Zopholi kakariki (Cyanoramphus) - zingezomndeni okwandile zopholi. Lolu hlobo lwezinyoni lwaziwa nangokuthi yi-Jumping Parrot, noma lisebenza ngopholi baseNew Zealand.
Ukuchazwa kopholi kakarika
UKakariki ungowesigaba sopholi abancane abakwazi ukufihla kahle ngenxa yezimpaphe zabo eziluhlaza okotshani. Izinyoni ezinjalo zinegama lendawo yokuhlala kwazo. UKakariki uhamba ngokushesha emhlabathini, futhi afune nokudla, ethola udoti wehlathi ngezidladla eziqinile.
Ukukhalipha kopholi
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, abathandi abaningi bezinyoni ezishisayo baya ngokuya bezuza upholi we-kakarik njengesilwane esingajwayelekile... Vele, ukuthandwa okukhula ngokushesha okunjalo akubangelwa kuphela ukubukeka okukhangayo, kepha futhi nokuqonda okuthuthukile, kanye nokukwazi ukubiza amagama alula alula. Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi abesilisa kuphela abanekhono lokufunda, futhi abesifazane abavamisile ukukhombisa ukuthambekela kokulingisa.
Ukubukeka nemibala
I-New Zealand kakarik ingummeleli wezinyoni ogqamile futhi wokuqala, ongaba nombala ohlukile, ohlukahluka kuye ngezici zezinhlobo. Kungakhathaliseki izinhlobo, ubude bomzimba obudala bomuntu omdala, njengomthetho, abudluli ku-35-40 cm.
Le nyoni inesakhiwo esinyene futhi ibonakala ngokuhamba ngokweqile.... Isici se-kakarik ubukhona be-dimorphism yezocansi evezwe, ngokusho komzimba wowesifazane omncane kakhulu kunowesilisa. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ubukhulu bomlomo nenhloko yowesilisa nakho kukhulu kakhulu futhi kukhule kahle.
Okubalulekile!Lapho ukhetha isilwane esinjalo esingajwayelekile, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi i-kakarika yesifazane ihlala izolile futhi ilinganisela kangcono, futhi owesilisa, njengomthetho, uyisikhohlakali nesibi.
Izinhlobo zopholi eNew Zealand
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezine kuphela eziyinhloko ze-kakarik ezisakazekile, ezithi ezimweni zemvelo zishiwo ekubukekeni kwazo:
- upholi we-red-fronted jumping (i-Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) iyinhlobo enezimpaphe eziluhlaza okotshani. Le nyoni ibuye ibonakale ngomngcwabo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka omnyama, ohlangothini lwezimpaphe zokundiza nezimpaphe ezinkulu. Isici esivelele salezi zinhlobo ukuba khona kwekepisi elibomvu klebhu kanye nomugqa ovundlile owela iso. Uqhwaku lunensimbi yensimbi nethiphu emnyama. Ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zombala ukushintsha okuluhlaza okotshani ngombala ophuzi ngokukhanyayo ngokubomvu klebende, amachashazi amaningi;
- I-parrot-fronting jumping parrot (i-Cyanoramphus aurisers) iyinhlobo ebonakala ngezimpaphe ezinkulu eziluhlaza kakhulu, kanye nebunzi eliphuzi noma elisawolintshi nengxenye engaphambili ebomvu ebomvu. Izindawo ezimbalwa ezibomvu nazo zikhona emsileni ongenhla wale nyoni. Isici salezi zinhlobo ukuba khona komlomo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onethiphu emnyama, nomugqa obomvu omncane ngokuqhathaniswa ngenhla komlomo;
- upholi wezintaba waseNew Zealand ogxumayo (iCyanoramphus mаlherbi) iyinhlobo enezimpaphe ezinkulu eziluhlaza, isisu esiluhlaza okotshani, kanye nengxenye ebomvu engaphambili neparietali enesinyithi esincane sensimbi. Indawo yomlomo inombala wokuqala ompunga noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- upholi we-antipodal weqa (i-Cyanoramphus unicolor) iyinhlobo enezinhlamvu eziphakeme kakhulu, kanye nezimpaphe ezinkulu eziluhlaza cwe ngokuphelele. Indawo yesifuba, isisu kanye nempahla enombala ophuzi okhangayo, kanti i-elytra ibonakala ngombala ophuzi ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Indawo yomlomo ompunga ngethiphu emnyama. Izidladla nazo zinombala ompunga ophakanyisiwe, futhi iris yeso inombala ogqamile, osawolintshi.
Ezimweni zemvelo, cishe wonke ama-subspecies ahlukaniswa ngokuqhakaza okuluhlaza okwezimpaphe, kanti upholi ophuzi onebunzi elibomvu ukuguqulwa kombala okulula kopholi ojwayelekile obomvu obheke phambili.
Kuyathakazelisa!Okwesondlo sasekhaya, izazi zasekhaya zopholi abangajwayelekile zivame ukuthola upholi oqaqa ophuzi nophambili obomvu, ohlanganisa ngokuphelele ukubukeka kwangempela kanye nokuzithoba okuhlobene.
Indawo yokuhlala, izindawo zemvelo
Ezimweni zemvelo, i-kakarik ingumuntu ohlala endaweni yaseNew Zealand... Inani elibalulekile laleli hlobo lukapholi liyatholakala nakwezinye iziqhingi ezisePacific Ocean, kanye naseNingizimu Nenkabazwe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuze kube maphakathi nohlobo lweshumi nesishiyagalolunye, indawo yaseNew Zealand yayihlalwa yizinhlobo eziyisikhombisa eziyinhloko ze-kakarik, kodwa-ke izinhlobo ezintathu zaphela, kanti ezine ezisele manje zivikelwe umbuso.
Ukugcina i-kakarik ekhaya
Ukugcina i-kakarik ekhaya akunzima kakhulu, kepha ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekuhlelweni okulungile kwekheji, kanye nokuqinisekisa izimo zokunethezeka kakhulu zokugcina, kufaka phakathi ukudla okunempilo nokuhlanzeka.
Umakhalekhukhwini
Ukugcinwa kwekhaya kuhilela ukutholwa kwekheji elikhulu ngokwanele, lapho kungagcini nje kuphela ngokuphakama kwesakhiwo okuyipharamitha ebalulekile. Izici ezikhethekile ze-kakarik zichitha isikhathi esiningi emhlabathini, ngakho-ke indawo yaphansi kufanele yanele.
Kuyathakazelisa!Upholi walolu hlobo uncamela ukuhamba ngezindonga ezisemaceleni futhi uvame ukundiza esuka endaweni eya kwenye.
Inketho engcono yokugcina i-kakarik ekuthunjweni yi-aviary enamandla, okumele ifakwe egumbini elikhulu nelikhanyayo, elifudumele. Ngenqubo yokwakha indawo ebiyelwe, zonke izidingo eziyisisekelo zenyoni kufanele zibhekwe, kufaka phakathi ukuthi kungenzeka kube khona ihlobo lamahhala amahora amaningana elandelanayo.
Njengomthetho, ama-kakarik agcina umsebenzi wabo womzimba usuku lonke, futhi ebusuku kuphela upholi onjalo wasekhaya uphumula.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
Lolu hlobo lukapholi lungolwesigaba sokufuna ukwazi okwedlulele, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, cishe singenawo ngokuphelele umuzwa wokuzivikela wezinyoni, ngakho-ke, izilwane ezinjalo ezifuywayo zidinga ukuhlinzekwa ngokuqapha njalo nokunaka. Kuyadingeka ukukhipha ngokuphelele ubukhona bezinto eziyingozi nezihlukumezayo endaweni eseduze kwekheji noma i-aviary.
Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokunakekela ama-kakarik zifaka phakathi ukuhlinzeka le nyoni ngombuso wokushisa onethezekile ngo-17-20mayelanaC. Futhi ebusika, lapho usebenzisa noma imuphi umshini wokushisa, kuyadingeka ukuvula i-humidifier yekhaya. Okuphakelayo nabaphuzi abafakwe ehokweni noma ezindlini zezinyoni kufanele bahlanzwe njalo... Kufanele futhi uhlanze indlu yopholi kanye ngesonto.
Ungasondla kanjani upholi we-kakarik
Ukondla i-kakarik eyenziwe ekhaya kaningi akunzima ngisho nakubanikazi bezinyoni ezisanda kufika. Isilwane esinoboya esinjalo sidinga ukudla okunamanzi futhi okuthambile ngokwanele, okufanele kube cishe ngama-70% wokudla okuphelele kwansuku zonke. Umthamo wenhlanganisela yokusanhlamvu awunakubaluleka. UKakariki uthanda ama-oats ahlumayo namabele. Okudingekayo ukuze uthole umsoco ogcwele futhi ofanele ukusetshenziswa kwamavithamini namaminerali izengezo, isihlabathi, ushoki nesepia.
Njengokudla okunamanzi, kunconywa ukuthi unikeze ukukhetha kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezithelo nemifino, kanye namajikijolo namakhambi. Kungcono ukusebenzisa le nhloso amapentshisi nama-apricot, ama-apula kanye namapheya, kanye namagilebhisi, izaqathe nesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, iklabishi laseChina ne-kiwi. Amamiksi okusanhlamvu angaba izabelo ezilungiselelwe ngokuphelele ezenzelwe ukondla upholi abaphakathi nendawo kanye nama-canaries nanoma iyiphi inyoni yehlathi.
Kuyathakazelisa!Inqubo molting isilwane ngqo kuxhomeke izinga izici umsoco, ngoba kakariki ukuthi uvame ukuhlushwa nezimagqabhagqabha impandla eziningi futhi izimpandla on izimpaphe.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi sokuphila sama-kakarik asekhaya sincike kakhulu ekulandeleni imithetho yokugcina, ukunakekelwa kanye nezici zezinhlobo. Isikhathi sokuphila esimaphakathi sesilwane esinjalo ekuthunjweni, njengomthetho, asidluli iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu. Kodwa-ke, kunabantu asebephile iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili.
Izifo zopholi nokuvimbela
IKakariki iyasebenza kakhulu, iyahlekisa, ingeyokuqala, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, iqinile impela ngopholi bezempilo. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa okungafanele namaphutha wokudla kungaba imbangela enkulu yezifo. Ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuthinta isilwane esinezimpaphe ngezifo ezivame kakhulu, kubalulekile ukulandela izindlela zokuvimbela:
- ukubeka wonke amapholi asanda kutholakala egumbini lokuhlukaniswa isikhathi esingangenyanga;
- ukubulala amagciwane ekhejini noma ezindizeni, kanye nazo zonke izesekeli, amahlandla ambalwa ngekota;
- ukondla upholi kuphela okusha, kanye nokudla okuhlanzekile nemikhiqizo;
- ukuhlanzwa ngokuphelele kwekheji, kanye nokuwasha abaphakeli nezitsha zokuphuza;
- ukuxuba i-pair yezilwane ezifuywayo ezinezimpaphe hhayi ngaphezulu kokuphindwe kabili ngonyaka;
- ukuhlelwa komoya omuhle;
- ukwahlukaniswa kwekhaya lukapholi kusuka kuzinto ezingakapheli nakwezokushisa.
Ngenhloso yokubulala amagciwane, kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise amanzi abilayo ngokufaka i-carbon dioxide, isisombululo esingu-4% esisuselwa ku-bleach, kanye nesisombululo esingu-0.5% se-chlorophos. Ezimpawu zokuqala zokugula kwesilwane esinezimpaphe, kubalulekile ukukhombisa udokotela wezilwane.
Okubalulekile!Akufanele ukhohlwe ukuthi ezinye izifo zopholi, kufaka phakathi ufuba kanye ne-psittacosis, zingaba yingozi enkulu kubantu, ngakho-ke, ukuvakashela udokotela wezilwane ngesikhathi esifanele kuzosindisa impilo kanye nempilo hhayi kuphela isilwane esinezimpaphe, kodwa nomnikazi waso.
Kungenzeka yini ukufundisa ama-kakarik ukukhuluma
Akufanele kube khona ukukhohlisa ngokufunda i-New Zealand kakarik. Inqubo yokuphimisa amagama inzima kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo zopholi, ngakho-ke isilulumagama kungenzeka sikhawulelwe, futhi ukuphinyiselwa ngeke kube kakhulu njengenkulumo yomuntu ejwayelekile.
Thenga upholi waseNew Zealand, intengo
Lapho ukhetha futhi uthenga inkukhu yopholi yaseNew Zealand, okokuqala, kufanele unake indlela yokuziphatha nokubukeka kwale nyoni. Ngaphandle kwezinhlobo, wonke ama-kakariki angopholi abasebenza kakhulu, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuthi ukhethe ukuthula nokuzola, kanye nenyoni engenandaba. Okuncamelayo kufanele kunikezwe iphuphu elinomsindo futhi elijabulayo elinamaphimpi akhanyayo futhi acwebezelayo. Izindleko ezijwayelekile ze-kakarik cishe zingama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-3.0-3.5.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Abanikazi beKakarik badinga ukwazi ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo ezinjalo ezishisayo zithinteka kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zasendlini. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukubeka izitshalo zokuhlobisa ezinamakha nokuhlobisa okuseduze nekheji noma i-aviary. Ngesizathu esifanayo, akunconywa ukuthi kutshalwe izitshalo zokuhlobisa zasendlini ezisesigabeni sezitshalo ezinobuthi endlini.
Okubalulekile!Ngaphandle kokuthi i-kakariki ikhetha ngokudla kwabo, ikakhulukazi bathanda zonke izinhlobo zokusanhlamvu, amantongomane nemifino ehlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi noma ikuphi ukudla okucutshungulwe ngomshini kuphikiswa ngokuphelele ngopholi.
Futhi, umuntu kufanele angakhohlwa ngokwethulwa okuphoqelekile kwezithasiselo zebhayoloji, izakhiwo zamavithamini namaminerali abalulekile ekudleni kwesilwane, okuzogcina impilo yesilwane, kuvame ukubhekana nokushoda kwelanga eliningi nesimo sezulu esishisayo.
