i-hamster kaCampbell nayo inezimfanelo ezingezinhle, ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwenhlanzi luthathwa njengolungathambile ngokwanele futhi kunconyelwa ukubonwa ohlangothini.
Okubi:
- ayifanele okuqukethwe iqembu;
- ayifanele imindeni enezingane ezincane (ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12);
- ngenxa yempilo yasebusuku iphazamisa ukulala kwabanye;
- aluboni ushintsho lwendawo.
Okubalulekile! Uma wenza ikesi lezilwane eziningana, ungazishiyi zinganakiwe isikhathi eside. IHamsters Campbells iyakwazi ukulwa kuze kube segazini nasekufeni komunye wabaphikisi.
Ukugcwaliswa kwezinyosi
Kumuntu oyedwa, i-aquarium / ikheji lingalingana no-0.4 * 0.6 m... Ihhoko kufanele libe nezinduku ezivundlile ngezikhathi ezifika ku-0.5 cm ukuze igundane lingaphumi. Ikheji ibekwa endaweni ekhanyayo, kodwa engabhaliwe, kude nelanga, izinto zokufudumeza kanye negumbi lokulala ukuze ungezwa umsindo wasebusuku. Musa ukubeka izinto eduze kwesibaya i-hamster engadonsela ngaphakathi ihlafune. Qiniseka ukuthi ikati aliyidli igundane. Faka i-filler ezansi, njenge-sawdust.
Izitsha nezesekeli okumele zibekwe ekhaya:
- i-feeder - i-ceramic engcono, ukuze i-hamster ingayiphenduli;
- isiphuzo - okungcono okuzenzakalelayo (akukwazi ukuguqulwa);
- isondo elinendawo engaphezulu kwe-monolithic ukuze ungalimazi izidladla - ukuvimbela i-hypodynamia nokukhuluphala;
- indlu yepulasitiki - lapha igundane lifihla izimpahla futhi lakha isidleke ngotshani obuthambile (amaphephandaba nezidwedwe akufakiwe: eyokuqala yayiqukethe inki yokuphrinta, eyokugcina icasula ukulimala kwezitho).
Ngezikhathi ezithile, isilwane sivunyelwe ukuphuma lapho sihamba ngaphansi kweso. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi i-hamster ehlala eqenjini, ngemuva kokuhamba, ingahlaselwa ngabahlobo bayo, abethusa iphunga layo elisha.
Ukudla, uhlobo lokondla
I-rodent ayikakulungeli ukubulawa yindlala ngenxa yesisindo sayo esisheshayo futhi ibamba cishe isisindo sayo esingama-70% ngosuku. Isisekelo sokudla kungamabele. Ungathenga amamiksi okusanhlamvu enziwe ngomumo noma uwenze ekhaya, uhlanganisa ama-oats, ummbila, uphizi, ukolweni, imbewu (ithanga / ujongilanga) namantongomane ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo.
Imenyu ifaka phakathi:
- imifino, ngaphandle kweklabishi, u-anyanisi, ugarlic notamatisi;
- izithelo ezomisiwe nezithelo, ngaphandle kwezithelo ezisawolintshi;
- i-clover, i-dill, i-parsley ne-Olivier salad;
- cottage shizi, iyogathi, ubisi noshizi;
- iphalishi (semolina, oatmeal, ukolweni);
- isibindi, inkukhu nenyama yenkomo;
- amahlumela we-apula, i-cherry ne-birch.
Iningi labanikazi abawajwayeli amagundane esimisweni sokudla esiqinile (1-2 k. Usuku), okubavumela ukuthi bakwazi ukufinyelela ukudla ubusuku nemini. Kudingeka kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile ukususa izingcezu ezibolile i-hamster ezifihla emakhoneni ahlukene wezinyoni.
Izifo zokuzala
Ama-hamster kaCampbell awahlupheki kangako ekuzalweni njengezifo ezitholakele, ezivame kakhulu kuzo yilezi:
- i-conjunctivitis - imvamisa ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka okuvela hay, uthuli lwamapulangwe nezinye izingcezu zangaphandle;
- i-glaucoma - iso (ngenxa yomfutho wamehlo aphezulu) liyakhula futhi liqhume, ijwabu leso likhula ndawonye. Lesi sifo aselashwa;
- i-leitis eyandayo, isifo esithathelwanayo esibi, esaziwa nangokuthi umsila omanzi;
- isifo sohudo - senzeka ngenxa yamaphutha okudla, ukutheleleka nangemva kwama-antibiotics;
- i-serous Armstrong meningitis ebucayi - ukutheleleka okutheleleka okuthelelekayo okutheleleka okuthinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko nobuchopho;
- ama-neoplasms - ngokuvamile abonwa ezilwaneni ezindala;
- i-eczema - ivela kaningi kumagundane asebekhulile noma abuthakathaka;
- ukulahleka kwezinwele - imvamisa kubangelwa izibungu noma ukutheleleka kwefungal;
- isifo sikashukela yisifo esizuzwe njengefa (ngokunyuka ukoma nokwanda kokuchama)
- isifo se-polycystic yisifo sokuzalwa, esingelashwa.
I-physiology yamagundane yehlukile kwe-physiology yamakati nezinja, ngakho-ke udokotela okhethekile - udokotela wezilwane - uzophatha ama-hamster kaCampbell.
Ukunakekelwa, inhlanzeko
Itreyi lendlu yangasese elinamagundane lingakhethwa, kepha ukugeza kwesihlabathi (ingilazi, ipulasitiki noma i-ceramic) kubalulekile. Isihlabathi asikwazi ukuqoqwa egcekeni - kunconywa ukuthenga isihlabathi sama-chinchillas.
Okubalulekile! Ama-hamster kaCampbell awadingi ukwelashwa kwamanzi. Ukubhukuda emanzini kungaholela emikhuhlaneni nasekufeni. Baqeda ama-parasites kanye nokungcola ngosizo lwesihlabathi.
Ihhoko lihlanzwa kanye ngesonto. Ukuze ungaphazamisi isilwane sakho, faka udoti "omdala" ngephunga elijwayelekile le-hamster yakho ehokweni elihlanzekile. Uma i-cage idinga ukuhlanzwa okujwayelekile, yigeze nge-baking soda (awekho amakhemikhali asendlini). Lokhu kuhlanzwa okukhulu kungenziwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Ingakanani i-hamster kaCampbell
Iminyaka efanelekile yokuthi igundane lithengwe iphakathi kwamaviki amathathu nezinyanga ezintathu. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, naka ijazi lakhe, amehlo, ikhala kanye nendunu (konke kufanele kome futhi kuhlanzeke). Ukuze ungathengi i-dzungarika, hlunga umehluko wangaphandle, futhi ngemuva kokuthenga, bonisa isilwane kudokotela wezilwane. I-hamster kaCampbell ithengiswa ngama-ruble ayi-100-300.
Ukubuyekezwa kukaHamster
# ukubuyekeza 1
Ngonyaka nohhafu owedlule, ngathenga i-jungarik, okwaphenduka kwaba yi-hamster kaCampbell. Endleleni eya ekhaya, waphonsa ikhonsathi (ekhala futhi egxuma), futhi ngacabanga ukuthi uyahlanya. Ekhaya, wamemeza, wagijima noma wawa ngomhlane, enza sengathi ufile. Futhi kuphela isonto kamuva kwase kuthule. Manje ucishe waba mnene, kepha ungibona kuphela (waluma izikhathi eziyi-12 ngonyaka nohhafu). Kukhasa kuyo yonke indawo ngaphansi kokuqondiswa, kulalwa ngohlangothi noma emuva, ukubeka eceleni isisi. Wayengamboni umyeni wami, ngoba wayejwayele iphunga lami kuphela.
# ukubuyekeza 2
Nginama-hamster amathathu eCampbell futhi ngamunye uhlala ekhejini lakhe. AmaHamsters anomchamo onukayo, ngakho-ke ngiwaqeqeshele ukusebenzisa amathreyi anesihlabathi. Badla ukudla okulungiselelwe, futhi bayazithanda izaqathe, kepha abayinaki imifino. Unikeze ama-strawberry ehlobo. Ziyahlanya ngokudla kwamaprotheni - i-cottage shizi, inkukhu ebilisiwe neqanda elimhlophe. Ngibanika i-gammarus eyomile, i-oatmeal ne-buckwheat. Ngenjabulo bakhasa begudla isitebhisi / imigudu bese begijima esondweni.
