Impisi enamabala iyisilwane esincelisayo somndeni wempisi. Baziwa futhi njengezihlelo ezihlekayo zobukhulu base-Afrika.
Incazelo yempisi ebonisiwe
Laba bameleli bezilwane badume ngolaka lwabo olubi.... "Ngokudumile" zibhekwa njengezilwane ezinolaka, ezinobugwala ezidla izidumbu. Ngabe kufanele yini ukuthi isihambi esingenalo ulwazi e-Afrika sibhekane nezingozi eziningi. Impisi enamabala ingenye yazo. Kaningi zihlasela ngamaphakethe ebusuku. Ngakho-ke, maye kusihambeli esingazange sibase umlilo futhi sabeka izinkuni ubusuku bonke.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ubuhlakani bezenhlalo zempisi enamabala buhambisana nezinhlobo ezithile zezinambuzane. Ukukhula kwabo kwengqondo kuyisinyathelo esisodwa esiphakeme kunezinye izidumbu, ngenxa yesakhiwo se-cortex engaphambili yobuchopho.
Kukholakala ukuthi okhokho bale mpisi enamachaphazelo baphaphalaza besuka kwimpisi yangempela (emthende noma ensundu) ngesikhathi sePliocene, eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyisi-5.332- 1.806 yezigidi edlule. Okhokho abanamabala bezimpisi, ngokuziphatha okuthuthukile kwezenhlalo, ingcindezi eyandisiwe evela ezimbangi yabaphoqa ukuba "bafunde" ukusebenza eqenjini. Baqala ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinkudlwana. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izilwane ezifudukayo zazivame ukuba yizisulu zazo. Ukuvela kokuziphatha kwempisi bekungekho ngaphandle kwethonya lamabhubesi - izitha zabo eziqondile. Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisile ukuthi kulula ukusinda ngokwakha ukuziqhenya - imiphakathi. Lokhu kwasiza ukuzingela nokuvikela izindawo zabo kahle kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, inani labo lenyukile.
Ngokomlando wezinsalela, uhlobo lokuqala lwavela e-Indian Subcontinent. Izimpisi ezinamabala zakha iMiddle East ngamakholoni. Kusukela lapho, indawo yokuhlala yempisi, kanye nokubukeka kwayo, kushintshe kancane.
Ukubukeka
Ubude bempisi ebonwayo buyaguquguquka esifundeni esingamasentimitha angama-90 - 170. Kuya ngocansi, ukukhula kanye nobudala, ukuphakama kungama-85-90 cm. Ijazi elide limboza kuphela intamo, linikeze umuzwa wokukhanya okulula. Umbala womzimba unombala onsundu nge-muzzle omnyama, ofana nesifihla-buso. Izinwele zempisi enamabala zimbozwe ngamabala amnyama. Kwabanye abantu, inombala obomvu kancane esifundeni se-occipital. Umzimba wempisi unomzimba otshekile onamahlombe aphezulu nezinqulu eziphansi. Umzimba wabo omkhulu, oyindilinga umi ngezidladla ezimpunga ngokuncane, ngasinye sinezinzwane ezine. Izinyawo zangemuva zifushane kancane kunezangaphambili. Izindlebe ezinkulu eziyindilinga zibekwe phezulu ekhanda. Ukuma kwesifonyo sempisi enamabala kufushane futhi kubanzi ngentamo ewugqinsi, ngaphandle kubukeka njengenja.
I-dimorphism yezocansi iphinyiselwa ekubukekeni nasekuziphatheni kwezimpisi ezinamabala. Abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa ngenxa ye-testosterone eyeqile... Abesifazane banokuningi kunabesilisa. Ngokwesilinganiso, izimpisi ezinamabala abesifazane zinesisindo esingu-10 kg ezisindayo kunezeduna futhi zinomzimba onemisipha ethe xaxa. Banolaka kakhulu.
Kufanele futhi sikhulume ngezwi lakhe. Impisi enamachashaza ikwazi ukukhiqiza imisindo efika ku-10-12 eyahlukene, ehlukaniswe njengezimpawu zezingqangi. Ukuhleka, okufana nokukhala okuningana, kusetshenziselwa ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu. Izilwane zingabingelelana zisebenzisa ukububula nokuncinza. Ungase futhi uzwe kubo "bayagigitheka", bahewule futhi bahehe. Isibonelo, ukubhonga okuphansi ngomlomo ovaliwe kufanekisela ulaka. Impisi ingenza umsindo onjalo emhlambini lapho kusondela ibhubesi.
Impendulo kwizimpawu ezifanayo ezivela kubantu abahlukene nayo ingahluka. Abahlali bomhlambi baphendula izingcingo zabesilisa "ngokungathandi", ngokulibaziseka, emisindweni eyenziwe yinsikazi - ngokushesha.
Indlela Yokuphila
Izimpisi ezinamabala zihlala emindenini emikhulu, kusuka kubantu abayishumi kuya kwabayi-100. Lokhu ikakhulukazi abesifazane, bakha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi umndeni we-matriarchy, oholwa yi-alpha female. Bamaka indawo yabo futhi bayivikele kwezinye izimpisi. Kukhona isigaba sabaphathi esiqinile ngaphakathi komndeni phakathi kwabesifazane abancintisana ngesikhundla senhlalo. Abesifazane balawula abesilisa ngokubonisa okunolaka. Abesifazane bahlukaniswe ngeminyaka. Abantu abadala asebekhulile babhekwa njengabakhulu, badla kuqala, bakhiqize inzalo enkulu kakhulu. Bonke abanye abanawo amalungelo anjalo, kepha basesezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu kunabesilisa.
Abesilisa futhi banezinhlobo ezithile zokwehlukaniswa ngemigqa efanayo. Abesilisa abaqavile banokufinyelela okwengeziwe kwabesifazane, kodwa bonke njengomuntu oyedwa bakhothamela "abesifazane" bephakethe. Mayelana nesimo esinzima kangaka sezindaba, amanye amaduna avamise ukugijimela kweminye imihlambi ukuzalanisa.
Kuyathakazelisa!Izimpisi ezinamabala zinomkhuba wokubingelela obanzi ngokuhogela nokukhotha izitho zangasese zomunye nomunye. Impisi enamabala iphakamisa umlenze wayo wangemuva ukujwayela ukuze omunye umuntu akwazi ukuwunuka. Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezinobungane kakhulu zinezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke zezinkawu.
Izizwe ezahlukahlukene zingalwa zodwa emzabalazweni wensimu. Umbango ophakathi kwezimpisi ezinamachashaza unonya. Baziphatha ngendlela ehlukile ngezabo izingane. Amathole azalelwa emgodini womphakathi. Abafowethu nodadewabo bobulili obufanayo bazolwela ukubusa, balume bodwa futhi badale amanxeba abulalayo kwesinye isikhathi. Umnqobi uzophatha yonke inzalo aze afe. Inzalo yobulili obuhlukile ayincintisani.
Ihlala isikhathi eside kangakanani impisi?
Endaweni yayo yemvelo, impisi enamabala ihlala cishe iminyaka engama-25, ekuthunjweni ingaphila kuze kufike kumashumi amane.
Indawo yokuhlala
Indawo yokuhlala yempisi enamabala ikhethwa ama-savanna, acebile ezilwaneni eziyingxenye yokudla akuthandayo.... Zitholakala futhi ezingwadule ezisemihlathini, emahlathini, emahlathini aminyene omile, nasemahlathini asezintabeni aze afike ku-4000m ukuphakama. Bahlola amahlathi aminyene nezingwadule. Ungahlangana nabo e-Afrika usuka eKapa leGood Hope uye eSahara.
Ukudla okunezimpisi
Ukudla okubalulekile kwempisi kuyinyama... Phambilini, bekunenkolelo yokuthi ukudla kwabo bekuyizidumbu kuphela - izinsalela zezilwane ezingazange zidliwe ezinye izidumbu. Lokhu akulona iqiniso, izimpisi ezinamabala ngokuyinhloko zingabazingeli. Zizingela cishe ama-90% wokudla kwazo. Izimpisi ziyodoba zodwa noma ngomhlambi oholwa ngumholi wesifazane. Zivame ukuzingela imifino emikhulu edla imifino. Isibonelo, izinsephe, izinyathi, amadube, izingulube zasendle, izindlulamithi, obhejane nezimvubu. Bangaphinde badle ngomdlalo omncane, imfuyo kanye nokufa.
Kuyathakazelisa!Naphezu kwamakhono abo okuzingela athuthukile, abakhethi ngokudla. Lezi zilwane ngeke zidelele ngisho indlovu ebolile. Izimpisi seziyizilwane ezihlasela kakhulu e-Afrika.
Izimpisi ezinamabala ikakhulu zizingela ebusuku, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ziyasebenza emini. Zihamba kakhulu zifuna inyamazane. Impisi enamabala ingafinyelela isivinini esingamakhilomitha angama-65 ngehora, okuyinika amandla okuhambisana nomhlambi wezinhlwathi noma ezinye izilwane futhi ibambe isisulu sayo. Ukuluma okunamandla kusiza impisi ukunqoba isilwane esikhulu. Ukulunywa kanye entanyeni kudabula imithambo yegazi emikhulu yesisulu. Ngemuva kokubanjwa, ezinye izilwane zomhlambi zisiza ukukhipha isisulu. Abesilisa nabesifazane bangakulwela ukudla. Njengomthetho, owesifazane uyayinqoba le mpi.
Imihlathi enamandla yempisi enamabala ingakwazi ukubamba ngisho noqhwa olujiyile lwesilwane esikhulu. Isisu siphinde sigaye yonke into kusukela ezimpondweni kuye ezinsikeni. Ngalesi sizathu, indle yalesi silwane kaningi imhlophe. Uma inyamazane inkulu kakhulu, impisi ingafihla enye yayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izitha zemvelo
Izimpisi ezinamabala zilwa namabhubesi. Lesi cishe yisitha sabo kuphela futhi esihlala njalo. Engxenyeni ephelele yokufa kwezimpisi ezinamabala, ama-50% abulawa ngamazinyo ebhubesi. Imvamisa kuyindaba yokuvikela imingcele yomuntu siqu, ukwehlukanisa ukudla namanzi. Ngakho kwenzeka emvelweni. Izimpisi ezinamabala zizobulala izingonyama namabhubesi abulale izimpisi ezinamabala. Ngesikhathi esomile, isomiso noma indlala, amabhubesi nezimpisi bahlala belwa bodwa endaweni.
Kuyathakazelisa!Inzima impi phakathi kwezimpisi namabhubesi. Imvamisa kwenzeka ukuthi izimpisi zihlasela amawundlu engonyama angenakuzivikela noma abantu abadala, abahlaselwa ngenxa yazo.
Emzabalazweni wokudla nobukhulu, ukunqoba kuya eqenjini lezilwane ezinamanani amaningi. Izimpisi ezinamabala, njengezinye izilwane, zingaqothulwa ngabantu.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Impisi enamachashazi ingakhiqiza inzalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, asikho isikhathi esithile esibekiwe salokhu. Izitho zangasese zabesifazane zibukeka zingahambisani nalutho. Bathole lesi sakhiwo ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-testosterone egazini. I-vulva ihlangana ibe ngamafolda amakhulu futhi ibukeke njenge-scrotum namasende. I-clitoris inkulu kakhulu futhi ifana ne-phallus. Isitho sowesifazane sangasese sidlula kulo mbumbulu-mbumbulu. Ngokukhwelana, insikazi ingaguqula i-clitoris ukuze owesilisa akwazi ukufaka ipipi lakhe.
Owesilisa uthatha isinyathelo sokuqala sokushada. Ngokuhogela, iyaqonda lapho insikazi isilungele ukukhwelana. Owesilisa wehlisa ikhanda lakhe phambi “kwenkosikazi” yakhe njengophawu lwenhlonipho bese eqala ukuthatha isinyathelo esinqumayo kuphela ngemuva kokuvunywa kwakhe. Imvamisa, abesifazane bahlangana nabesilisa abangewona amalungu omndeni wabo. Kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi izimpisi zingaya ocansini ngenjabulo. Bazibandakanya nakwizenzo zobungqingili, ikakhulukazi abesifazane nabanye besifazane.
Isikhathi sokubeletha kwempisi esinamabala siyizinyanga ezine... Amantshontsho azalwa emgodini wamazinyane esekhule ngokugcwele, ngamehlo avulekile namazinyo akheke ngokuphelele. Izingane zinesisindo esisuka ku-1 kuye ku-1.5 kg. Ziyasebenza impela kusukela ekuqaleni. Ukubeletha kuyinqubo enzima kakhulu yempisi enamabala, lokhu kungenxa yesakhiwo sesitho sayo sangasese. Izinyembezi ezinzima zokuphulukisa ezithweni zangasese zingenzeka, okubambezela kakhulu inqubo yokutakula. Imvamisa, ukubeletha kugcina ngokufa kukamama noma kwengane.
Owesifazane ngamunye uncelisa izingane zakhe izinyanga eziyi-6-12 ngaphambi kokulunyulwa (ukulunyulwa ngokugcwele kungathatha ezinye izinyanga ezi-2-6). Mhlawumbe, ukuphakelwa okude kangako kungenzeka ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwemikhiqizo yethambo ekudleni. Ubisi lwe-hyena olunamabala lunothe kakhulu ngezakhi zomzimba ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwezingane. Inenani elikhulu kakhulu lamaprotheni emhlabeni, futhi ngokuya ngokuqukethwe okunamafutha, ingeyesibili kuphela kubisi lwebhere elimhlophe. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okunamafutha aphakeme kangako, owesifazane angashiya umgodi wokuzingela izinsuku ezingama-5-7 ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngesimo sezingane. Ama-hyena amancane abhekwa njengabantu abadala kuphela ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
ENingizimu Afrika, eSierra Leone, eRound, eNigeria, eMauritania, eMali, eCameroon, eBurundi, izibalo zabo zisengcupheni yokushabalala. Kwamanye amazwe, inani labantu liyancipha ngenxa yokuzingela nokuzingela ngokungemthetho.
Okubalulekile!Izimpisi ezinamabala zibhalwe kuRed Book.
EBotswana, inani lalezi zilwane lingaphansi kombuso. Imigodi yabo iyasuswa lapho kuhlala khona abantu; esifundeni, impisi ebonwayo isebenza njengomdlalo. Ingozi ephansi yokuqothulwa eMalawia, eNamibia, eKenya naseZimbabwe.
