I-Ocicat (i-Ocicat eyazalwa) iyinhlobo yamakati afuywayo ngaphandle afana namakati asendle, ama-ocelots anamabala, ngokufana okunegama layo.
Ekuqaleni, kwakusetshenziswa amakati amaSiamese nawase-Abyssinia ekudalweni kohlobo, kwase kwengezwa i-American Shorthair (isiliva tabby), base bebanikeza umbala wesiliva, isakhiwo somzimba nezindawo ezihlukile.
Umlando wozalo
Umfuyi wokuqala kwakunguVirginia Dale, waseBerkeley, eMichigan, owela ikati lase-Abyssinia nelikaSiamese ngo-1964. UDale wenza uhlelo, abalingiswa abaphambili babo bekuyikati lase-Abyssinia kanye nekati elikhulu laseSiamese elinemibala yephuzu lokuvala.
Njengoba umbala wamakati ase-Abyssin uzuzwe ngofuzo oluvelele, amazinyane azelwe ayefana nelase-Abyssinia, kepha futhi ayephethe nezakhi zofuzo ezingapheli zekati laseSiamese. UDale waluka omunye wamakati owazalwa nompetha, ikati likashokoledi laseSiamese. Futhi kule doti kwazalwa amazinyane amantombazane, uDale ayewafuna, ombala wase-Abyssinia, kodwa enamaphuzu ekati lamaSiamese.
Kodwa-ke, udoti olandelayo wawungalindelekile ngokuphelele: kwazalwa kuwo ikati elimangalisayo, elinamabala anethusi. Bambiza ngoTonga, indodakazi yenkosikazi yamqamba igama lokuthi i-Ocicat, ngokufana ne-ocelot yasendle.
UTonga lwaluhlukile futhi luhle, kepha inhloso kaDale kwakuwukwenza isiphambano phakathi kweSiamese ne-Abyssinian, ngakho-ke wasithengisa njengekati lesilwane esifuywayo. Kodwa-ke, kamuva, watshela izakhi zofuzo ngaye uClyde Koehler, wase-University of Georgia. Wayezijabule kakhulu lezi zindaba, ngoba wayefuna ukuphinda enze ikati lokudoba laseGibhithe, kepha hhayi lasendle, kepha elasekhaya.
UKohler uthumele uDale uhlelo oluningiliziwe lokuthi uTonga lube umsunguli wohlobo olusha. Ngeshwa, uhlelo lwalungelona iqiniso, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi wayesethenjiwe kakade. Kodwa-ke, elinye ikati elibonakalayo, uDalai Dotson, lazalwa ngabazali bakhe, futhi umlando wohlobo lwaqala ngokusemthethweni. KwakunguDalai owangena esikhundleni soTonga, futhi waba ngubaba wohlanga olusha.
I-Ocicat yokuqala (Tonga) emhlabeni, ikhonjiswe embukisweni owawubanjwe yi-CFA ngo-1965, futhi ngo-1966 le nhlangano yaqala ukubhaliswa. UDale ubhalise uDalai Dotson futhi waqala ukuzalanisa.
Ngaphandle kokuthi amakati ayehlukile futhi ehlaba umxhwele, iqiniso lokubhaliswa alisho lutho, lo mhlobo ungahlala usencane. Abanye abalimi nabo bajoyina lolu hlelo ngokuwela amakati amaSiamese nawase-Abyssinia noma amamestizo avela emakati e-Siamese.
Ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa, kwenziwa iphutha futhi lo mhlobo wachazwa njenge-hybrid phakathi kwe-Abyssinian kanye ne-shorthair yaseMelika. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, waqashelwa futhi wafakwa ikati lamaSiamese, kepha abalimi sebevele bawela ne-American Shorthair. Futhi umbala omuhle wesiliva wala makati wadluliselwa ohlotsheni olusha.
Ubukhulu nobukhulu bemisipha yezinwele ezimfishane nakho kwabonakala kuzici ze-Ocicat, yize ekuqaleni lolu hlobo lwalufana namakati amahle aseSiamese.
Ngaphandle kokuqala okusheshayo, ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo akuzange kusheshe kangako. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha, uDale kwadingeka athathe i-hiatus yeminyaka eyi-11 ukuze anakekele ilungu lomndeni eligulayo. Futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi wayeyimbangela yokuthuthukiswa kohlobo olusha, inqubekela phambili yehlile.
Futhi wakwazi ukubuyela kuye kuphela eminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili yokuqala, futhi wakwazi ukuthola ukuqashelwa okugcwele. Umhlobo lo wabhaliswa yi-CFA (The Cat Fanciers 'Association) ngoMeyi 1986, futhi wathola isikhundla sokuba ngumpetha ngo-1987. Ukulandela le nhlangano ebalulekile, kwaqashelwa nakwabancane. Namuhla, ama-Ocicat ajwayelekile emhlabeni wonke, athandwa ngohlamvu lwawo lwasekhaya, kepha ngasikhathi sinye asendle.
Incazelo yohlobo
Lawa makati afana ne-ocelot yasendle, nezinwele zawo ezimfushane, ezinamabala futhi ezinamandla, ezibukeka zinolaka. Banomzimba omkhulu, oqinile, izidladla zemisipha ezinamabala amnyama namaphakethe anamandla, ama-oval.
Umzimba uyisiphambano phakathi komusa wamakati asempumalanga namandla wesifinyezo saseMelika.
Inkulu futhi inemisipha, igcwele amandla namandla, futhi inesisindo esikhulu kunalokho okulindele. Amakati avuthiwe ngokobulili anesisindo esisuka ku-4.5 kuye ku-7 kg, amakati asuka ku-3.5 kuye ku-5 kg. Isikhathi sokuphila cishe iminyaka eyi-15.
Izidladla ezinamandla zimbozwe yimisipha, yobude obuphakathi, ngokulingana nomzimba. Ama-paw pads ama-oval futhi ahlangene.
Inhloko imise okwekhanda, ende kunebanzi. Isifonyo sibanzi futhi sichazwe kahle, ubude baso bubonakala kuphrofayili, futhi umhlathi onamandla uyabonakala. Izindlebe zitshekile engeli yama-degree angama-45, kunalokho zinkulu, ziyazwela. Amasentshisi noboya nezindlebe kuhlanganisiwe.
Amehlo ahlukaniswe kabanzi, amile okwe-alimondi, yonke imibala yamehlo yamukelekile, kufaka phakathi okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ijazi liseduze nomzimba, lifushane kepha lide ngokwanele ukwamukela imivimbo eminingana yokuthikha. Iyacwebezela, ibushelelezi, i-satin, ayinalo nokuncane ukushelela. Unombala okuthiwa i-agouti, njengamakati ase-Abyssinia.
Uma ubhekisisa amabala, uzobona izindandatho zombala ohlukile kunwele ngalunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthikha kunabo bonke uboya, ngaphandle kwethiphu yomsila.
Iningi lezinhlangano livuma imibala ehlukene eyi-12 yalolo hlobo. Ushokoledi, onsundu, isinamoni, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, obomvu nokunye. Konke kufanele kucace futhi kuqhathaniswe namabala amnyama ngemuva nasemaceleni. Izindawo ezikhanya kakhulu zitholakala eduze kwamehlo nasemhlathini ophansi. Okumnyama kakhulu ekugcineni komsila.
Kepha into ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu ngombala yizindawo ezimnyama, ezahlukile ezihamba emzimbeni. Ngokufanelekile, imigqa yamabala ihambisana nomgogodla kusuka emahlombe kuya emsileni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabala ahlakazekile phezu kwamahlombe nemilenze yangemuva, iya kude ngangokunokwenzeka ekugcineni kwemilenze. Isisu sinamabala. Uhlamvu oluthi “M” luhlobisa isiphongo futhi kufanele kube nezindawo eziyindandatho ezinsinini nasemphinjeni.
Ngo-1986, i-CFA yavimbela ukuzalanisa ama-Siamese nama-American Shorthairs. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kwandiswe ichibi lezakhi zofuzo kanye nokugcina impilo yohlobo, ukuzala ngokwe-Abyssinian kwavunyelwa kuze kube nguJanuwari 1, 2015. E-TICA, ukuwela namakati ase-Abyssinia namaSiamese kuvunyelwe, ngaphandle kwemingcele.
Uhlamvu
Uma wazi othile ocabanga ukuthi amakati uyahlanya futhi akanabungane, vele umethule kwi-Ocicat. Lawa amakati athanda imindeni yawo kodwa futhi athanda nokuhlangana nabantu abasha. Bahlangana nabantu abangabazi ngethemba lokuthi bazophathwa noma badlalwe ngabo.
Bayathandana futhi banenhlalo kangangoba impilo endlini lapho kungekho muntu usuku lonke ilingana nomsebenzi onzima kubo. Uma ungakwazi ukusebenzisa isikhathi sakho esiningi ekhaya noma uphuthelwa umsebenzi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthola ikati lesibili noma inja ezoba nobungane kuye. Enkampanini enjalo, ngeke babhoreke futhi bagule.
Umndeni ohamba phambili kubo yilowo lapho wonke umuntu ematasa futhi esebenza khona, njengoba evumelana kahle nezinguquko, ebekezelela ukuhamba kahle futhi ezoba ngabangane abahle kulabo abavame ukushintsha indawo abahlala kuyo.
Babona ngokushesha amagama abo (kepha kungenzeka bangaphenduli kuwo). Ama-Ocicats ahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi ukuwagcina ematasa indlela engcono ukuqala ukuqeqesha noma ukufunda amaqhinga amasha.
Ngeke kulimaze abanikazi bazo ukwazi ukuthi banethalente hhayi kuphela amaqhinga owafundisa wona, kodwa nalabo ababazifundelayo.
Isibonelo, ukuthi uvula kanjani ikhabethe elinokudla noma ukukhuphuka eshalofini elikude. Ama -crobats, anelukuluku futhi ahlakaniphile (kwesinye isikhathi ahlakaniphe kakhulu), ahlala ethola indlela eya kulokho akufunayo.
Ngokuvamile, abanikazi bayaqaphela ukuthi la makati ayafana nokuziphatha ezinjeni, nabo bahlakaniphile, bathembekile futhi bayadlala. Uma ubakhombisa okufunayo noma ongakufuni, ngokwesibonelo, ukuze ikati lingagibeli etafuleni lasekhishini, uzosheshe athole, ikakhulukazi uma umnikeza enye indlela. Isihlalo esifanayo sasekhishini angabuka kuso ukudla okulungiswayo.
Ngobuhlakani nobungcweti, ama-Ocicats angafika noma ikuphi ekhaya lakho, futhi angavame ukutholakala ekubuka kusuka ekhabethe eliphezulu. Awu, amathoyizi ...
Bangaguqula noma yini ibe yinto yokudlala, ngakho-ke ungaphonsa izinto eziyigugu ezindaweni ezifinyelelekayo. Iningi labo liyakujabulela ukuletha ibhola, kanti abanye bazolahla ithoyizi labo abalithandayo ebusweni bakho ngo-3 ekuseni.
Isikhathi sokudlala!
Njengokhokho babo, banezwi elikhulu kakhulu, abangeke bangabaze ukulisebenzisa uma befuna ukudla noma ukudlala. Kepha, ngokungafani namakati aseSiamese, akananhlonipho futhi uvala izindlebe.
Ukunakekela
Akukho ukunakekelwa okukhethekile okudingekayo. Njengoba ijazi lifushane kakhulu, akuvamile ukuthi kudingeke ukulugunda, futhi kuthatha isikhathi esincane. Udinga ukugeza ngisho nangaphansi kakhulu. Ukunakekela izindlebe nezinzipho akuhlukile nokunakekela ezinye izinhlobo zamakati, kwanele ukuwahlola njalo nokuwahlanza noma ukuwasika.
Ngokuvamile, lawa ngamakati afuywayo, angahloselwe impilo egcekeni noma emgwaqweni, yize ekwazi ukuhamba ngaphakathi kwemingcele yendlu yangasese, ngoba awahambi kude nayo. Into esemqoka ukuthi ikati alikhathali futhi lizizwe lifunwa, yilapho kulapho kukhona khona isisekelo sokunakekelwa.
Ezempilo
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi izifo ezibhalwe ngezansi ziyisikhumbuzo kuphela sokuthi zingaguliswa yini. Njengabantu, ithuba akusho ukuthi bayoba njalo.
Ama-ocicat ngokuvamile aqinile futhi angaphila kusuka eminyakeni eyi-15 kuya kwengu-18 ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukhumbula, zadalwa ngokubamba iqhaza kwezinye izinhlobo ezintathu, futhi zonke zinobunzima bazo ngezofuzo.
Izinkinga zofuzo zivame ukuqoqeka phakathi neminyaka futhi zidluliswa zisuka kwesinye isizukulwane ziye kwesinye. Isibonelo, kusuka emakati e-Abyssinian bathola i-renal amyloidosis noma i-amyloid dystrophy - ukwephulwa kwamaprotheni metabolism, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.
Ukushoda kwePyruvate kinase (PKdef) yisifo esizuzwe njengefa - i-hemolytic anemia, ebangela ukungazinzi kwamaseli abomvu egazi, nayo iyenzeka kweminye imigqa.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi kukhulunywe ngokuqhubekayo kwe-retinal atrophy emakati, lesi sifo sibangela ukuwohloka kwe-photoreceptors esweni. E-Ocicats, lesi sifo singatholakala sesivele sineminyaka engama-7 ubudala, ngosizo lokuhlolwa kwamehlo, amakati agulayo angaba yimpumputhe ngokuphelele ngeminyaka engu-3-5.
I-retrophy atrophy idalwa yisakhi sofuzo se-autosomal, okumele kutholakale amakhophi amabili ukuze lesi sifo sikhule. Ethwele ikhophi elilodwa lofuzo, amakati amane awudlulisele esizukulwaneni esilandelayo.
Alikho ikhambi lalesi sifo, kepha kwenziwa izivivinyo zofuzo e-United States ukusithola.
I-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, ejwayelekile emakati e-Siamese, nayo iyinkinga ebucayi yezofuzo.
Yisifo senhliziyo esisetshenziswa kakhulu, esivame ukuholela ekufeni okungazelelwe phakathi kweminyaka yobudala emi-2 nengu-5, kuya ngokuthi ikhophi elilodwa noma amabili esakhiweni sitholakele yini. Amakati anamakhophi amabili avame ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
