Vomer - inhlanzi, okuthiwa inyanga eRussia. Uphawu lokuhweba. Kodwa-ke, inhlanzi ehlukile yokuhweba yenyanga ibhekwa kuphela e-Asia, ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-4.5, okuyisilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezingamathambo.
IVomer ayidluli amasentimitha angama-60 ubude. Ukudideka kuxhunyaniswe negama lesiGreki lohlobo lweqhawe lendatshana - selene, elihumusha ngokuthi "inyanga". Uhlobo lo luyingxenye yomndeni wamahhashi i-mackerel, ngaphandle kwalokho lubhekwa njengeqembu elifana ne-perch.
Incazelo nezici zomhlanzo
Kuwo wonke ama-perches, amaphiko we-pelvic atholakala ngaphansi kwamaphiko we-pectoral. Lokhu kusebenza nakuhlanza. Kodwa-ke, amaphiko akhe okhalo ayancipha, ngamanye amazwi, athuthuki kahle. Ngakho-ke, ubunikazi bezinhlanzi kuma-perchiformes abubonakali.
Amaphiko wepectoral nawo angajwayelekile ku-vomer. Zitholakala ngemuva kwe-operculum, etholakala ngaphezu kwalena ye-ventral. Izimpande zinde, zikhonjwe emaphethelweni. Ekhuluma ngezinye izici ze-athikili ye-athikili, sisho ukuthi:
- UVomer unomzimba omude futhi oyisicaba. Ukuphakama kwayo kucishe kulingane nobude bayo.
- Emsileni, umzimba wezinhlanzi uncipha kakhulu. Ngemuva kwesiqeshana esincane, kunomsila olinganise olulinganayo.
- Imigqa yangemuva nasesiswini senhlanzi ibonakala icijile.
- UVomer unebunzi elivelele neliphezulu.
- Inhloko yeqhawe le-athikili ithatha cishe ingxenye yesine yomzimba.
- Umlomo wezinhlanzi u-oblique, uqondiswe phezulu. Amakhona omlomo, ngokulandelana, anciphisa phansi. Lokhu kunikeza inhlanzi inkulumo edabukisayo. Ubufakazi - Umhlanzo esithombeni.
- Umugqa ohlangothini weqhawe le-athikili u-arcuate, ugobile ngaphezu komkhawulo we-pectoral.
- Umgogodla wenhlanza ulandela ukwakheka kolayini ohlangothini. Ezinhlanzini eziningi, amathambo aqondile.
- Izikali ezincane zeqhawe le-athikili ziyisiliva elinemibala. Ingemuva limnyama kancane.
Amaphiko ezinhlanzi ancishisiwe aguqulwa ngesikhathi sokuphila. Kumahlanza amancane, ukukhula kwesisu kuyakhula. I-fin nayo ibonakala ngokusobala emuva kwesibili. Kumahlanza abantu abadala, imiqolo embalwa emifushane isala esikhundleni salokho.
Izinhlobo zeVomer
Kwabaningi, imibono yeqhawe le-athikili yile ukubhema, i-vomer eyomile, okuthosiwe. Inhlanzi iyinhlanzi yokuhweba, kubhekwa njengokudla. Amafutha enyameni angama-4% kuphela, kanti amaprotheni angaphezu kuka-20%. Izinga lenyama ngokwengxenye lithonywe yi liphi ihlanza... Okukhulu kakhulu futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, inyama ethambile kunhlanzi yasePacific.
I-Vomer eyomile
Ama-Ichthyologists anikela ngokwawo, okungewona okwe-gastronomic ukwahlukaniswa kwabahlanza. Zihlukaniswe i-Atlantic enkulu nePacific encane. Lezi zokugcina zihlanganisa iBrevorta, iSelenium yaseMexico nasePeru.
Kokugcina, umhlane wesibili unciphiswe ngokwezigaba ngokobudala. I-vomer kanye nama-brevorts aseMexico agcina zombili amaphiko okugcoba kuyo yonke impilo yabo. Owokuqala uboniswa njengogongolo olude.
Zonke izinhlobo zasePacific azinazilinganiso. Lokhu kwenza lula ukupheka umhlanzo... Kumnandi ukudla izinhlanzi ezomisiwe, ezibhemayo noma ezibhakiwe, ezingenawo amapuleti anamathele emazinyweni.
Amahlanza e-Atlantic afaka i-Afrika, i-Common, ne-West Atlantic. Owokugcina nguyena omkhulu emndenini. Ngobude obungamasentimitha angama-60, inhlanzi inesisindo esingu-4.5 kilograms. Ubuningi babamele izinhlobo ezivamile abudluli ku-2.1 kilogram. Ubude bezinhlanzi obungamasentimitha angama-48.
Amahlanza amancane kunawo wonke e-Atlantic yi-Afrika. Ubude bayo bungamasentimitha angama-38, kanti isisindo sayo singu-1.5 kilograms. Ukubhema izinhlobo, njengezinye, ziguqula umbala wezinhlanzi. Iphenduka isiliva ibe nsundu ngokuphuzi.
Izici zokuziphatha nendawo yokuhlala kwezinhlanzi
Bonke abahlanzayo bayizinhlanzi zesikole. Zihlala ezansi ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-80-50, kwesinye isikhathi zikhuphukela kukholamu lamanzi. Indawo ehlala kuyo incike ohlotsheni lwezinhlanzi. Izinhlobo ze-Atlantic zihlelwe kanjena:
- Izinhlobo ze-West Atlantic zitholakala ngasogwini lwaseCanada, e-Argentina nase-United States.
- Umhlanzo ovamile uvamile emanzini asogwini lwaseCanada nase-Uruguay.
- Ububanzi bezinhlobo zase-Afrika busuka ePortugal buye e-Afrika.
Izindawo zokusabalalisa izinhlobo zezilwane zasePacific zicacile ngamagama azo. Ihlukaniswa yikhwalithi yenyama, ngabahlanza basePacific ababanjwa ngenkuthalo. Okubaluleke kakhulu izinhlobo zasePeruvia. E-Ecuador, kwakudingeka ukuthi ivinjelwe okwesikhashana ukudoba. Izinhlobo ezinkulu seziyekile ukuhlangana futhi isibalo semfuyo sinciphile.
AmaVomer juveniles agcina emanzini ahlanzekile eduze nogu, angena emilonyeni yemifula. Izinhlanzi ezindala ziyagcwala ezikoleni kude ngamamitha angamakhulu ambalwa ukusuka ogwini. Into esemqoka ukuthi phansi kunodaka.Ukuhlanganiswa kwesihlabathi kungenzeka.
Iqhawe lalesi sihloko liyinhlanzi yasebusuku. Emini, abahlanza baphumula kukholamu yamanzi. Ebusuku, lezi zilwane zithola ukudla. Lapho kungekho ukukhanya, ukukhanya kwabahlanza uqobo kubonakala ngokusobala. Ziyakhanya njengenyanga.
Izinhlobo ezingenasici zivela zingaguquki. Uma ubheka inhlanzi nge-engela engu-45 degrees ukusuka ngaphambili noma emuva, ayibonakali. Kuyindlela yokuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla inyama ezifuna ukudla i-vomer.
Izephulamthetho zivame ukuhlasela nge-engela engu-45 degree. Umphumela wokubonisa obala kungenxa yokuba khona kwama-nanoscopic, amakristalu ahlangene esikhunjeni seqhawe le-athikili. Bahlukanisa ukukhanya.
Ukudla kukaVomer
Okomndeni wamahhashi i-mackerel, i-vomer, njengabanye abamele bayo, iyisilwane esidla ezinye. Izifiso ze-athikili ye-athikili zincike ngosayizi. Ama-vomers amancane adla ukudla kwawo kuma-crustaceans nase-shrimps. Izinhlanzi zidla gazinga zikhudlwana. Ama-Vomers kwesinye isikhathi adla izikelemu zasolwandle. Azikho izinhlanzi zenyanga ngaphandle kwamanzi anosawoti.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ama-Vomers ayizinhlanzi ze-viviparous. Ngamanye amagama, izilwane azizaleli amaqanda, kepha zikhiqiza gazinga okwenziwe ngomumo. Abazali babo bayenqaba ukubavikela. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila, inzalo ishiywa yodwa.
Lokhu futhi inzuzo nokulimaza. Umhlanza wenhlanzi uphoqeleke ukuba ajwayele ngokushesha amaqiniso olwandle. Okunamandla kuyasinda, ngokuphendula okusheshayo. Lokhu kuqinisa inani labantu. Kodwa-ke, izinombolo zayo ziyahlupheka. Ebuntwaneni, ama-80% wefry we-vomer ayafa. Okuhlukile kukhona ama-aquarium broods.
Kodwa-ke, ekuthunjweni, abahlanza bayanqikaza ukuzala. Ngokungafani nenhlanzi yenyanga, i-vomer evame ukuhlanganyela ngayo negama, iqhawe le-athikili liphila iminyaka eyi-10 esikhundleni seminyaka eyi-100. Endle, abantu abavamile "ukuwela" umkhawulo weminyaka engu-7.
Ungayipheka kanjani i-vomera
UVomera ubizwa nangokuthi yinhlanzi yobhiya. Lokhu kukhuluma ngokuhambisana kwenyama yeqhawe le-athikili nesiphuzo esinamagwebu. Ngokuvamile, ama-vomers ayomile. Njenganoma iyiphi inhlanzi ye-mackerel, iqhawe le-athikili nalo lihle ngemuva kokubhema okushisayo.
Umhlanzo obhemayo
Kuyalulekwa ukubhaka inhlanzi enkulu kuhhavini, kepha itrifle ikhipha wonke amajusi lapho, iba brittle futhi ibe yirabha. Izindlela zokupheka zokuhlanza i-vomer nazo ziyafaneleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitsha ezimbalwa zansuku zonke:
1. Umhlanzo obhakwe... Udinga izinhlanzi ezi-6, amagremu angama-60 yemifino nebhotela lilinye, usawoti ukunambitha. Isitsha sihlotshiswe ngezingcezu zedile nolamula. Inhlanzi ithosiwe kusengaphambili emafutheni omnqumo, iyakhanywa futhi ifakwe usawoti. Uhlangothi ngalunye lokusikeka kwenyama kuthatha imizuzu emithathu. Ezinye izinhlanzi eziyi-15 zibhakwa esikhumbeni kuhhavini.
2. I-vomer eyosiwe... Udinga i-1.5 kilograms yenyama. Ngokwengeziwe, amamililitha angama-60 kawoyela womnqumo nengxenye kalamula ayathathwa. Usawoti kanye nopelepele kufakwa esitsheni ukunambitha. Hlikihla izinhlanzi ngezinongo, ufafaze ijusi lewolintshi. Amafutha ayadingeka ukugcoba i-grill grill. Kusala ukuthosa izinhlanzi kuze kube yithenda. UVomer ukhonzwa ngemifino esitshulu.
3. Umhlanzi othungiwe onemifino... Inhlanzi idinga ikhilogremu. Anyanisi, upelepele, igalikhi ithathwa emifino. Lesi sakamuva sidinga ama-clove amathathu. Upelepele no-anyanisi kuthathwa izingcezu ezi-2. Izithako ezingeziwe - ufulawa kakolweni, upelepele ogayiwe, uwoyela wemifino, amanzi.
IVomer ibhakwe ngezimfanzi, ulamula nemifino
Iziphuzo zithelwa kumamililitha ayi-100. Ufulawa udinga amagremu angama-90. Izingcezu ze-Fillet zithelwa kuzo bese zithosiwe epanini. Lapho kuqhamuka uqweqwe lwegolide, le nhlanzi idluliselwa epanini elingaphansi.
Imifino ethosiwe kumafutha asele ibekwa lapho futhi ithelwe ngamanzi. Igalikhi eqoshiwe nezinongo kungezwa kumhluzi obilisiwe. Ibilisiwe imizuzu eyi-10. Ethosiwe futhi ebhakwe, i-vomer inhle ngo-ukhilimu omuncu nesosi egalikhi. Ukuze isidlo siqhubeke nokudla, umkhiqizo wobisi uthathwa kumafutha ama-5-10%.
