Isilwane esihle esinomsila obushelelezi onjenge-squirrel sithathe into enhle yokuhlanza izihlahlana, ama-glades nemiphetho. Enye yamagundane amadala kakhulu emhlabeni yindawo yokulala yamahlathi.
Incazelo ye-dormouse yehlathi
I-dormouse yehlathi elincane elinezihlahla eziningi lifana kakhulu namagundane nezingwejeje, futhi ngasikhathi sinye... Izici zokubukeka, okungukuthi umbala, usayizi nokuziphatha kuncike endaweni yokuhlala ngqo. Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, umbala woboya be-dormouse yehlathi ungaba mnyama noma ube lula, umehluko phakathi kwemithunzi ungakhonjiswa ngezindlela ezihlukile.
Ukubukeka
I-Sonya yizilwane ezincane ezinomzimba ohlangene kancane. Ubude bomzimba bungu-60 kuya ku-120 mm. Umsila oyisicaba, ngokwehlukana, ungaba nobude obufanayo, kuwo ijazi lide. Umsila akuyona nje umhlobiso, kodwa ithuluzi elibalulekile le-vestibular. Kuyasiza ukulinganisela emagatsheni, kudlala indima yohlobo lwesondo lokushayela. Futhi, le ngxenye yomzimba ingakhombisa imizwa yegundane. Uma izinwele ezinde ezisemsileni zilele kahle, isilwane sizizwa siphephile. Izinwele eziqubukayo kule ndawo zikhombisa isimo sengqondo sokungabi nabungani. Ngokulindela ubungozi, i-dormouse iphakamisa izinwele ukuze ibonakale inkulu kumphikisi wayo. Amakati enza cishe okufanayo.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ikhanda elide elincanyana liphela ngomlomo ocijile, amehlo egundane agqama ngokuqhathaniswa nesizinda jikelele, amnyama, ayindilinga futhi acwebezela. Ekhanda lesilwane kunezindlebe ezivelele eziyindilinga, zikhulu impela.
Ebusweni uqobo, njengezinhlobo eziningi zamagundane, ama-vibrissae atholakala. Lawa "amathuluzi" angeziwe wokuqondisa esikhaleni sesilwane. Babamba ukudlidliza komoya okuncane kakhulu, okuholela ekutheni bakwazi ukuziqondisa esikhaleni ezimweni zobumnyama obulinganiselwe. Ubude be-vibrissae maqondana nosayizi womzimba we-dormouse yehlathi bungu-20 kuye ku-40%. Izimpondo, ngayinye ngayinye, zingenza ukunyakaza, ngenxa yokuncipha kwemisipha engaphansi kobuso. Isitho esinjalo sokuthinta sisiza ukuhamba kangcono emhlabeni uzungeze igundane.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi imilenze yangemuva ye-dormouse ineminwe emi-5 lilinye, kanti eyangaphambili inezingu-4. Imilenze mincane futhi imifushane. Ijazi le-rodent lifushane, linobude obufanayo emzimbeni wonke, ngaphandle komsila, othambile futhi osilika ukuthinta... Njengomthetho, ipendwe ngemibala e-grey-yellow esifubeni. Ijazi linombala ofanayo esifubeni nomphimbo. Ngemuva kwendlu yokulala ehlathini kubomvu ngokubomvu. Ebusweni, le mibala emibili ihlukaniswe ngomugqa ohlukile wombala omnyama onsundu onsundu.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Amahlathi anqabile namahlathi kubhekwa njengezindawo zokuhlala eziyintandokazi ze-dormouse yehlathi. Ungumuntu othanda amahlathi aneziqu eziminyene, izindawo zezihlahla eziyize. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ungahlangana naye engadini noma epaki. Lesi silwane esihlekisayo sisabalele kulayini ophakathi nendawo nasentshonalanga yengxenye yaseYurophu yeRussian Federation. Ukuhlala, i-dormouse ikhetha izindawo zokukhosela zemvelo. Lezi kungaba yimigodi yemithi, izidleke ezindala ezilahliwe zazo zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni. Isibonelo, amashumi amane. Uma ingekho indawo efanelekile engenamuntu, indlu yokulala ngeke ibe namahloni ngokuba khona "kwabanikazi" esidlekeni. Angazinza emgodini noma endlini yezinyoni, axoshe abanikazi bezimpaphe lapho nge-bang.
Le igundane lingenza indawo yokuhlala lodwa. Esikhathini esiningi, isigaxa sezihlahla nezinye izitshalo "imfucumfucu" encane isetshenziswa njengempahla. Lokhu utshani, uketshezi, amaqabunga omile; isongo esenziwe ngamagatsha aguquguqukayo sisetshenziswa njengohlaka. Ukwakhiwa kwendlu eyodwa yokuhlala kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-2-4. USonya uyakwazi ukwakha izindlu zabo ezihlahleni ezinameva. Ngakho-ke, alenza liphephe kakhudlwana, livimbela izilwane ezidla ezinye ukuba zisondele. I-dormouse yamahlathi iyigundane kwezomnotho; basebenzisa isikhathi esiningi sokwakha ukuhlela ingaphakathi lendlu. USonya uyigcwalisa ngotshani obuluhlaza, uboya, utshani obomile, obukwenza kungagcini nje ngokufudumala nokunethezeka, kepha futhi kufihla buso ngokuphelele inzalo ekhulele kuyo kusuka ekubukeni kwamehlo.
Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ubona isidleke esingahlanzekile esingadluli ngaphandle kombhede, lokhu kuyindawo yokuhlala iziqu noma ukuhlala isikhashana ebusuku. Endlini enjalo, isilwane ngeke sihlale isikhathi eside, singasebenza njengendawo yokuchayeka ngokweqile, lapho-ke indlu yokulala izokwakha isidleke esisha. Ensimini yokuhlala yomuntu oyedwa, ungathola izindawo zokuhlala ezinje kwezi-8. Igundane lingashintsha amafulethi, noma livinjelwe, ukuze lihambisane nezindinganiso zenhlanzeko. Akukho ukuhamba okuhlukile esakhiweni. I-dormouse ingena futhi iphume kunoma iyiphi igebe elifanele phakathi kwamahlumela. Lesi sakhiwo senza nokuba isisulu esinzima sabadli bezilwane.
Kuyathakazelisa!Izinhloko zokulala emahlathini nazo ziyaqaphela ngokuhlanzeka kwemizimba yazo. Bangachitha amahora amaningi bexhuma yonke imicu yomsila wabo, bababeke ngomunwe ngokucophelela.
Amafulethi asebusika akhiwa ajulile ngaphansi komhlaba ngezinqwaba zamabhulashi noma amaxhaphozi ezimpande zesihlahla. Eduze komhlaba, umhlaba umisa kakhulu, unganiki thuba lokusinda, ngakho-ke bahlala lapho kuqala khona isimo sezulu esibandayo ebangeni elingu-30 cm ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi.
Indlu yokulala ehlathini iyisilwane esikhuphukayo. Uhamba kahle emagatsheni ezihlahla nezihlahlana, ngenkathi ekhombisa ukusebenza imini nobusuku. Emini, ngisho nezinhlobo eziningi zichitha ephusheni. Izinzipho ezicijile kanye nama- "callus" akhethekile amvumela ukuthi abambelele kalula emagatsheni ngaphandle kokuwa phansi. Futhi i-vibrissae isiza ukuhamba kahle emahlathini aminyene.
Imikhuhlane yabeka isilwane emanyaleni. Kulesi sifundazwe, indlu yokulala ehlathini ichitha ubusika bonke izinsuku ezibandayo zonyaka. I-torpor enjalo yehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba wegundane, yehlisa ijubane lezinqubo ze-metabolic, ivumela ukusetshenziswa komnotho kwezinsizakusebenza ezibalulekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, amanye ama-sleepyheads agcina ukudla, akudla ngenjabulo lapho evuka ngezikhathi zokuncibilika. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwehla okuphindaphindiwe kwezinga lokushisa, izinhloko zokulala zingalala, seziziqabulile, ziqhubeke nokulala. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo zisebenzisa kuphela izinqolobane zamafutha zemizimba yazo, eziqoqwe ngezikhathi ezifudumele.
Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani indawo yokuhlala ehlathini
Endle, i-dormouse yehlathi ihlala kusuka eminyakeni emibili kuya kwengu-6. Lesi silwane singalawulwa uma sibanjwe sisebancane. Ngesikhathi sokudoba, akufanele uwathathe ngezandla zakho, ama-sleepyheads awakuthandi lokhu.
Indawo yokuhlala
I-dormouse yamahlathi ijwayelekile endaweni yehlathi kusuka e-Asia Ephakathi kuya eKazakhstan nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Bahlala engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-Afrika, eChina naseJapan. Umndeni wama-sleepyheads unemikhakha efinyelela ku-9. Isibalo sezinhlobo zazo singama-28. Sitholakala nase-Asia Minor nase-Altai.
Ukudla kwamahlathi ehlathi
Izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene zingaba khona ekudleni kwendlu yokulala ehlathini... Kodwa-ke, izilwane zikhetha ukudla kwezitshalo njengokudla ezikuthandayo. Bayakujabulela ukudla imbewu yezitshalo, izithelo ezitholakala endleleni, futhi abanqikazi nembewu yamajikijolo. Uma endleleni yehlathi ulala esidlekeni sezinyoni uhlangana namachwane amancane noma amaqanda abekiwe, uzozijabulela ngenjabulo.
Kuyathakazelisa!Yona kanye inqubo yokumunca ukudla kwezilwane idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile nothando. Njengamagundane amaningi, athatha ukudla ngezidladla zawo ezincane bese ekuletha emlonyeni. Kuhle ukubona ngobuhlakani lezi zingane ziqondisa iminwe yazo emincane ngezimbewu namajikijolo.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Masinyane ngemuva kokuvuka ebusika, izilwane ziyahamba ziyofuna umlingani womndeni. Abesilisa, abaqhutshwa umuzwa wemvelo, bavuka ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Zisebenza kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi, zihamba ngokungapheli emagatsheni, zimaka konke okusendleleni yazo. Abesifazane bavuka ngemuva kwesikhashana. Baqala ukwenza imisindo ekhethekile yokuheha, bese befuna amamaki abesilisa ukuze bashiye okwabo endaweni yabo.
Kuzothakazelisa futhi:
- IHazel dormouse noma i-musket
- Indawo yokulala engadini
- UJerboas
Ukukhulelwa kowesifazane kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-28. Ngalesi sikhathi, bakhombisa zonke izimpawu zomama ojwayelekile olinde ukungezwa. Abesifazane bayalungisa futhi bahlanze isidleke sabo, bayasithuthukisa, balahle futhi babuyisele izingxenye ezilimele. Ngosuku olungaphambi kokuba izingane zizalwe, baxosha abesilisa asebenze umsebenzi wabo. Imibhangqwana yama-sleepyheads yakha okwesikhashana, ayikho inkulumo "yothando" olude noluthembekile.
Ngokuvamile ingane eyodwa ngonyaka. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ezindaweni ezifudumele, kungaba khona abangu-2. Kuze kuzalwe izingane ezifika kwezingu-8 kudoti owodwa. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, omama bahlala bekama futhi bekhotha izingane zabo ezinqunu, ezibomvana nezingenakuzisiza ngokuphelele. Kuphela ngosuku lwe-16 lokuphila, ukuphuma kokuqala kuvela emzimbeni wabo, namehlo abo avulekile.
Insikazi ishiya isidleke iyodla kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi izingane ziyawa ekhaya, kepha omama bazikhomba ngokusobala kwabo bese bebahudulela endlini kayise.
Lapho zinezinyanga eziyisithupha nesigamu, izingane zingaphila ngokuzimela, kepha eziningi azisishiyi isidleke. Uma kunokudla okwanele, i-dormouse ingahlala ngamaqembu.
Izitha zemvelo
Isitha esikhulu se-dormouse yehlathi yisikhova esimpunga... Isikhova esinamaphiko afinyelela kumitha elilodwa. Inosayizi ophakathi nendawo, enesisindo esingeqile kuma-gramu angama-600. Le nyoni ihlala ezindaweni ezifanayo ne-dormouse yehlathi, isebenza kuphela ngemuva kokushona kwelanga.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Indawo yokulala yamahlathi ibhalwe ngokusemthethweni kwiRed Book yezinye izifunda zeRussian Federation. Lezi yizifunda zaseKursk, i-Orel, iTambov neLipetsk. Emhlabeni jikelele, lolu hlobo luvikelwe yi-Vienna Convention. Kubhalwe futhi kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN.
