Ukukhipha isisu ngomlomo noma ngamakhala kuvamile emakati. Ngosizo lwale nqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yomzimba, isilwane siyakhululwa ezintweni eziyingozi empilweni noma ezintweni zangaphandle ezingene endaweni yokugaya ukudla. Ngokuya ngezimbangela zokuhlanza, kungaba kokubili ukubonakaliswa okuvamile kokusebenza okujwayelekile kohlelo lokugaya ukudla, kanye nophawu olwethusayo lokuthuthukisa izimo zokugula.
Izimbangela zokuhlanza emakati
Ngokucasuka komshini kolwelwesi lwamafinyila noma lwepharynx, ukuhlanza kunomsuka we-reflex... Ukuhlanza imvelaphi ethusayo, noma emaphakathi kuvela lapho ubuthi bungena ekusakazweni kwegazi ezifweni ezithile, ukuhlasela kwe-helminthic, ngenxa yoshevu, kuthinta isikhungo sokuhlanza esise-medulla oblongata.
Okubuye kubangele ukunyakaza kwama-antiperistaltic esophagus. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanza kuthuthukisa ukuqedwa kwemizimba yangaphandle, ukudla okweqile, izinto ezinobuthi ezivela emkhakheni wokugaya ukudla futhi kuyindlela yokuzivikela yomzimba.
Ukuzila ukudla noma ukudla ngokweqile
Ukuhlanza okondlayo okungenabungozi kakhulu okuhambisana nokudla okungafanele kwekati futhi akusona isibonakaliso sezifo ezimbi. Ukuhlanza okulambile kwenzeka emakati athola ukudla kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Imvamisa enjalo yokudla ayifanele izilwane ezidla ezinye, ezinqunyelwe ngokwemvelo ukuthi zidle kancane, kepha imvamisa azikutholi ukulamba isikhathi eside.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ukuhlanza ngesikhathi sokungondleki kuyindlala, okubandakanya ikakhulukazi uketshezi lwesisu nolwegwebu. Isifiso siyaphela cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba ikati likwazi ukudla.
Ukuhlanza kwenzeka futhi ngenxa yokudla ngokweqile, lapho isilwane sifuna ukususa inqwaba yokudla ecindezela i-diaphragm. Kulokhu, ukuhlanza kuqukethe izingcezu ezinkulu zokudla ezingagaywanga. Le nkinga ingaxazululwa kalula: umnikazi kufanele anciphise imvamisa yokondla isilwane kanye / noma inani lokuphakelayo engxenyeni eyodwa.
Ukuhlanza ngoboya
"Isoseji" elingenakuphikiswa loboya obususiwe nezinsalela zokuqukethwe yisisu, enqatshelwe ngokuvala umlomo, kuthathwa njengesenzo somzimba esijwayelekile uma sizibonakalisa ngezikhathi ezithile. Amakati aziwa kahle acocekile, azinakekelayo, agwinya izinwele ezifile, bese ezinhlanhlatha zibe yisigaxa, acasule i-mucosa yesisu. Ngakho-ke, izilwane ngokuzimela zisusa le "ballast", ezibangela ukuthi zihlanze.
Isifiso esingaphumelelanga sokuhlanza sikhomba ukuthi i-bezoar - ibhola loboya - likhulu kangangokuba ikati alikwazi ukulihlanza lodwa. Lesi simo singabonakala kaningi ngesikhathi se-molting, ikakhulukazi kubamele bezinwele ezinde. Ukusiza isilwane, udinga ukusinika uwoyela we-vaselina noma i-zoo ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukususa uboya emgudwini wokugaya ukudla. Ngokuzayo, kufanele uhlanze isilwane ngokucophelela, uhlanganise ijazi laso loboya.
Ukuhlanza kaningi izinwele kubonakala kulezi zimo ezilandelayo.
- Ukwanda kwenani loboya okugwinyiwe lapho ikati likhotha ngokwengeziwe, lihlangabezana nesikhumba esilumayo esine-dermatitis, kufaka phakathi lokho okubangelwa ukutheleleka ngama-ectoparasites. Ukukhotha isikhathi eside nakho kungaba ukusabela esimweni esicindezelayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukuguquka kwesimo, ukubonakala kwesihambi endlini, ulaka oluvela kwesinye isilwane.
- Ngokuhamba okuncane komgudu ongaphezulu wamathumbu, uboya obugwinyiwe obunqwabelene abungeke budlulele ku-duodenum, ukusuka lapho bekufanele buthuthwe khona, ngaphandle kokubanga ukuphazamiseka esilwaneni. Kulokhu, umnikazi kufanele acabange ngokuhlola isilwane ukuze abone izifo zamathumbu.
Ubuthi
Emakati asemakhaya, okuvame ukungabi nalutho ekuthandweni kokunambitheka, ubuthi ngokudla okonakele akuvamile.... Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokudakwa ngokweqile zitholakala ngokukhululeka, izinto ezinobungozi nezinobuthi ezingene ngengozi kokuphakelayo noma ezinweleni zesilwane:
- imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka kanye namakhemikhali asendlini;
- imithi;
- izibulala-zinambuzane;
- i-antifreeze;
- isicupho segundane esinoshevu
Okubalulekile! Ukuhlanza uma kwenzeka ubuthi kuyimpendulo yomzimba, ekuvumela ukuthi ususe okungenani ingxenye yento enobuthi esiswini. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-antiemetics!
Kwesinye isikhathi imbangela yobuthi amakati adla amaqabunga neziqu zezitshalo ezifuywayo ezinobuthi kubo. Isimo sokuhlanza sincike ekutheni hlobo luni lobuthi obubangele ubuthi.
Ukukhulelwa
Yize umuthi wezilwane osemthethweni ubheka udaba lwe-toxicosis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezilwaneni luyimpikiswano, abafuyi abaningi nabanikazi bamakati bathi ukulindelwa kwenzalo ezifuyweni zabo ezinoboya kuvame ukuqhubeka nezimpawu zokudakwa. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu - kusuka kukhwalithi yokudla kuya kuzici zofuzo zohlobo..
Ngokuvamile, i-toxicosis yinto ejwayelekile yomzimba lapho isizinda se-hormonal sishintsha futhi singenalo inani elibi ekubikezelweni kwempilo kamama nenzalo. Imvamisa izimpawu ze-toxicosis ziyabonakala ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa (amasonto wesibili kuye kwelesine), zihlala isikhathi esifushane (zihlala izinsuku ezingekho ngaphezulu kwezingu-10) futhi azidingi ukwelashwa. Esinye salezi zimpawu ukuhlanza ekuseni.
Ngohlobo oluthambile, olugeleza kahle lwesifo, ukuhlanza kulula, ngaphandle kokufakwa kwe-bile noma igazi, kuqukethe ukudla okungagayeki futhi kuqukethe inani elincane legwebu. Umnikazi wekati elikhulelwe kufanele akhathazeke ngesithombe somtholampilo, lapho ukuphalaza nokuxhuzula kuqhubeka, kudlula isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili futhi kuhambisana nohudo, ukwehla okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa komzimba, nokoma emzimbeni.
Okubalulekile! Lokhu kungaba yizimpawu zesimo se-pathological esikhula kahle esinemiphumela ebulalayo kumama nasenzalweni.
Ukuqaphela ukuhlanza okuningi kuhlangene nezinye izimpawu zokudakwa, umnikazi wesilwane kufanele ahlinzeke ngokunakekelwa kwezilwane ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuzelapha. Izinyathelo zokuqala kuleli cala kuzoba yimisebenzi yokukhipha ubuthi emzimbeni, engenziwa kuphela emtholampilo wezilwane.
Izifo
Ukuhlanza kuyingxenye yenkimbinkimbi yezimpawu zezifo ezithathelwanayo nezihlelekile eziyingozi kakhulu empilweni yesilwane.
- I-Panleukopenia (i-feline distemper) ukutheleleka okunzima futhi okunamandla okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezilwane ngokushesha. Isilwane esigula isifo sihlanza uketshezi oluhlaza okotshani.
- Coronavirus enteritis - isifo esiyingozi esibonakala ngokuvuvukala kwe-epithelium yamathumbu amancane. Ukuhlanza okungalawuleki, okuvame ukuxubaniswa negazi noma inyongo, kungezinye zezimpawu eziyinhloko zesifo.
- I-Calcivirosis (i-feline flu) - okuyingozi ikakhulukazi kumantshontsho angakaze agonywe. Ukuhlanza kubonakala esigabeni sokuqala sesifo.
- I-Hyperthyroidism - I-pathology yesistimu ye-endocrine ehlotshaniswa nokwephulwa kwe-synthesis ye-hormone thyroxine. Ngesifo emakati, kunokubonakala okubonakalayo ngokumelene nesizinda sokwanda kwesifiso. Cishe cishe njalo ekudleni, isilwane siqala ukuhlanza ngokwenqaba okunye ukudla okungadliwe.
- Hypocorticism - Isifo sendlala ye-Adrenal, lapho lezi zindlala zingakhiqizi i-hormone i-cortisone ngobuningi obanele. Ikati elinalesi sifo livame ukuhlanza ngobuningi ngokufakwa amagwebu amhlophe.
Izinhlobo zokuhlanza emakati
Imvamisa, ukuhlanza kukati kuyisiginali esheshayo kumnikazi mayelana nesidingo sokunakekelwa kwezilwane. Kuyadingeka ukwazi ukucacisa uhlobo lokuhlanza ukuze udokotela, lapho ehlola isilwane, abhale isithombe esiphelele kunazo zonke.
Ukuhlanza ikati ngenyongo
Ekati eline-gag reflex, i-sphincter yesisu, okungena kuyo ama-pancreatic namanye ama-enzyme wokugaya ukudla, kufanele ivaliwe. Ngakho-ke, inyongo ekhiqizwa isibindi ayingeni kokuqukethwe kwesisu okwaliwe. Kodwa-ke, kunezizathu ezibanga ukuphuzi kokuhlanza:
- izilwane ezidla izimbotshana zokufakelwa ezivela emikhiqizweni yenyama, amathambo ezinkukhu nezinhlanzi, izingcezu zazo zihlala esiswini isikhathi eside;
- ubuthi;
- ukuhlasela okukhulu kwe-helminthic;
- ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside.
Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, ukukhishwa okunamandla kwe-bile kwenzeka, kucasula i-mucosa yesisu futhi kubangele ukuhlanza okukhulu. Isizathu sokukhathazeka ukuhlanza amafinyila aminyene anokufakwa okuningana kwenyongo, noma ezimweni lapho isilwane singazange sidle noma siphuze noma yini phambilini, sathola isibungu, futhi nokufakwa kwezinto ezinobuthi emgudwini wokugaya ukudla kuyakhishwa.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ingozi yokugula okunje imi kanjena. IBile iyikhemikhali enamandla, ecekela phansi.
Uma isisesiswini esingenalutho, idla ngokoqobo ulwelwesi lwamafinyila olungavikelekile, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni i-peptic ulcer ne-gastritis. Isiginali iyethusa ikakhulukazi uma ukugabha okugxile kwe-bile kuqukethe amahlule amaningi egazi. Izimpawu ezinjalo zingaba yizimpawu ze-volvulus yamathumbu, ukugcwala kwesisu ngesilonda, inqubo yesimila egazini lamathumbu.
Ukuhlanza ukudla
Ukuhlanza, okungukwenqatshwa kokulunywa kokudla okungadliwe okuxubene ne-asidi esiswini, kuvame ukubangelwa ukudla ngokushesha okukhulu. Isilwane ebesilambile isikhathi eside silwela ukudla ukudla okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngobugovu sigwinya izingcezu ezinkulu.
Isixazululo senkinga sizoba izingxenye ezilinganiselwe zokudla, izingxenye zazo ezisikwe zibe izingcezu ezisemaphakathi.... Amakati ahlala endlini eyodwa aziphatha ngendlela efanayo ngenkathi edla, uma kunomncintiswano phakathi kwawo. Kulokhu, izilwane zidinga ukondliwa ngokwehlukana ukuze zingazizwa zisongelwa abanye abantu futhi zidle kancane.
Kuyathakazelisa! Amakati aphuza, njengezilwane eziningi ezidlayo, anokunye ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile kwe-gag reflex. Ngosizo lwayo, umama ubuyisa ukudla okungadliwe ukuze kudliwe amazinyane amancelisayo.
Ngakho-ke, umgudu wamathumbu wezingane uvumelanisa kancane kancane nokusetshenziswa kwenyama, ukudla kwazo okuhlala njalo okuzayo. Ukuphakelwa kwekhwalithi ephansi, iphrotheni ephansi kungaba enye imbangela yokuhlanza. Ngokuvutshelwa okujwayelekile kokudla, ngakho-ke ukugaya okuhle, inani elikhulu lamaprotheni kumele libe khona ekudleni kwekati.
Ngokushoda kwalesi sakhi, ukugaya okuphelele kokudla akwenzeki, ngakho-ke, ngosizo lokuhlanza, isilwane sifuna ukukhulula umgudu wokugaya ukudla ekudleni okungagaywanga. Ukwenqatshwa kokudla okusanda kudliwa, okungenakuphikiswa kuvame ukusabela ngakunye kuzithako zokuphakelayo ngakunye noma izithasiselo. Thola futhi uqede imbangela yokuvuselelwa ngokubuyekeza ngokucophelela ukudla kwesilwane.
Ubisi lonke lungadala ukuhlanza ngemuva kokudla. Umzimba wamakati amadala ukhiqiza inani elilinganiselwe le-enzyme ediliza i-lactose equkethwe ubisi lwenkomo. Lapho ushukela wobisi ungagxiliwe kahle, ikati lizobhekana nokuphazamiseka kokugaya, kufaka phakathi ukuhlanza.
Ukuhlanza amagwebu
Ukuhlanza kwalolu hlobo kuvame ukubonwa emantwaneni asanda kushintshela ekudleni okuqinile... Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusheshayo, bahlala bedinga ukudla okuningi. I-gag reflex ibangelwa isisu esigcwele uqobo. Kulokhu, ukuhlaselwa kokuhlanza kubi kakhulu futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside - kuze kuvele ukuphuma kwemfihlo yolwelwesi lwamafinyila (igwebu), elihlanganiswe nejusi lesisu.
Isithombe esifanayo siyabonakala emakati aseshintshele ekudleni okusha ngokungazelelwe: izinguquko ohlelweni lokondla zivame ukudala ukuzihlanza ngokwazo, kepha zingakhuthaza nokudla ngokweqile, nemiphumela ehambisanayo. Ngakho-ke, ukushintshela kokunye okuphakelayo, isibonelo, kusuka kokumile kuya kokumanzi, kufanele kwenziwe kancane kancane, ezingxenyeni ezincane.
Enye imbangela evame ngokulinganayo, kepha eyingozi kakhulu yalolu hlobo lokuhlanza yizimo zezifo zomgudu wamathumbu. Ekuseni, esiswini esingenalutho, ukuhlanza kwe-foam emhlophe, njengomthetho, kungubufakazi bokukhula kwesisu. Ukuhlanza kwe-foam, okunombala ophuzi, kuvame ukuba uphawu lokutheleleka okukhulu kwe-helminthic, lapho inani lama-parasites kanye nobuthi obukhiqizwe yibo ludlula olubucayi: isibindi siyabandakanyeka enqubeni yokudakwa, okuholela ekuhlanzeni nge-foam ephuzi.
Kuhlanza igazi kuxubekile
Ukuhlanza igazi (hematemesis) kwenzeka ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zamakati. Ubuningi obinsundu obufana nezizathu zekhofi kuyimpawu yokopha, umthombo wawo usesiswini noma nge-duodenum. Lokhu kufakazelwa amahlule amnyama ansundu - ama-erythrocyte, abhujiswa ngenxa yokuchayeka kujusi wesisu.
Okubalulekile! Uma ukuhlanza kuqukethe ukufakwa okubomvu, ukusola ukopha, umthombo wawo osemlonyeni noma emqaleni. Izimbangela ezivamile zalesi senzakalo ukuhlukumezeka kwezicubu emathanjeni ezinhlanzi noma ezinyoni.
Ukuhlanjululwa kombala onsundu ofanayo kungakhuluma ngenqubo yesimila esiswini, ukubhebhetheka kwesisu, isifo sesilonda sesilonda. Ububanzi bezimbangela ezibangela ukuhlanza ngamahlule egazi ekatsheni kufaka phakathi ukuthatha imishanguzo eqeda i-mucosa yesisu.
Usizo lokuqala, ukwelashwa
Ububanzi bezinyathelo zokuhlinzeka ikati ngosizo lokuqala ezimweni ezinzima, ezihambisana nokuhlanza, kuncane kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka ubuthi, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukumisa ukuqhutshwa okuthe xaxa kwezinto ezinobuthi emzimbeni wesilwane. Ukuthuthuka okubonakalayo kwesimo sesilwane sasekhaya akusiphikisi isidingo sokungenelela okuphuthumayo kochwepheshe, ngoba inqubo yokudakwa ingakhula ngokushesha, ngesibikezelo esibulalayo.
Okubalulekile! Umzamo wokuyeka ukuhlanza ukuhlaselwa kwanoma iyiphi i-etiology ngosizo lwezidakamizwa ezikhethwe ngokuzimela kuzomane kwandise lesi simo: isilinganiso esibalwe ngokungalungile sento esebenzayo, ukusabela okungenzeka okukhona, ukungabekezelelani kwezidakamizwa ngakunye kungaholela ekufeni kwesilwane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, onguchwepheshe kuphela, osungule imbangela yangempela yobuthi, angakhetha ikhambi elifanele namanye amaqhinga okuphatha isiguli esinemilenze emine. Ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, isilwane kufanele sikhonjiswe kudokotela wezilwane futhi sinezikhathi eziningi zokuhlanza noma izifiso ezibuhlungu ngokwenqatshwa kwesixuku, kufaka phakathi igazi, inyongo, igwebu elinamandla.
Ukudla ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
Lapho uthintana nomtholampilo wezilwane mayelana nokuhlanza okuvame ukuphindaphindwa ekatini, okugcotshwe inyongo noma igazi, uchwepheshe, ngemuva kocwaningo oludingekayo nokuxilongwa, unikeza izincomo ezinemininingwane mayelana nokunakekelwa nokudla.
Uma ikati lihlanza ngezikhathi ezithile, lingadluli kathathu emini, futhi ukuhlanza akuqukethe ukufakwa okwethusayo, ungaqhuba inkambo encane yokuzila kokudla. Okokuqala, ukuze kunciphiswe umphumela ocasulayo wokudla esiswini, ukufinyelela kokudla kukhishwa usuku olulodwa. Ukwehla kwamanzi emzimbeni akukwazi ukubekezelelwa, futhi uma ikati lingaziphuzi ngokwalo, londliwa ngomjovo.
Bese unikeza isilwane izingxenye ezincane zokudla okudliwayo:
- i-decoction yelayisi;
- i-puree yengane;
- inkukhu ebilisiwe ebilisiwe;
- inkukhu entsha ebilisiwe noma iqanda lesigwaca;
- i-cottage shizi enokuqukethwe okunamafutha okungadluli ku-5%.
Ukunamathela kuleli phethini lokudla izinsuku ezimbili, udinga ukuqapha isimo sekati. Uma engabukeki engenandaba, ecindezelekile, ukuhlanza kungabuyeli, ungashintshela ekudleni okuvamile ngokudla njalo ezingxenyeni ezincane.
Okubalulekile! Ngomsoco wemvelo, ungafaki ekudleni noma yikuphi okunamafutha, okubabayo, okubabayo, ukudla okunosawoti, ubisi lonke. Uma kwenziwa ukudla okwenziwe ngomumo kwenziwa, kukhethwa kulayini wezokwelapha.
Impilo yesilwane esifufusayo incike ngokuphelele ezingeni lothando, ukunakekelwa kanye nomthwalo okhonjiswa ngumnikazi... Ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo nokunakekela isimo sesilwane, ukusabela ngesikhathi esifanele nangendlela efanele ezimpawu ezethusayo, kufaka phakathi ukuhlanza, kungenzeka ukunciphisa izingozi zokuthuthukisa izifo eziningi nokwandisa impilo yesilwane.
