Ekhulwini lethu leminyaka, umnenke i-Achatina kade waba ohlwini lwezilwane ezifuywayo ezithandwa kakhulu. Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi le mollusk ethakazelisayo, enkulu inqoba izinhliziyo zabantu abaningi?
Incazelo yomnenke i-Achatina
Imbaza enkulu Achatina (Achatina) yisilwane esikhulu samaphaphu esiswini esikhulu ekilasini laso. Noma ngubani angabona lo mnenke. Nguye kuphela onogobolondo olukhulu kakhulu, olujiyile, olugqamile. Iqukethe ukujika okuyisikhombisa noma okuyisishiyagalolunye. Amagobolondo eminye iminenke yabantu abadala, i-Achatina, afinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi amabili, umzimba wonke unawo cishe amasentimitha angamashumi amathathu, futhi lezi zilwane zingaba nesisindo sekhilogremu. Ngobubanzi, umzimba wezilwane ufinyelela kumasentimitha amane. Phefumula isikhumba se-Achatina. Uma ubheka kahle, ungabona isikhumba esishwabene esinokungahambi kahle kwalezi zingulube. Izimpondo zisebenza njengezitho zokuthinta ama-Achatins. Ezicebisweni zawo kukhona amehlo ezinhlwathi. Izindebe zeminenke zibomvu, nomzimba uphuzi nsundu. Ngokwesilinganiso, iminenke emikhulu ingaphila iminyaka eyishumi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Futhi bangakhula - konke ukuphila kwabo.
Hhayi e-Afrika kuphela, lapho kuvela khona le mollusk, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe, i-Achatina iyadliwa. Kepha ngokuqondene nezindawo zokudlela, kuyaqabukela bathenge lolu hlobo lwe-shellfish, ngoba inyama yabo ayinazo izinto ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitha.
Kuyathakazelisa. E-Afrika, isisindo somnenke owodwa i-Achatina sasingamagremu angamakhulu ayisithupha. Ngokuthola "ukufaneleka" okunjalo kunqunywe ukuthi kufakwe eGuinness Book of Records. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi eRussia, ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi, ama-Achatins awakwazi ukukala ngaphezu kwama-gram ayikhulu namashumi amathathu.
Ama-clams ase-African Achatina akhuliswa kakhulu ngabantu abamatasa kakhulu futhi abanaso isikhathi sokunaka kakhulu izinja, amakati, ama-hamsters nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. I-Achatina cishe ayidingi ukunakekelwa, ayidingi udokotela wezilwane futhi ayidingi ukuhamba, ngaphezu kwalokho, iyi-mollusk eyonga kakhulu futhi ethule. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzolala ngokuthula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku: ngeke uzwe umsindo, ukukhonkotha noma ukuncipha. Futhi, izingubo zakho eziyizintandokazi nefenisha akusoze konakala. Kunesizathu esanele sokuthatha nokuba nesilwane esiyingqayizivele. Ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwalesi sidalwa esihle ukuthi akubangeli ukungezwani komzimba futhi akukhiphi iphunga. Ngokusho ososayensi, Achatina ngisho ukuqeda ukucindezeleka. Ingabe umangele? Indlela okuyiyo…
Umlando omncane esihlokweni ...
Izwe lomnenke i-Achatina yi-East Africa, kepha, ngemuva kwesikhashana, lolu hlobo lwama-molluscs luvame kakhulu ukubonwa eSychelles, naseMadagascar. Kakade ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, umnenke watholwa eNdiya naseSri Lanka. Futhi ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10, imollusk yathutha ngokuphepha yayohlala e-Indochina naseMalaysia.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-Achatina iqale ukuphindaphindeka ngesivinini esiqhingini saseTaiwan, abantu bebengazi ukuthi benzeni ngayo. Lapho amaJapane eqala ukuya eningizimu, babona ukuthi izakhamizi zasePacific zakule ndawo zazijabule ngokudla inyama yalezi zinkumba, ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwesikhashana, baqala ukuziphekela lezi zimvu.
Njengoba sebekwazi ukuthi imali enhle ingatholwa ngenyama ye-Achatina, abalimi baseJapan baqala ukubazalela emapulazini abo. Kodwa-ke, enyakatho yesiqhingi saseJapan saseKyushu, ama-Achatina awahlali, yingakho ibhalansi yemvelo yemithombo yemvelo yeziqhingi zaseJapan, ngenhlanhla, ingazange yenze ushintsho olukhulu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, njengoba wazi, e-India abasazi ukuthi bazosuka kuphi kulezi zinhlwathi, badla sonke isivuno saseNdiya ngesivinini esingajwayelekile.
Muva nje, uMnyango Wezolimo waseNdiya umemezele "impi ebomvu" nama-Achatins, abalethwa lapha bevela e-Afrika ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Okuthakazelisayo ukuthi abantu base-Afrika abakhathazeki ngenani elikhulu lama-Achatin, ngoba banezitha eziyingozi kakhulu emvelweni - ama-gonaxis, aqothula umnenke, futhi ngaleyo ndlela awavimbele ukuba ande ngokushesha okukhulu.
Naphezu kokuhlasela, isikhathi eside eNdiya kwakukhona inkolelo yokuthi isobho elenziwe kusuka ku-Achatina lizosiza ukunqoba ngisho nesigaba sokugcina sesifo sofuba, ngakho-ke imollusk yalethwa kuleli nakwamanye amazwe ashisayo ngenhloso.
Kuyathakazelisa. Ukhilimu osebenza kahle kakhulu we-Achatina wokuvuselelwa kobuso wasungulwa ngabaseChile. Futhi eFrance, le minenke emikhulu sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziselwa ukwenza izimonyo zokulwa nokuguga. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abaseBrazil baqhubekela phambili futhi baqala ukudala izindlela ezikhethekile ezivela ku-mucus we-mollusks asiza ukupholisa amanxeba aqhamukile ngisho nemifantu ejulile nezilonda.
Indawo yomnenke i-Achatina
Umnenke i-Achatina gastropod uvame kakhulu emazweni ashisayo. Iningi ikakhulukazi lapho kukhula umoba: isibiliboco osithandayo. Babefuna ukuthola iminenke e-United States, kodwa iziphathimandla azizange zikuxhase ukuhlaselwa kwalezi zinhlwathi ezaqala ngekhulu elidlule. Ngendlela, e-United States umthetho uvimbela ukugcinwa kwama-Achatins ekhaya. Noma ngubani onesibindi sokwephula uzoboshwa kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu noma inhlawulo yamadola ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu. Konke kwaqala ngeqiniso lokuthi umfana ohlala eHawaii wanquma ukuvakashela ugogo wakhe eMiami. Wathatha iminenke eminingana wahamba nayo wayidedela waya engadini kagogo. Iminenke yaqala ukuzalela kuyo ngokushesha okukhulu kangangokuba ngesikhathi esifushane bakwazi ukugcwalisa wonke amasimu ezolimo aseMiami futhi babhubhisa izitshalo zasendaweni ezilinyiwe. Kuthathe iFlorida imali eningi neminyaka eminingana kwaze kwangabibikho nomnenke owodwa walolu hlobo osele e-United States.
ERussia, njengoba wazi, izimo zokuphila ezinzima kakhulu kuma-gastropods amaningi, futhi i-Achatina ngeke isinde lapha. Ungakwazi gcina kuphela ezindaweni ezifudumelenjengesilwane esizithandayo, esinenzuzo, esihehayo nesinothando kakhulu.
Iminenke yasekhaya Achatina: ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Achatina bahlala ezindaweni ezifudumele ekhaya. "Indlu" engamalitha ayishumi yanele kubo. Kepha lokhu kungenxa yokuthi unomnenke owodwa kuphela. Uma ufuna umnenke ube mkhulu, udinga ukuthenga iterrarium esayizi elifanele ngophahla ukuze i-Achatina ingakwazi ukukhasa kuyo. Kufanele futhi ifakwe izimbobo ezimbalwa. Ungahambisa nophahla lwe-terrarium kancane ukuze unikeze umoya ohlanzekile. Beka inhlabathi ekhethekile ezansi. Kungaba yi-substrate ejwayelekile. Ama-Achatins ayawathanda amanzi, ngakho-ke ungakhohlwa ukufaka isosi yamanzi. Ungakha okugeza okuncane ukuze umnenke ubhukude kuwo. Vele uqiniseke ukuthi amanzi awatheli: ama-Achatin awakuthandi ukungcola.
Akunasidingo sokusungula ukushisa okuhlukile kweminenke; izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lekamelo lizokwenza. Kodwa udinga ukucabanga ngomswakama ku-terrarium. Uma kunomswakama ngaphakathi, iminenke izokhasa phezulu, futhi uma, kunalokho, yomile kakhulu, i-Achatina iyohlala igobhoza emhlabathini. Lapho umswakama ngaphakathi kwendlu yomnenke ujwayelekile, uzobona ukuthi imollusk ikhasa kanjani izungeze i-terrarium emini, futhi izigoqa ngegobolondo layo nasemhlabathini ebusuku.
Kanye ngeviki qiniseka ukuthi ugeza ngokuphelele i-terrarium, uhlale ubheka umswakama kuyo, uma kunesidingo, fafaza inhlabathi ngamanzi. Awukwazi ukugeza i-terrarium uma umnenke usuvele ubeke amaqanda, khona-ke umswakama ngaphakathi endlini yezingane ezizayo akufanele ushintshe.
Ukudla okufanelekile kwe-giant Achatina
Ngeke kube nzima ukondla i-Achatina gastropods. Ama-Achatinas athanda imifino, izithelo nemifino. Yize ezweni lakubo ama-Achatin nawo ayedla inyama, okuthakazelisayo. Zama ukunika izilwane zakho ezihaqayo ukudla okwehlukahlukene ukuze zikujwayele ukudla noma yini ezinikezwe zona. Uma usuthisa ama-Achatine kusuka ebuntwaneni ngesaladi eliwathandayo eliluhlaza namakhukhamba amasha, ngokuzayo ngeke bafune ukudla noma yini enye. Nikeza imifino emincane yeminenke eqoshiwe, kepha iminenke emikhulu yenza umsebenzi oncomekayo ngezingcezu ezinkulu zokudla. Ubhanana, amabhilikosi avuthiwe kanye namapentshisi, ngokwesibonelo, akufanele kuphakelwe iminenke emincane. Bangamane bangene kuzona ngokuphelele bese becinywa. Nikeza ama-cubs izaqathe ezihlanzekile nama-apula ku-grater enhle kunazo zonke. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, unganikeza isaladi eluhlaza namakhambi amasha.
Ngakho-ke, ungakwazi ukondla ama-Achatins:
- Ikhabe, ubhanana, amakhiwane, amagilebhisi, ama-strawberry, ama-cherries, ama-plums, ama-apula ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene. Zama i-kiwi ne-avocado.
- Ukhukhamba, noma iyiphi pepper (ngaphandle okubabayo), isipinashi, izaqathe, iklabishi, amazambane, i-zucchini, ithanga.
- Imidumba: udali, uphizi, ubhontshisi.
- Iphalishi lifakwe emanzini ngesinkwa esimhlophe, isinkwa sokudla okusanhlamvu.
- Ukudla kwezingane.
- Amakhambi, izitshalo: i-elderberry (izimbali), imbali ye-chamomile.
- Umbala wasentwasahlobo wesihlahla sezithelo.
- Inyama egayiwe, izinkukhu ezibilisiwe.
- Okuphakelayo okukhethekile.
- Ubisi olumuncu, imikhiqizo engenashukela.
Kubalulekile ukwazi! Ungalokothi ukhethe izimbali nezitshalo ze-Achatina yakho eduzane namafektri, imigwaqo emikhulu, izindawo zokulahla udoti nemigwaqo enodaka, enothuli. Qiniseka ukuthi ugeza noma iziphi izitshalo ngaphansi kompompi.
Ama-Achatin awanakondliwa ngoswidi. Ukudla okubabayo, inyama ebhemayo nokudla okunosawoti kuyintokozo kubo! Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi i-calcium ikhona ekudleni kwansuku zonke kweminenke yasekhaya.
I-calcium iwuthinta kanjani umnenke i-Achatina?
Ukuze igobolondo lomnenke liqine, liqine futhi lakheke kahle, ukuba khona kwento ebalulekile yamakhemikhali njenge-calcium ekudleni kubalulekile kumnenke. Uma i-calcium ikhona kwabambalwa ekudleni kwe-Achatina, igobolondo ngeke livikele iminenke emvelweni wangaphandle, iyoba ntofontofo, ikhubazeke futhi ithole isimo esigobile nsuku zonke. Njengoba zonke izitho zangaphakathi zomnenke ziboshelwe eduze kugobolondo, uma kwenzeka kukhona ukulimala kulo, umnenke ngeke ukhule kahle, futhi ungafa
I-Achatina eyenziwe ekhaya inganikezwa noma yikuphi ukudla okunothe kakhulu nge-calcium. Lawa ngamagobolondo amaqanda, ifomula yokudla okunempilo etholakala ezinhlamvini ezine-calcium eningi. Lokhu okuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe kubizwa ngokuthi yi-kalcekasha. Iqukethe inhlanganisela yamabele, i-bran bran, i-gammarus, ama-eggshell, i-biovetan, kanye nokudla kwezinhlanzi. Into esemqoka ukukhetha okusanhlamvu kwekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu. Uma unikeza le calcekash iminenke encane nsuku zonke, izokhula ngokuxhuma nemingcele. Futhi, ukudla okunjalo okuhlanganisiwe kufanele kunikezwe iminenke ukubuyisa amandla abo ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda.
Ukukhiqizwa kweminenke i-Achatina
I-Achatina ama-mollusks - ama-hermaphrodites: ngokuvamile awahlukaniswanga ngabesifazane nabesilisa. Ngabe ufuna ukuzala ama-Achatins amancane? Mane uthathe noma yiziphi izimbaza zabantu abadala. Laba bantu bahlala bavundiswa ngaphakathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, yomibili iminenke ebibambe iqhaza ekukhwelweni ibekela amaqanda emhlabathini.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuzibuka zihlangana. Ama-Achatins asondelana ngaphansi kwawo, ngakho-ke, aqala ukushintshana ngamandla, uthando luchoboza - izinaliti, ezisendaweni eyodwa. Imisipha ishubile kakhulu, futhi lezi zinaliti ziphuma emthondweni womnenke bese zihlaba umzimba womlingani ngokushesha. Imicibisholo enjalo yenaliti kuminenke ingashintsha usayizi wayo njalo, ibe nkulu futhi ibe mincane.
Ama-Achatine, njengamanye ama-mollusk, anesistimu yokuzala eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. I-Spermatozoa evela kumuntu oyedwa ingena ekuvulekeni okukhethekile kokunye kancane, ngakho-ke iminenke ayivundisi ngokushesha njengezilwane. Bangakwazi nokugcina amaqanda avundisiwe isikhathi eside aze akhule kahle. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho umnenke ungadedela khona inqwaba yeminenke emhlabathini ngesikhathi.
Ukuze ama-Achatins azale kaningi, adinga ukudala zonke izimo ezidingekayo zalokhu. Isibonelo, enhlabathini engcolile, nakanjani ngeke zande. Ngakho-ke, i-terrarium kufanele ihlale ihlanzekile, kanye nomhlabathi uqobo. Kwakunezimo lapho abantu abadala base-Achatina, ababevele betshalwe kwezinye izinhlayiya, benza amaqubu amaningi amaqanda. Ngasikhathi sinye, bakhula zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemuva kokugcina ukuhlangana.
I-Achatina shellfish iyakwazi ukubambezeleka kusuka emaqanda angamashumi amane kuya kwamakhulu amathathu ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokwesilinganiso, iminenke ibekela izingcezu zamaqanda ezingaba yikhulu namashumi amahlanu. Imvamisa iminenke ngokwayo yelula ibhande lamaqanda ayo izinsuku eziningana. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-molluscs kwesinye isikhathi asabalalisa amaqanda awo emakhoneni ahlukene we-terrarium. Yize. Lokhu akuvamile, ama-Achatina ahloniphekile asetshenziselwa ukugcina wonke amaqanda awo ezansi kwamasimu endaweni efudumele efanayo.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezine (ubuningi benyanga), bamba iyavulwa, futhi kuvela kuyo iminenke ebuthakathaka, ebuthakathaka. Iminenke yezingane ayiveli ngokushesha ebusweni bomhlaba, iqala ukuhlala emhlabathini. Lapho nje iminenke izelwe, badla amagobolondo abo ukuthola i-calcium okokuqala. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, sebevele bakhasa baphume.
Uma ubheka iminenke emikhulu ehloniphekile, umuntu angasho ngokushesha ukuthi baheha ngempela ngentelezi yabo yabokufika. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuyathakazelisa ukuba ngumnikazi wemollusk enengqondo kunazo zonke yasekhaya, engadingi ukunakekelwa ngokweqile, kepha inika ukuthula nokuzola endlini kuphela.
