Ikati lesihlabathi, noma ikati lesihlabathi (Felis margarita) yisilwane esincelisayo esidlayo. Lezi zinhlobo, ezomndeni we-feline kanye namakati amancane omndeni omncane, zimelwe yi-subspecies eziningana.
Incazelo yekati lesihlabathi
Ngokungafani nabanye abameleli basendle bomndeni we-feline, amakati esihlabathi abonakala ngosayizi omncane kakhulu nokubukeka kwasekuqaleni.
Ukubukeka
Ubude bomzimba womuntu omdala buhluka kusuka ku-65-90 cm, okuba cishe ama-40% awela emsileni... Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwekati le-dune yesihlabathi lapho kubuna akubanga ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-24-30. Abesilisa bakhudlwana ngaphezudlwana kwabesifazane, kepha isisindo sabo somzimba asidluli ku-2.1-3.4 kg. Isilwane esincelisayo sinekhanda elikhulu futhi elibanzi, elibonakala liyisicaba elinama-sideburns. Izindlebe ezinkulu futhi ezibanzi azinazo neze iziswazi. Amehlo abonakala nge-iris ephuzi kanye nabafundi abasikiwe.
Ikati lesihlabathi linezidladla ezimfushane futhi ezinamandla, ezithuthuke kahle, futhi izinyawo zimbozwe izinwele ezikhuni, ezivikela amapayipi asezidolweni ekushisweni lapho zihamba esihlabathini esishisayo, esishisayo elangeni. Uboya bekati le-dune bukhulu futhi buthambile, ngakho-ke buyakwazi ukuvikela ngokuphelele umzimba wesilwane esincelisayo esidliwayo ekushiseni okushisa okuphansi ebusuku nokushisa kakhulu ezinsukwini ezishisayo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Abantu abahlala endaweni ese-Asia Ephakathi bathola okujiyile, okubizwa "ngoboya basebusika" bombala onesihlabathi onothile onombala ompunga ebusika.
Umbala woboya uyahlukahluka kusuka kumthunzi onesihlabathi ongakhanyi kakhulu kuye kokumpunga okhanyayo. Kunemivimbo emnyama, nsundu ngokumpunga emuva nasemsileni, engahlangana nombala wonke woboya. Iphethini ekhanda nasemilenzeni imnyama futhi iphinyiselwe. Iphuzu lomsila wekati lesihlabathi linombala omnyama noma wamalahle amnyama. Isilevu kanye nesifuba kuphela sesilwane esingavamile kuyahluka ngemibala elula.
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha
Isilwane esincelisayo sidla ebusuku, ngakho-ke, lapho kuqala ukuhwalala, isilwane siyawushiya umgodi waso bese siyofuna ukudla okusebenzayo. Kaningi, ukuze zizitholele ukudla, ikati le-dune lihamba lifike kumakhilomitha ayishumi, futhi yonke indawo evikelwe yisilwane esinjalo ingamakhilomitha-skwele ayishumi nanhlanu.
Kwesinye isikhathi izidlakela ziyahlangana nozakwabo abavela ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane, okuqondwa kahle yizilwane ezinjalo ngokuthula... Ngemuva kokuzingelwa, ikati lesihlabathi liphinde libuyele endaweni yalo yokukhosela, engasetshenziswa ngumzingeli emgodini oshiywe yimpungushe, kanye nasemigodini yengungumbane, i-corsac noma amagundane asogwadule osayizi owanele.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngaphambi kokushiya indawo yokukhosela, ikati liba yiqhwa futhi lilalele imvelo ukugwema ingozi, kuthi ngemuva kokuzingelwa, isilwane silalele, sizame ukuthola ukuthi ngabe indawo yokuhlala ibingahlali muntu ngesikhathi engekho.
Kaningi, umhlaseli ucasha elangeni emfantwini wezintaba noma ngokuzimela azakhele indawo yokuhlala engaphansi komhlaba, ayigubhe ngezidladla eziqinile. Ikati lesihlabathi lizwela kakhulu emvuleni, ngakho-ke likhetha ukungashiyi indawo yalo yokukhosela emvuleni. Isilwane sigijima ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokusobala sigobele phansi futhi sishintsha kalula umzila wokuhamba kwaso. Ikati elidala likwazi ukuhamba ngesivinini esingu-35-40 km / h.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi esiphakathi kwekati lesihlabathi lapho sigcinwa ekhaya nasesimweni semvelo asihlukile kakhulu, futhi cishe iminyaka eyishumi nambili kuya kweleshumi nantathu.
Indawo yokuhlala nezindawo zokuhlala
Amakati e-Dune noma esihlabathi ajwayelene nokuphila ezimweni zezulu ezinzima kakhulu futhi ezinzima kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi baqanjwa igama labo. Izilwane ezincelisayo ezidliwayo zihlala ezingxenyeni ezomile zomhlaba wethu, kufaka phakathi izingxenye zeSahara, iNhlonhlo yase-Arabia, i-Asia Ephakathi nePakistan.
Isilwane sizizwa sikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka ezindaweni ezomile zasogwadule, kepha kwesinye isikhathi amakati endunduma atholakala emaphethelweni amadwala asogwini nasogwadule lobumba. Kuyasiza ukusinda kalula ezimeni ezinzima ngokuzingela izakhamizi ezincane zasogwadule, ezimelwe ngamagundane, izibankwa, izinyoni eziphakathi nendawo, izinambuzane ngisho nezinyoka.
Izinhlobo zekati le-dune, ngokuya ngezici zendawo yokusatshalaliswa nombala, kufaka phakathi ama-subspecies amaningana:
- F.m. margarita - ama-subspecies amancane kakhulu, anemibala egqamile, avela emasongweni amabili kuya kwayisithupha amnyama emsila;
- F.m. mxmdluli - umbala omkhulu kunayo yonke, ongaconsi phansi, onephethini engabonakali kahle, ama-subspecies, ngomsila wawo kunamasongo amabili noma amathathu kuphela;
- F.m. mxolisi - Umbala ufana nama-subspecies wangaphambilini, kepha ngephethini elimele kakhulu namasongo ambalwa emsila;
- F.m. harrisoni - inebala ngemuva kwendlebe, futhi abantu abadala babonakala ngokuba khona kwamasongo ayisihlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa emsileni.
Esihlabathini seSahara Desert, uFelis margarita margarita uhlala, naseNhlonhlweni Yase-Arabia - uFelis margarita harrisoni. EPakistan kutholakala ama-subspecies Felis margarita sсheffeli, kanti indawo yase-Iran neTurkmenistan isibe yizimo zemvelo zekati le-dune laseTrans-Caspian.
Izitha zemvelo
Izitha zemvelo zekati lesihlabathi endaweni yalo yemvelo yizimpungushe, izimpisi nezinyoni ezinkulu ezidla inyama. Phakathi kokunye, abantu, abavame ukuzingela izilwane zasendle ezingejwayelekile ngenhloso yokuthengisa, banomthelela oqondile ngqo enanini lesilwane esincelisayo esinjalo. Le nhlobo ye-feline yasendle okwamanje iyavikelwa, futhi inani eliqondile alaziwa, ngenxa yendlela yokuphila eyimfihlo yomzingeli.
Ukudla, kudlani ikati le-dune
Amakati esanti angaphansi kwesigaba sezilwane ezincelisayo ezidlayo, ngakho-ke, isisekelo sokudla kwesilwane esinjalo simelelwa ngama-gerbils, ama-jerboas namanye amagundane amancane, izibankwa, izicabucabu nezinambuzane ezinkulu kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi ikati lesihlabathi lizingela onogwaja be-tolai nezinyoni, izidleke zazo ezonakaliswe ngamandla. Lapho inyamazane inkulu kakhulu futhi ingahlali ingadliwa, isilwane siyigqiba esihlabathini, siyigcine uma kungenzeka izingelwe ngempumelelo.
Amakati e-Dune ayaziwa nangokuzingela kwawo ngempumelelo kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinyoka ezinobuthi, kufaka phakathi ngisho nenyoka enezimpondo. Ngokuqala kwenkathi yasebusika elambile, isilwane esincelisayo esidlayo sivame ukusondela ezindaweni zokuhlala, kodwa, njengomthetho, azihlaseli izilwane ezifuywayo noma izinyoni. Ikati lesihlabathi lingumzingeli oncomekayo, namaphakethe wezidladla, ambozwe ngoboya obukhulu, awashiyi amamaki ebusweni besihlabathi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngenxa yezindlebe eziqondiswe phansi, umhlaseli ukwazile ukulungisa ngisho nokuhamba okuncane kwesisulu saso, futhi ubukhulu obuncane bekati lasendle buyayivumela ukuthi izingele ngobuhlakani futhi idlule umdlalo ngenkathi igxuma.
Enkambeni yokuzingela, lapho kunokukhanya kwenyanga okuhle, isilwane sihlala phansi sicikice amehlo, futhi ukuze singatholakali ngephunga, lesi silwane esincelisayo sidla indle yaso ngokujule ngokwanele esihlabathini. Amakati e-sand dune ayakwazi ukuthola inani elikhulu lomswakama ovela ekudleni, ngakho-ke angenza kalula ngaphandle kwamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile isikhathi eside.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Amakati asendle atholakala ngababili kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Isikhathi sokumatanisa siqala ngawodwana, kuya ngezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezimo zezulu endaweni yesilwane esincelisayo.
Isibonelo, izilwane ezihlala endaweni ese-Asia Ephakathi zizala entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, nasezindaweni eziwugwadule eSahara, ukukhwelana kwenzeka ebusika noma entwasahlobo. Abesilisa bazisa abesifazane ngokulungela kwabo ukukhwelana nemisindo enomsindo omkhulu, okungakhumbuli ngokungafani inja ekhonkothayo noma ukukhonkotha impungushe.
Ngokubeletha, owesifazane ukhetha umgodi ovulekile futhi okhululekile. Igama lekati lensikazi lensikazi ukuba lithwale amawundlu liyizinyanga ezimbalwa, kanti udoti uvame ukuba namakati amane noma amahlanu. Akuvamile ukuthi kuzalwe izingane eziyisikhombisa noma eziyisishiyagalombili kudoti. Amakati asanda kuzalwa ayizimpumputhe, futhi isisindo sawo asidluli ku-28-30 g. Insikazi inamabhangqa amane ezingono, amvumela ukuthi ondle inzalo yakhe ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Emavikini amathathu noma amane okuqala, kuyabonakala izinqubo zokukhula okusebenzayo, ngakho-ke amazinyane azuza cishe isisindo esingu-6-7 g nsuku zonke.
Kuyathakazelisa! Uma phakathi nenkathi yokukhwelana amakati endunduma yasendle enza imisindo ephezulu, ekhonkothayo, khona-ke empilweni ejwayelekile, isilwane esinjalo siyathula, siyabhodla futhi sihoshozela, futhi siyazi ukuthi singacwengisisa kanjani.
Njengomthetho, cishe inyanga eyodwa nengxenye, izingane zekati elincelisayo elincelisayo zizama ukuzingela nokumba imigodi ngokwazo. Emgodini onowesifazane, izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukuhlala izinyanga eziyisithupha noma eziyisishiyagalombili ubudala, ngemuva kwalokho zithole ukuzimela okuphelele. Amakati e-Velvet afinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi cishe ezinyangeni eziyi-9-15. Izinga lokufa phakathi kwamakati amancane esihlabathi cishe angama-40-41%.
Ukufuywa kwekati lesihlabathi
Umkhuba wemfashini wokuba umnikazi wesilwane esiyingqayizivele, ikakhulukazi ikati lasendle, awukwazanga ukungayinaki ikati lesihlabathi. Njengamanje, kungenzeka ukuthi uthenge isilonda esidala semfashini nesidume ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200-250 noma ngaphezulu. Uma ezimweni zemvelo ukukhiqizwa kwesilwane esincelisayo esidlayo kuhluka ngezikhathi ezithile futhi kugcinelwe endaweni ethile, lapho-ke ekuthunjweni amakati endunduma yesihlabathi, njengomthetho, azala unyaka wonke.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amakati we-dune kulula ukuwathambisa futhi aguqulelwe ngokuphelele ekuthunjweni, ngakho-ke ukuwagcina endlini akunzima kakhulu kunamakati ajwayelekile asekhaya. Ngaphandle kwesimo "sasendle", isilwane esincelisayo esikwaziyo ukubhekana nezidingo zemvelo kuthileyi, sazi umnikazi waso nawo wonke amalungu omndeni, futhi futhi sidlala ngokuthokoza okukhulu.
Kungalesi sizathu-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uthenge amathoyizi akhethekile enziwe ngezinto eziqinile nezinemvelo, ezizovumela isilwane ukuzithokozisa sodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodingeka uhlomise kahle ikati le-dune ngendawo ethokomele futhi efudumele ngokwanele yokuphumula nokulala.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isilwane esincelisayo esidliwayo, lapho sigcinwa ekhaya, singalimala ngezifo ezahlukahlukene zegciwane.... Ukuze kulondolozwe isilwane esingajwayelekile hhayi impilo kuphela, kepha futhi nokuphila, kuyadingeka ukulandela uhlobo lokugoma, olufana nekhalenda lokugoma lekati elijwayelekile lasekhaya:
- ukugoma kokuqala ezinyangeni ezimbili ze-panleukopenia, ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-calcium, i-chlamydia ne-herpesvirus rhinotracheitis nge-revaccination ngenyanga;
- ezinyangeni ezintathu bese kuthi ngonyaka kugonyelwe amarabi.
Ukudla kwekati le-dune kufanele kumelwe yizinhlanzi nenyama eluhlaza eluhlaza namathambo, futhi kudikibala kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukudla kwendabuko okomile noma okumanzi okuhloselwe ukondla amakati asekhaya. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukunikeza amavithamini ane-calcium. Kuyinto efiselekayo futhi ukunikeza ithuba lomzingeli ukuthi azingele izisulu eziphilayo ngezikhathi ezithile, anelise izidingo zalo zemvelo kanye nemvelo yemvelo.
Ukugcina impilo kanye nokuvikela izifo eziningi, ikati le-velvet kufanele lihambe kakhulu, ngakho-ke inketho engcono kakhulu ayihlali efulethini, kodwa emaphandleni, ekhaya elizimele elinendawo eyanele yendawo yangakini. Abazalisi, kanye nabanikazi bamakati esihlabathi anesihlabathi agcinwa ekhaya, bathi uboya besilwane esinjalo abubangeli ukungezwani komzimba, futhi inqubo yokujwayela ukuthunjwa, ngokungafani ne-serval ne-caracal, ilula futhi iyashesha.
