Unogolantethe omnyama (Ciconia nigra) uyinyoni engandile yomndeni weStork kanye ne-Stork oda. Kwabanye abafowethu, lezi zinyoni ziyehluka ngombala wokuqala wezimpaphe.
Incazelo kanogolantethe omnyama
Ingxenye engenhla yomzimba ibonakala ngokuba khona kwezimpaphe ezimnyama ezinombala oluhlaza okotshani futhi ogcwele.... Engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba, umbala wezimpaphe uvezwa umhlophe. Inyoni esikhulile inkulu futhi inesayizi ehlaba umxhwele. Ukuphakama okumaphakathi kukanogolantethe omnyama ngu-1.0-1.1 m ngesisindo somzimba esingu-2.8-3.0 kg. Amaphiko enyoni angahluka ngaphakathi kuka-1.50-1.55 m.
Inyoni ezacile nenhle ihlukaniswa yimilenze emincane, intamo enhle nomlomo omude. Uqhwaku lwenyoni nemilenze kubomvu. Endaweni yesifuba kunezimpaphe eziwugqinsi neziphazamisekile ezicishe zifane nokhololo loboya. Imibono mayelana "nobuphukuphuku" bezinogolantethe ezimnyama ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwe-syrinx ayinasisekelo, kepha lolu hlobo luthule kakhulu kunonogolantethe abamhlophe.
Kuyathakazelisa! Unogolantethe abamnyama bathola igama labo ngombala wezimpaphe zabo, yize umbala wezimpaphe zale nyoni unemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nonsomi kunombala we-resin.
Iso lihlotshiswe ngohlaka olubomvu. Abesifazane cishe abahlukile kwabesilisa ekubukekeni kwabo. Ukucaca kwenyoni encane kuwuphawu oluhle kakhulu, oluhlaza okotshani lendawo ezungeze amehlo, kanye nezimpaphe ezicijile ngandlela thile. Onogolantethe abamnyama abadala banezimpaphe ezicwebezelayo nezinhlobonhlobo. I-Molting yenzeka minyaka yonke, iqala ngoFebhuwari futhi iphele ekuqaleni kukaMeyi-Juni.
Noma kunjalo, lena yinyoni efihliwe futhi eqaphe kakhulu, ngakho-ke indlela yokuphila kanyakazi omnyama okwamanje ayifundiswanga ngokwanele. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ngokuya ngemininingwane yokukhala, unogolantethe omnyama uyakwazi ukuphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili. Ekuthunjweni, okurekhodiwe ngokusemthethweni, kanye nempilo yokuqoshwa kwaba yiminyaka engama-31.
Indawo yokuhlala, izindawo zokuhlala
Onogolantethe abamnyama bahlala ezindaweni ezingamahlathi emazweni ase-Eurasia. Ezweni lethu, lezi zinyoni zingatholakala endaweni esukela eMpumalanga Ekude kuye oLwandle iBaltic. Abanye abantu bakanogolantethe abamnyama bahlala engxenyeni eseningizimu yeRussia, ezindaweni ezinamahlathi eDagestan naseStavropol Territory.
Kuyathakazelisa!Inani elincane kakhulu liyabonakala ePrimorsky Territory. Izinyoni zichitha isikhathi sasebusika sonyaka engxenyeni eseningizimu ye-Asia. Abantu bakanogolantethe abamnyama abahlala eNingizimu Afrika. Ngokusho kokubona, njengamanje inani elikhulu lonogolantethe abamnyama lihlala eBelarus, kepha lapho kuqala ubusika lifudukela e-Afrika.
Lapho kukhethwa indawo yokuhlala, kunikezwa ukukhetha ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo, ezimelwe amahlathi ajulile futhi amadala anezindawo ezinamachibi namathafa, amagquma asezansi kwemizimba yamanzi, amachibi amahlathi, imifula noma amaxhaphozi. Ngokungafani nabanye abaningi abamele i-oda Storks, onogolantethe abamnyama abaze bahlala eduze kakhulu nezindawo zokuhlala abantu.
Ukudla okumnyama konogolantethe
Unogolantethe omdala omnyama uvame ukudla izinhlanzi, futhi abuye asebenzise ama-vertebrate amancane asemanzini nezinambuzane ezingenamgogodla njengokudla... Le nyoni idla emanzini angajulile namadlelo agcwala amanzi, kanye nasezindaweni eziseduze nemizimba yamanzi. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, ngaphezu kokuphakelayo okusohlwini, unogolantethe omnyama uyakwazi ukondla amagundane amancane nezinambuzane ezinkulu kakhulu. Kunezimo lapho izinyoni ezindala zazidla izinyoka, izibankwa kanye nezimbaza.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Onogolantethe abamnyama bangabesigaba sezinyoni ezizodwa, futhi isikhathi sokungena esigabeni sokukhiqiza okusebenzayo siqala eminyakeni emithathu... Lo mmeli wezidleke zomndeni we-Stork kanye ngonyaka, esebenzisa le njongo isihloko somqhele wezihlahla ezindala nezide noma onqenqemeni olunamadwala.
Kwesinye isikhathi izidleke zalezi zinyoni zingatholakala ezintabeni, ezisendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2000-2200 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Isidleke sikhulu, senziwe ngamagatsha awugqinsi namahlumela ezihlahla, abanjwa ndawonye yi-turf, umhlaba nobumba.
Isidleke sonogolantethe esinokwethenjelwa futhi esihlala isikhathi eside singahlala iminyaka eminingi, futhi sivame ukusetshenziswa izizukulwane eziningana zezinyoni. Onogolantethe bathutheleka endaweni yabo yokwakha izidleke eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Abesilisa phakathi nalesi sikhathi bamema abesifazane esidlekeni, baphephezelisa umsebenzi wabo omhlophe, futhi baphinde bakhiphe namakhwela. E-clutch, efukanywe abazali ababili, kukhona amaqanda angama-4-7 amakhulu kakhulu.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izinyanga ezimbili, amaphuphu kanogolantethe omnyama ondliwa ngabazali bawo kuphela, abaphindisela ukudla kwabo cishe kahlanu ngosuku.
Inqubo yokufuza ithatha cishe inyanga, kanti ukuchanyuselwa kwamachwane kuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa. Iphuphu elichanyuselwe limhlophe noma linombala ompunga ngombala, linombala osawolintshi ezansi komlomo. Iphuzu lalo mlomo linombala oluhlaza okotshani ngombala ophuzi. Ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala, amaphuphu alala ngaphakathi esidlekeni, ngemuva kwalokho aqala ukuhlala kancane kancane. Kuphela eneminyaka engaba yinyanga eyodwa nengxenye, izinyoni esezikhulile futhi zaqiniswa zikwazi ukuma ngokuzethemba ngokwanele ngezinyawo zazo.
Izitha zemvelo
Unogolantethe omnyama cishe akanazitha ezinezimpaphe ezisongela lolu hlobo, kepha igwababa elifakwe izigqoko nezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama ziyakwazi ukweba amaqanda esidlekeni. Amachwane ashiya isidleke kusenesikhathi kakhulu kwesinye isikhathi abhujiswa yizidlakudla ezinemilenze emine, kubandakanya impungushe nempisi, imbila kanye nenja ye-raccoon kanye ne-marten. Inyoni kanye nabazingeli abangajwayelekile kanjalo baqothulwa ngobuningi ngokwanele.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Njengamanje, onogolantethe abamnyama babhalwe kuRed Book ezindaweni ezinjengeRussia neBelarus, iBulgaria, iTajikistan ne-Uzbekistan, i-Ukraine neKazakhstan. Le nyoni ingabonakala emakhasini eRed Book of Mordovia, kanye nasezifundeni zeVolgograd, Saratov naseIvanovo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inhlalakahle yalezi zinhlobo incike ngqo ezicini ezifana nokuphepha nesimo se-biotopes yokwakha izidleke.... Ukwehla kwesibalo esiphelele sonogolantethe abamnyama kwenziwa lula ukwehliswa okukhulu kwesisekelo sokudla, kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ezindaweni ezifanele ukuhlala izinyoni ezinjalo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, esifundeni iKaliningrad kanye namazwe aseBaltic, kuthathwe izinyathelo ezinqala kakhulu ukuvikela izindawo zikanogolantethe abamnyama.
