I-warbler eluhlaza iyinyoni ethakazelisa kakhulu, ingeyenyoni yezingoma. Ensimini yaseRussia, ihlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini, ezifundeni zezintaba nasemabhange omfula.
Incazelo ye-warbler eluhlaza
Ukubukeka
Le yinyoni encane enombala oluhlaza okomnqumo, ikhanda layo likhulu kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba... Ingxenye engenhla yomzimba we-warbler eluhlaza iluhlaza okotshani; umhlane ungakhanya kancane. Isingezansi sinempunga nge-tinge ephuzi, ebonakala kakhulu esifubeni nasentanyeni, kancane esiswini.
Kuma-juveniles, umbala awuncani kunabantu abadala, futhi izimpaphe zezinyoni ezisencane zikhululeke kakhulu kunezabantu abadala. Lokhu kubonakala kuvumela le nyoni encane ukuba izifihle ngokuphelele emagatsheni ezihlahla nasezihlahleni ezivela ezitheni zemvelo.
Abanye ososayensi bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zama-warblers aluhlaza: empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Ophikweni lohlobo lwasempumalanga kukhona umugqa oluhlaza, kuyilapho izinyoni zohlobo lwasentshonalanga zingenawo umugqa onjalo. Ubude bomzimba buyi-10-13 cm, izimpiko zivulekela u-18-22 cm, isisindo esingu-5-9 g. Lezi zinyoni zivame ukuphakamisa izimpaphe ekhakhayini, okunika ikhanda isimo sesici.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-warbler eluhlaza inamahloni futhi iyaqapha kunezinye izinhlobo zama-warblers. Akukho mehluko wobulili ngokwebala kulezi zinyoni. Abesilisa nabesifazane banombala nosayizi ofanayo.
Ungabahlukanisa kuphela ngamandla okucula kwabo. Uma inyoni ithule, khona-ke uchwepheshe kuphela ongaqonda ukuthi yini ubulili lapho ibukwa.
Ukucula i-chiffchaff eluhlaza
Le nyoni ingeyenyoni yezingoma. Ingoma ye-warbler eluhlaza imfishane futhi imvamisa ihlala ngaphezu kwemizuzwana engama-4-5. Lezi zinomsindo omkhulu kakhulu, ocacile, osheshayo, oshelelayo, okhumbuza amakhwela, alandelana ngaphandle kokuma kancane. Abesilisa bacula isikhathi eside, kuze kufike kuJulayi ngokubandakanya, ngalesi sikhathi ukuzalanisa nokuzalela i-warbler eluhlaza kwenzeka. Abesifazane benza umsindo ungaphansi kaningi kunowesilisa.
Indlela yokuphila, umlingiswa
IChiffchaff incamela ukuhlala emahlathini axubekile, emahlathini amancane aseduze nemifula nasezindaweni ezinokukhululeka okubonakalayo ngamagquma nemihosha. Isidleke sivame ukuhlelwa phansi, kungabi kangako endaweni ephakeme esihlahleni esinyene noma ekuhlukanisweni kwamagatsha ezihlahleni. Zihlala ngababili, kwesinye isikhathi ngamaqembu amancane. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uvikele ngempumelelo ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezizingelayo.
Imvamisa isebenzisa iziqu zemithi eziwile, imichilo yobumba nezinye izindawo ezivalekile njengendawo yokuhlela isidleke. Ubulembu, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela amancane asetshenziswa njengezinto zokwakha.
Kuyathakazelisa! Isidleke uqobo saso sibanzi, cishe singama-20-25 cm ububanzi.Ibhangqa labazali elinabantwana bahlaliswa kahle kulo.
I-warbler eluhlaza iyinyoni efudukayo. Ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika, lezi zinyoni ezincane ezivela kulo lonke elase-Eurasia, lapho zivame ukuhlala khona, zifudukela emahlathini ashisayo ezwekazi lase-Afrika.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, isikhathi sokuphila se-warbler eluhlaza asikho ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-4-5. Iminyaka yobudala lapho i-warbler eluhlaza ikwazi ukuyifinyelela emvelweni yiminyaka eyisithupha. Iminyaka yobudala yasungulwa ngesikhathi kuhlolwa minyaka yonke izinyoni ezineminwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona kwenani elikhulu lezitha zemvelo.
Zivame ukugcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo, kuphela ngabathandi bezinyoni zezingoma zasendle. Ekuthunjweni, bangaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-8-10. Ukugcina lezi zinyoni ekhaya kulula. Abathobekile ekudleni nasezimeni zokuphila. Ukudla okuyinhloko - izinambuzane zingashintshwa ngamajikijolo, kepha kungcono ukunikeza izimpukane nezibungu zokudla.
Okubalulekile! Lezi yizinyoni ezinokuthula, zizwana kalula nezinye izinhlobo. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuthi ungaxazululi abesilisa abaningana ndawonye, ngoba izingxabano zingenzeka phakathi kwabo.
Ukuze izinyoni zizizwe zingokwemvelo ngokwengeziwe, kuyadingeka ukuziletha "izinto zokwakha" esibayeni futhi insikazi izokwakha isidleke uqobo lwayo.
Indawo yokuhlala, izindawo zokuhlala
Indawo yokuhlala ye-warbler eluhlaza isakazeke kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zale nyoni: empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Eyokuqala izala e-Asia, eMpumalanga yeSiberia naseHimalaya. Uhlobo lwasentshonalanga luhlala eFinland, eNtshonalanga ye-Ukraine, eBelarus nasePoland. Uhlobo lwasempumalanga lwehlukile kolwesentshonalanga kuphela ngokuba khona komugqa ohlaza ephikweni. Akukho mehluko ophawulekayo endleleni yokuphila, ukwakha izidleke, ukukhiqiza kabusha kanye nokudla okunomsoco.
Ukudla okuluhlaza okotshani
Ukudla kwe-chiffchaff kuqukethe izinambuzane ezincane ezihlala ezihlahleni nasemhlabathini kanye nezibungu zazo; izimvemvane, amacimbi kanye nojekamanzi abancane bavame ukuba yizisulu zalezi zinyoni. Uma inyoni ihlala eduze kwechibi, khona-ke ingadla ngisho nezimbaza ezincane.
Izinzalo zondliwa ngokudla okufanayo, kepha ngendlela egaywe kancane. Kancane kakhulu badla amajikijolo nezinhlamvu zezitshalo. Ngaphambi kokundiza, ukudla kwalezi zinyoni kuba nekhalori ephezulu kakhulu, ngoba ohambweni olude kuyadingeka ukugcina amafutha nokuthola amandla.
Izitha zemvelo
Lezi zinyoni ezincane zinezitha ezimbalwa zemvelo. Engxenyeni yaseYurophu, lezi yizimpungushe, amakati asendle nezinyoni ezidla inyama. Ezinyonini ezihlala e-Asia, kunezelwa izinyoka nezibankwa kuzo. Izilwane eziyingozi ziyizidleke ikakhulukazi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, amaqanda namachwane kuyizisulu ezilula kakhulu, futhi amachwane aluhlaza ngokuvamile adla khona kanye emhlabathini.
Kuyathakazelisa! Phakathi kwezinto ezithonya impilo nenombolo yalezi zinyoni, eyinhloko i-anthropogenic.
Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukukhishwa kwemithombo yamanzi kanye nemisebenzi yezolimo kunomthelela omubi enanini le-warbler eluhlaza. Kepha ngenxa yesibalo esikhulu salezi zinyoni, inani lazo lihlala lisezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukuzala nenzalo
I-clutch ye-warbler eluhlaza iqukethe amaqanda ama-4-6 amhlophe. Insikazi ibafukamela izinsuku eziyi-12-15. Amachwane azalwa enqunu futhi engakwazi ukuzivikela ngokuphelele, kukhona kuphela okusamakhanda ekhanda. Amachwane akhula ngokushesha okukhulu, bobabili abazali babamba iqhaza ekondleni inzalo.
Ukondla kwenzeka kuze kube izikhathi ezingama-300 ngosuku. Ngenxa yokondliwa okunjalo nokukhula okusheshayo, ukuvela esidlekeni kwenzeka vele ngosuku lwe-12-15. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaphuphu anikezwa ukudla kwamaprotheni kuphela, kuyadingeka ekukhuleni okugcwele futhi okusheshayo kwenzalo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Le yinyoni ejwayelekile. Ngokwososayensi, kunabantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-40 eYurophu, okungaphezulu kokwanele ukugcina inani labantu. I-chiffchaff eluhlaza ayinaso isimo sezinhlobo ezingavamile noma ezisengozini yokudinga ukuvikelwa. Engxenyeni yase-Asia yezwekazi, le nyoni nayo ayiyona inhlobo engajwayelekile.
