I-Zelleznitsa (i-Demodex) iyisinambuzane esiphilayo esihlala ngqo ngaphakathi noma eduze kwezikhwebu zezinwele namapayipi ezilwaneni ezincelisayo. Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-six zeDemodex ziyaziwa futhi zifundwa kahle.
Incazelo kanye nezinhlobo zemikhaza engaphansi
I-Demodex ingenye yezinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke ze-arthropods, kodwa izinja, njengomthetho, zikhutshazwa yi-thrombidiform mite yezinhlobo ze-Demodex canis. Izinhlobo ezikhona zemikhaza zohlobo lweDemodex nokukhubazeka ezinjeni ezifuywayo ziyahlukahluka kuzici zazo eziyinhloko zokuziphatha:
- umenzeli we-causative we-demodicosis Demodex canis ubonakala ngokuma okwenziwe ngo-cigar, kanye ne-cuticle ekhanyayo empunga enqamulezwe. Ubude bomzimba wesilisa osekhulile abudluli ku-0.3 mm, kanti lokho kowesifazane kungaphakathi kuka-0.2 mm. Ububanzi bomzimba obujwayelekile bucishe bube ngu-0.06 mm. Umkhaza we-thrombidiform omdala unamabhangqa amane emilenze. Leli fomu likhubaza izinhlayiya zezinwele, kanye nezindlala namasongo;
- umenzeli we-causative we-demodicosis I-Demodex cornei ibonakala ngesimo somzimba esivamile, esiseqanda. Ubude bomzimba womuntu wesilisa nowesifazane omdala abudluli ku-0.1 mm. Leli fomu lomkhaza we-thrombidiform yisinambuzane esiphilayo esiphila emhlabeni;
- umenzeli we-causative we-demodicosis Demodex injai ubonakala ngohlobo lomzimba olunwetshiwe, olunwetshiwe. Ubude bomzimba womuntu wesilisa nowesifazane abadala abweqi ku-0.6 mm. Leli fomu lomkhaza we-thrombidiform litholakala ngemuva, lapho likhubazeka khona ngemuva kwesizinda se-seborrhea esinamafutha.
Njengamanje, izinhlobo eziningi ezivame kakhulu zemikhaza ezithinta izinja ziyaziwa, kodwa ezweni lethu, izilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukuhlushwa yizinhlobo ezinjenge-demodex, i-notoedrosis ne-sarcoptic mange.
I-Demodectic mange ibangelwa i-intradermal mite ehlala kwizindlala ezi-sebaceous, kanye nasezihlokweni zezinwele zesilwane. I-juvenile demodicosis ivame ukwenzeka ngokuzumayo, futhi ibonakaliswa yisibikezelo esihle sokululama okuphelele.
I-notoedrosis ne-sarcoptic mange, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi ukhwekhwe, ibangelwa yisidlakudla se-intradermal... Ukuvela kokhokho bakudala noma i-sarcoptic mange icasulwa yi-mite Sarcortes sсabiei. Inkambo yalesi sifo, njengomthetho, inomlingiswa onolaka kakhulu futhi ifana ne-demodicosis, futhi umehluko omkhulu uboniswa ukuvuvukala kohlobo lokugxila. Imvamisa, inja ethwalayo ibangela ukutheleleka kwezinye izilwane.
Esikhathini sokuqala, ukubonakala kwempandla nokushaywa okunzima kuyabonakala, futhi ifomu elingapheli libonakala nge-keratinization ebonakalayo yesikhumba, ukuvela kwezibazi eziningi nezindawo zombala ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ifomu lendlebe noma i-notoedrosis libangelwa i-Notoedrosis mite, ethinta isikhumba sangaphandle sezindlebe. Isilwane esigulayo sigxilisa kakhulu izindlebe hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi nendawo yekhanda.
Izimpawu zemikhaza engaphansi
Ngokuhambisana nezimpawu zomtholampilo ezihambisana nesilonda nge-demodicosis, izinhlobo ezenziwe ngezifo nezenziwe jikelele zalesi sifo ziyehluka ezinjeni. Ifomu lokuqala, njengamanje, livame kakhulu:
- ngohlobo lwendawo lwedemodicosis, ekuqaleni kwesilonda, kunendawo encane ne-alopecia engenambala ngokuphelele engenakho ukulunywa ngokuphelele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukubonakala kwe-hyperemia enzima nokukhuhla kuyaziwa. Ifomu lasendaweni le-pododemodecosis lihambisana nesilonda somlenze owodwa, kanti i-otodemodecosis ibonakala ngokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-earwax nesikhumba esilumayo sobukhulu obuhlukahlukene;
- Ngendlela ejwayelekile ye-demodicosis, izimpawu zokuqala zingavela hhayi kuphela esikhathini sezingane, kodwa nakubantu abadala noma, okuthiwa yizilwane ezifuywayo ezindala. I-demodicosis ejwayelekile, njengomthetho, ivela kwifomu eyenziwe yangakini lapho kungekho ukwelashwa okwanele noma ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-glucocorticosteroid ekwelashweni. Kulokhu, ubukhona bezilonda eziningi kuyaphawulwa, ikakhulukazi obuphinyiselwa ekhanda, emalungeni nasemzimbeni.
Okubalulekile! Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekubukekeni kwesilwane sezimpawu ezinjengokwakheka kwama-scabs kanye nama-crust, ukukhishwa kwe-exudate esikhunjeni, ukwanda okuvelele kakhulu kokuqina kwesikhumba nokushwabana, ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla nokuncipha, ukubukeka kobuthakathaka, ukukhathala kanye ne-anemia.
Ifomu elijwayelekile elejwayelekile lihambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwe-erythema ne-alopecia, i-folliculitis ne-furunculosis, ukubonakala kwe-seborrhea kanye ne-comedones, kanye nama-crust amaningi, amelwe izilonda ze-exudate ezomile kanye nokopha kakhulu. Ngendlela ejwayelekile ye-pododemodecosis, izitho ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ziyathinteka esilwaneni.
Imithombo yokutheleleka
Ukuhlasela kuvame ukuhanjiswa ngabesifazane. Ukutheleleka kwemidlwane komama kwenzeka ezinsukwini zokuqala zempilo yabo. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu eziyinhloko zokwelashwa zivame ukuvela ezilwaneni lapho zinezinyanga ezintathu ubudala.
Okubalulekile! Esikhathini sezifundo eziningi zesayensi, ososayensi baseMelika baphumelele ekuboniseni ukuthambekela kofuzo ezinjeni ukuthi zinqotshwe yi-demodicosis, yingakho isilwane esigulayo noma esesilisiwe sinqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi sisetshenziselwe ukuzalanisa izinhlobo.
Kukhona ukuthambekela kokuzalwa kwezinja ezifuywayo ukunqotshwa yi-demodicosis... Okuthinteka kakhulu yizilwane ezingenawo amandla ezisesigabeni sezinhlobo zezinwele ezimfishane, kufaka phakathi:
- UShar Pei;
- dogue de bordeaux;
- IsiNgisi, isiFulentshi kanye ne-American Bulldog;
- inkunzi yenkomo;
- I-American kanye ne-Staffordshire Terriers;
- Umalusi waseJalimane;
- i-dachshund enezinwele ezimfushane;
- i-pug;
- ILabrador neGolden Retriever;
- isikhombisi esifushane;
- i-cocker spaniel;
- nontobeko.
Inja esikhulile ingatheleleka ngesikhumba esilimele, ukubhukuda emachibini emvelo nawokufakelwa ngamanzi amile, ukuthintana nokugula okugulayo nezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nomhlabathi ongcolile nezinsiza.
Ngokombono wokubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo, i-demodicosis ingabonakala emasontweni ambalwa kuphela ngisho nasezinyangeni ngemuva kokutheleleka kokuqala.
I-Demodecosis ingazibonakalisa ingemuva kwezifo eziningi, kepha imvamisa isilonda esinjalo siyarekhodwa uma isilwane sinomlando we:
- ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo: i-pyoderma, i-bacterial dermatitis kanye nesifo esidlayo;
- ukuphazamiseka komzimba, kufaka phakathi i-hypothyroidism ne-hyperadrenocorticism;
- izifo ezizimele ngesimo se-pemphigus complex, i-pemphigus ne-lupus;
- ukungezwani komzimba, i-atopic dermatitis kanye ne-hypersensitivity yokudla;
- izinguquko zengqondo, ezimelwe yi-acrodermatitis ekukhothweni;
- i-helminthiasis, kufaka phakathi i-toxacarosis ne-dipylidiosis, i-protozoanosis ne-giardiasis;
- ukuntuleka okubangelwa ama-alimentary kwama-acid abalulekile nama-dermatoses ancike ku-zinc;
- Izinguquko ze-iatrogenic pathological ezimelwe yi-Cushing's syndrome.
Ukuze ukwelashwa kube okulungile futhi okusebenzayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwesibungu esingaphansi kwesikhumba, kusuka ku-folliculitis ne-furunculosis, i-pyoderma ne-dermatomycosis, i-microsporia ne-trichophytosis, i-dermatitis kanye ne-hypersensitivity yokudla, i-flea i-allergic dermatitis nezinye izifo ezibangelwa ama-parasitic.
Ukwelapha umkhaza ongena ngaphansi kwenja
Ukuze unqume umuthi wokwelashwa onekhono, i-algorithm elandelayo yokuxilonga, eyethulwe ngu:
- umlando ophelele. Imininingwane ephelele iyadingeka mayelana nobudala besilwane, imvelo eyinhloko noma yesibili, kanye nobude besifo, izici zokondla, ubukhona nobude besikhathi sokwelapha i-glucocorticosteroid. Uma isilwane sinokubuyela emuva, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucacisa izici zokwelashwa okunqunyelwe ngaphambili, isikhathi esiphelele sokuxolelwa, kanye nokuba khona kwanoma yiziphi izifo ezihambisanayo;
- i-microscopy ye-scraping ethathwe esikhunjeni sesilwane esigulayo;
- isiko lamagciwane ukuze kunqunywe izinga lokuzwela kwe-microflora ehlukanisiwe ngesikhathi socwaningo kuma-antibiotic ajwayelekile kakhulu;
- ucwaningo lwendabuko lwe-mycological;
- ukuhlonza isifo esiyimbangela;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwamakhemikhali;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngesizinda esiyinhloko se-hormonal;
- ukuhlolwa komchamo womtholampilo;
- ucwaningo lwe-scatological;
- i-radiography ejwayelekile noma ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound.
I-polyethiology ye-demodicosis ekhonjiwe ibeka ubunzima obuyimpoqo banoma iyiphi indlela yokwelashwa ebekiwe. Lapho welapha ifomu elenziwe lasendaweni, inqubo yokuzikhulula yalesi sifo kungenzeka phakathi nenyanga nohhafu, ngenxa yokujwayelekile kwesimo somzimba sokuzivikela ezinkomba ezanele.
Umphumela omuhle unikezwa ngokuqokwa kwamalungiselelo e-acaricidal kanye ngesonto ngohlobo lwamafutha wezilwane e-zinc-sulphur, "Akarabora", "Taktika", "Amitana" kanye "neMitabana". Ukwelashwa kwansuku zonke kwesikhumba esithintekile kwenziwa ngama-antiseptic agents ngendlela ye-salicylic lotion kanye nekhemisi fucorcin.
Kuyathakazelisa! Umuthi omusha waseJalimane ovela eBayer obizwa ngokuthi uMmeli unamandla aphakeme kakhulu futhi aqinisekisiwe.
I- "Advakat" ingumenzeli osebenza kahle kakhulu onobubanzi obubanzi besenzo sokulwa nokuqaqamba kwamangqamuzana futhi uyasebenza ekulweni nokutheleleka kwamazeze, umange we-sarcoptic, i-otodectosis, i-trichodectose ne-nematodosis, kanye nokufaka izifo. Umuthi ukhiqizwa ngamaphayiphi we-polypropylene asebenziseka kalula. Kodwa-ke, i-ejenti yesimanje yokulwa ne-antiparasite iyaphikiswa ukuze isetshenziswe emidlwane nasezinja ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ekwelapheni ifomu elejwayelekile, umuthi osebenza kahle kakhulu futhi wanamuhla wesenzo se-systemic "Ummeli" nawo usetshenziswa kabanzi, ongafakwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezine ngesikhawu esiyimpoqo samasonto amane. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-glucocorticosteroid systemic kanye nokwelashwa kwasendaweni akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ifomu elejwayelekile liyisifo esinzima ukwelashwa, ngakho-ke, umuthi wokwelashwa kwesilwane kufanele ube banzi, ngokususelwa ocwaningweni lwazo zonke izitho zangaphakathi, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kohlelo lwe-endocrine kanye nezinga lesimo sokuzivikela kwesilwane.
Ukwenza lula ukungena kwamafutha okwelapha nesixazululo esikhunjeni, ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, izinwele ziyasuswa ezindaweni ezithintekile bese ziphathwa ngama-antiseborrheic detergent noma ama-shampoo.
Njengamanje, azikho izidakamizwa ezinamalayisense ezivumela ukwelashwa okuhlelekile kwe-demodicosis... Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa i- "Immunoparasitan" ngokusho kohlelo olunconywe ngumenzi nangokufaka imijovo ye- "Dectomax".
Okubalulekile! Khumbula ukuthi i-Dectomax ayinakusetshenziswa ekwelapheni izinhlobo ezinjengoSheltie, uCollie noBobtail. Ukwelashwa kwangaphandle kwezindawo ezithintekile kwenziwa ngemithi elwa nokuqhekeka ngesimo se- "Hemitraz", "Neostomozan", "Stomozan" ne "Mitaban". Kungenzeka ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi ngosizo lwama-hepatoprotectors, ama-prebiotic, ama-probiotic kanye nama-synbiotic, anikezwe isilwane esifundweni sanyanga zonke.
Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile okuqinisa kubaluleke kakhulu esigabeni sokwelashwa. Ngale njongo, kusetshenziswa izithasiselo zesimanjemanje futhi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ngamavithamini namaminerali, kanye nezakhiwo zamavithamini ancibilikayo anamafutha ngokufaka ama-fatty acid abalulekile, anomthelela omuhle ekuvuseleleni kabusha kwesikhumba noboya. Futhi okuphoqelekile ukusetshenziswa kwe-immunostimulating therapy, emelwe yimithi "Timalin" ne "Taktivin".
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Izici zobungozi bokutheleleka ngezikelemu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba zifaka izingxenye zohlobo olungapheli nolungaphandle. Esimweni sokuqala, ubungozi bokulimala kwesilwane esifuywayo buyanda kakhulu ngokuncipha kokumelana nezinja ezisanda kuzalwa nezilwane ezindala, ezindala, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nengcindezi, kanye naphambi komlando wokukhubazeka kokuzalwa komzimba noma okutholakele.
Izici ezingavezwa zingaboniswa ngokwephulwa kwemingcele yenhlanzeko, ukuxhumana ngqo ne-pathogen, izici zezulu, kanye namathonya amakhemikhali nawomzimba.
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuvikela ukunqotshwa kwesilwane ngomkhaza onjengezikelemu yilezi:
- ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezinja ngaphambi nje kokukhwelana okuhleliwe;
- inzalo yezilwane ezitholakele noma izinja ezithwalayo;
- kunciphisa ukuxhumana kwesilwane nabanye, ikakhulukazi izinja eziphambukayo;
- ukuhambisana nezinyathelo zenhlanzeko lapho kugcinwa isilwane ekhaya;
- usebenzisa ama-shampoo akhethekile wokulwa namagciwane;
- ukuhlinzeka isilwane ngokudla okuphelele futhi okulinganiselayo;
- izivivinyo ezivamile zokuvimbela emtholampilo wezilwane;
- ukugcina amasosha omzimba esilwane asezingeni eliphakeme;
- ukunamathela ngokuqinile ohlelweni lokugoma lokugoma.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-demodicosis nokuthatha imishanguzo kwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela wezilwane okhokhelwayo futhi ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe okuqinile, ngoba izinhlobo ezingalashwa nezimbi kakhulu zesifo esifana nalesi zingaba yingozi empilweni yabantu.
