Kunzima ukucabanga ngomuzi wesimanje ngaphandle kokufuya izinkukhu. Ngokukhetha uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhulisa nokugcina inkukhu, kungumthombo wamaqanda anomsoco nenyama emnandi.
Wonke umlimi noma umfuyi wemfuyo uyazi ukuthi ngokwenani lamaprotheni akhiqizwa ngonyaka, izinkukhu zidlula ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Njengamanje, ukuzalanisa inkukhu kwehlukaniswe ngezindawo eziyinhloko ezintathu:
- Ukuzalela izinkukhu zamaqanda
- Izinkukhu ezizaliswayo zenyama
- Isiqondiso esihlanganisiwe
Ngaphandle kwenyama yenkukhu edliwayo, amaqanda ayisisekelo esikhulu sezinkukhu. Kukho konke ukuphila kwayo, inkukhu iyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-700 anesilinganiso sokuphila sesikhukhukazi seminyaka emithathu.
Izici nokugcinwa kwezendlalelo
Lapho kuzalaniswa ukubeka izikhukhukazi kufanele unake ngokwanele igumbi lapho izinkukhu zizohlala khona. Imvamisa izinkukhu zitholakala esibayeni esivamile sezilwane, kepha igumbi elihlukile lehhoko lezinkukhu kungaba yisixazululo esinengqondo.
Ekhaya, kanye nasepulazini, izinkukhu zizizwa zizinhle emakamelweni avulekile, akhanyayo, ashisayo. Ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele kufanele kungene ehhokweni lezinkukhu, futhi kuhlelwe nokukhanyisa okwenziwe ukuze kwandiswe amahora emini njengoba kudingeka.
Phansi ekamelweni kufanele kome, ngaphandle kukakhonkolo; i-sawdust eyomile ilungile njengokulala. Ngoba izidleke zokubeka izikhukhukazi indawo ethule nenqwaba yotshani ilungile, khona-ke inkukhu izokuhlela yona.
Ukufuya izikhukhukazi inikeza indawo yokuhamba ehlobo lapho izinkukhu zizovikeleka khona ezinyonini ezidla inyama, izimpungushe, ama-ferrets nezinye izinsongo. Ngalokhu, indawo yokuhamba kufanele ibiyelwe ngenetha noma i-trellis, kufaka phakathi ngenhla, noma ubeke le ndawo ngaphansi kwezihlahla.
Njengoba unikezwe ukuthi izinkukhu ziyathanda ukumba phansi, akufanele uvumele izinkukhu zingene ezingadini zemifino, ezindlini zokugcina izithombo nasemabhodleleni.
Amakhulu amadwala inyama yenkukhu. Izikhukhukazi zizalela amaqanda zenziwa unyaka wonke, ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha uhlobo lokuzalela ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake isimo sezulu esikhona esifundeni lapho kuzalaniswa khona.
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu namuhla yiLeghorn, Orlovskaya, White Leghorn, Loman Brown nezinye. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kwalezi zinkukhu kudlula amaqanda angama-200 ngonyaka, kuthi okwedlule kudlule okungama-300.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yezinkukhu ezifuywayo
Empilweni yonke Ukubeka izikhukhukazi ayihlukile kakhulu. Izinyoni zisebenza kakhulu ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Ukudla okulungile, amahora emini alinganiselayo, ukunakekelwa okufika ngesikhathi - konke lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sokunakekelwa okunempilo kwezikhukhukazi ezibekwayo.
Ehlobo izinkukhu ezifuywayo uzizwe ukhululekile emigwaqweni nasesibayeni sezinkukhu noma esibayeni esivamile, lapho kwakhiwe khona iqhude ebusuku.
Ebusika, ukubeka izikhukhukazi kufanele kube ngaphandle uma izinga lokushisa lomoya livuma. Ukweqa umzimba ngokweqile emzimbeni kungadala ukwehla kokuzivikela komzimba, imikhuhlane futhi, esimweni esibi kakhulu, kube nokufa. Indlela yokuphila yezinyoni ebusika ihluke kakhulu ekuziphatheni kwasehlobo.
Emakhazeni amakhulu, kungakuhle ukuhlela ukushisa kwehhoko lezinkukhu, ngoba ukushintsha okungazelelwe kokushisa kunomphumela omubi enanini lamaqanda angabekwa izikhukhukazi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungafaka i-cooler kawoyela ehhokweni lezinkukhu bese uyivula ngamandla amancane. Ngesimo sezulu esibanda isikhathi eside, kufanele ucabange ngokushisa okukhulu kakhulu, isibonelo, isitofu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi indlela yokuphila kwezikhukhukazi nokuziphatha kwayo kukhombisa isimo esijwayelekile senkukhu. Isikhukhukazi esinempilo siyasebenza, sifuna ukudla usuku lonke, futhi singabeka nsuku zonke ngonyaka waso wokuqala wokuphila.
Ukuziphatha kokungenzi lutho kwale nyoni yikholi yokuqala edinga ukubheka impilo yezinkukhu. Phakathi kwezimpawu zokuqala zokugula kwenyoni, umuntu angakhomba ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, ukungathandi ukudla, amehlo avaleke uhhafu, njll.
Ukuzihlukanisa ngesikhathi esifanele inyoni egulayo kungavimbela ukutheleleka kwabanye abantu, kanye nokuthenga isikhathi sokwelashwa kwenyoni enesifo.
Ukondla izikhukhukazi
Ukondla izikhukhukazi yilokhu okunquma ikhwalithi yempilo yenkukhu ezalayo uqobo lwayo, inyama etholwe ngenxa yalokho, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ikhwalithi yeqanda eliphumayo. Inkukhu okunomsoco kufanele ilinganiswe, nokuqukethwe okwanele kwamavithamini namaminerali.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akukho kudla okungakulungele ukondla izinkukhu. Kubandakanya isinkwa esimnyama nama-rusks kuso, okubangela ukwanda kwe-asidi esiswini, amaqebelengwane amnandi ngezizathu ezifanayo, ukudla okunamafutha okufana nesoseji, umhluzi onamafutha, njll., Ubisi noshizi okungagayeki emzimbeni wezinkukhu ezibekiwe futhi kungadala i-dysbiosis.
Gwema ukupha izinkukhu isinkwa esikhuntile nempahla ebhakwe yonakele, ihlume namazambane aluhlaza. Konke lokhu kudala ubuthi nemiphumela engathandeki.
Ehlobo, izikhukhukazi ezifuywayo ezifuywayo ziyakwazi ukuzitholela ukudla okusha ngenkathi zihamba ezindaweni ezivulekile, kufaka phakathi notshani obuluhlaza, ezingabutholi ebusika. Ebusika kumele inikezwe izikhukhukazi zizalela izikhukhukazi inani elanele lamavithamini angabuyisela ukudla kwasehlobo okusha.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Izikhukhukazi ezibeka njalo benza umsebenzi wabakhiqizi bamaqanda, kepha hhayi inzalo. Inzalo evela ekubekeni izikhukhukazi ekuzalelweni kwasekhaya ingatholwa kuphela kusetshenziswa isikhutha esikhethekile.
Amatshwele wokuzalela ku-incubator ahlukaniswe izigaba ezi-3. Izinga lokushisa elihle kakhulu ngowokuqala lingu-38 ° C kumswakama ongu-58-60%. Esigabeni esilandelayo, izinga lokushisa elifanele lizoba ngu-37.6 ° С ngo-55% umswakama, kuthi kowokugcina kube ngu-37-38 ° С kanye no-70% umswakama.
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi i-incubator kufanele ibe nomoya omuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kudingeka umoya omusha ukuze imibungu ikhule kahle. Okuqukethwe okuphelele komoya-mpilo kuzoba ngama-21%, isikhutha emoyeni - okungadluli ku-0.12%.
Kanye ngehora, amathileyi anamaqanda kufanele azungeziswe ama-45 ° ukuze umbungu unganamatheli endaweni eyodwa yegobolondo. Iphuphu likhule ngokugcwele cishe emavikini amathathu.
Ngeshwa, akuzona zonke izinkukhu ezichanyuswayo ezilungele ukuzaliswa okuqhubekayo okunenzuzo. Amachwane anesisu esiyindilinga, inkaba evaliwe nokuhle phansi angaphansi kwesigaba sokuqala, esithathwa njengesihle kakhulu sokuzalisa.
