URattlesnake obomvu (iCrotalus ruber) ungowe-squamous oda.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwenyoka ebomvu.
I-rattlesnake ebomvu isatshalaliswa ezifundeni zaseSouth California, eSan Bernardino, eLos Angeles, e-Orange, eRiverside, e-Imperial naseSan Diego. ENingizimu California, itholakala emngceleni kuyo yonke inhlonhlo naseziqhingini zase-Angel de la Guarda, eDanzante, eMontserrat, eSan Jose, eSan Lorenzo de Sur, eSan Marcos, eCedros, eSanta Margarita.
Izindawo zokuhlala zenyoka ebomvu.
Unyoka obomvu uhlala ehlane noma ezihlahleni ezisempumalanga ezingasogwini. Kuhlala amahlathi ophayini-oki, amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo futhi ngezikhathi ezithile amadlelo nezitshalo. Kuvame ukutholakala ezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu. Engxenyeni eseningizimu yebanga, i-red rattlesnake ithanda izindawo ezinamatshe angamadwala. Lolu hlobo lwenyoka lugwema izindawo ezinezimboni futhi alunqeni ukuwela imigwaqo emikhulu.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zenyoka ebomvu.
Ochwepheshe babona okungenani izinhlobo ezingaphansi ezine zenyoka ebomvu. Engxenyeni esenyakatho yebanga, lezi zinyoka zibomvu ngezitini, zibomvu-mpunga, umbala onsundu ngokubomvana ngesisu esinsundu ngokukhanyayo. Eningizimu yeCalifornia esezansi, zivame ukuba nsundu noma nsundu ngombala womnqumo ngombala.
Iphethini elibomvu onsundu likhona ohlangothini lomgogodla womzimba, futhi lungahlukaniswa ngomugqa omhlophe noma we-beige engxenyeni engaphambili yomzimba. Iphethini yakhiwa izingcezu ezingama-20-42, yize kuvame ukuba ngama-33- 35. Inani lamaphethini amancane amnyama angaba ohlangothini. Izikali ze-Dorsal ziboshwe ngaphandle kwameva, ngaphandle kwemigqa ye-lateral 1-2. Ingxenye esondelene naleyo yokuxaka imnyama futhi umsila unamasongo amnyama ayi-2-7. Abantu abahlala ezifundeni zamazwekazi banezigigaba eziyizigaba eziyi-13.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinyoka eSan Lorenzo de sur zilahlekelwa yizingxenye ngesikhathi se-molting, futhi cishe uhhafu wezinyoka kulezi zindawo azinawo ama-rattles. I-rattlesnake ebomvu inekhanda elingunxantathu, libomvu ngombala omnyama ohlangene osuka enqenqemeni engezansi leso uye ekhoneni lomlomo. Umugqa wombala okhanyayo ugijima ngaphambili. Imigodi yokubamba ukushisa itholakala nhlangothi zombili zekhanda, phakathi kwamakhala namehlo. Ubude besisindo somzimba bungu-162.5 cm, yize ezinye izinyoka zingama-190.5 cm ubude.Duna likhulu kunabesifazane.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwenyoka ebomvu.
Isikhathi sokukhwelana ngamarakesnakes abomvu siqala ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi, yize ukuhlangana kokuthunjwa kungenzeka unyaka wonke. Abesilisa bathungatha abesifazane, ukukhwelana kuthatha amahora ambalwa. Insikazi izala izingane izinsuku eziyi-141 - 190, izala amawundlu amathathu kuya kwangama-20. Izinyoka ezincane zivela ngoJulayi kuya kuDisemba, imvamisa ngo-Agasti noma ngoSepthemba. Ziyafana nezabantu abadala futhi zingama-28 - 35 cm ubude, kepha zipendwe ngombala ompunga ongaconsi phansi. Isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuphila kwezinyoka ezibomvu saqoshwa ekuthunjweni - iminyaka eyi-19 nezinyanga ezimbili.
Ukuziphatha kwenyoka ebomvu.
Ama-rattlesnakes abomvu agwema ukushisa okukhulu futhi asebenze ngezikhathi ezipholile. Ziba sebusuku kusukela entwasahlobo nasehlobo lonke.
Lezi zinhlwathi zivame ukulala ubusika kusukela ngo-Okthoba noma ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari noma ngoMashi.
Ama-rattlesnakes abomvu abhukuda emachibini anamanzi angenasawoti, amadamu, ngisho nasePacific Ocean, kwesinye isikhathi abadobi abesabekayo. Kodwa-ke, abagezanga emanzini ngokuzithandela, kepha bavele bakhukhulwa yimvula enamandla bangena emfuleni. Lezi zinyoka ziyakwazi futhi ukukhuphuka ezihlahleni eziphansi, i-cacti kanye nezihlahla, lapho zithola khona inyamazane ezihlahleni, zihlasele izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane.
Abesilisa bahlela "imidanso" yesiko, ephenduka umncintiswano phakathi kwezinyoka ezimbili ngesikhathi sokuzala. Kulokhu, ama-rattlesnakes aphakamisa umzimba phezulu bese ewola ngokuzungezile. Indoda edonsa ngempumelelo owesilisa obuthakathaka phansi iwina.
Ekuqaleni, lezinhlangano zaziphutha njengesiko lokukhwelana, kepha kwavela ukuthi yile ndlela abesilisa abancintisana ngayo ukukhomba okuqine kakhulu. Ama-rattlesnake abomvu yizinyoka ezolile futhi akuvamile ukuba nolaka. Lapho besondela kubo, bahlala bezolile noma bafihla amakhanda abo kuphela. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlasela inyoka noma uyikhiphela ekhoneni, khona-ke ithatha ukuma kokuzivikela, igoqe, futhi ikhiphe umsindo.
Ubukhulu bendawo edingekayo ekuzingeleni buyehluka kuye ngesizini.
Ngenkathi efudumele, lapho izinyoka zisebenza kakhulu, umuntu oyedwa udinga amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-0.3 kuye ku-6.2 ukuze aphile. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, isiza sincishiswe kakhulu saba ngamamitha-skwele ayi-100 - 2600. Abesilisa banezindawo ezinkulu ezingazodwana uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane, kanti izinyoka zasogwadule zisakazeka emabangeni amakhulu kunezinyoka ezisogwini. Izinyoka ezibomvu zixwayisa izitha zazo ngomsindo omkhulu ngomsila wazo. Ukwenza lokhu, basebenzisa imisipha ekhethekile engakwazi ukuzungeza izingqinamba ezingama-50 ngomzuzwana okungenani amahora amathathu. Ukuxokozela akusetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuzivikela.
Ngokuphendula izinsongo, ama-rattlesnake abomvu nawo angavuvukala futhi ahluthe isikhathi eside. Zithola izisulu kanye nabangaba ngabalingani ngokushaywa okubonakalayo, okushisayo kanye nephunga.
Umsoco obomvu we-rattlesnake.
Ama-rattlesnake abomvu aqamekela izilwane ezizingelayo futhi azingela ubusuku nemini. Isisulu sitholakala kusetshenziswa izimpawu zamakhemikhali nezisetshenziswa ekubukeni. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, izinyoka zihlala zinganyakazi futhi zishaya, lapho inyamazane iseduze, ihlala kuphela ukubamba nokujova ushevu. Izinyoka ezibomvu zidla amagundane, ama-voles, amagundane, onogwaja, izingwejeje zomhlaba, izibankwa. Izinyoni nezidumbu akuvamile kudliwe.
Okusho umuntu.
Izinyoka ezibomvu zilawula inani lezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane ezibhubhisa izitshalo zezolimo futhi zisakaze izifo. Lolu hlobo lwenyoka luthathwa njengolunolaka oluncane futhi lunobuthi obuncane obunobuthi kunezinhlwathi eziningi ezinkulu zaseMelika. Kodwa-ke, ukulunywa kungaba yingozi impela.
Ubuthi buqukethe umphumela we-proteolytic, futhi umthamo we-100 mg we-poison ubulala abantu.
Izimpawu zokulunywa i-red rattlesnake zibonakala ngokuba khona kwe-edema, ukushintsha kombala kwesikhumba, isimo sokopha, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukopha emitholampilo, i-hemolysis necrosis. Ubuhlungu bezinyoka ezindala bunamandla aphindwe kayi-6 kuya kayi-15 kunobuthi bezinyoka ezincane. ENingizimu California, abantu abangu-5.9% abalunyiwe baxhumane nenyoka ebomvu. Ukuhlinzekwa ngosizo lwezempilo ngesikhathi esifanele kuzovimbela ukufa.
Isimo sokongiwa kwenyoka ebomvu.
I-rattlesnake ebomvu eCalifornia iyancipha ngesibalo, okuyisongo esikhulu ukuqothulwa kwezinyoka ezihlala ezindaweni ezisogwini nasemadolobheni. Cishe amaphesenti angamashumi amabili ebangeni lomlando alahlekile ngenxa yentuthuko yezimboni yezindawo. Inani labantu lehla ngamanani ngenxa yokufa kwezinyoka emigwaqeni, imililo, ukulahleka kwezimila kanye nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni jikelele. I-rattlesnake ebomvu ibalwe yi-IUCN njengezinhlobo ezingakhathazeki kangako.
