Ingwenya yasePhilippines noma iMindorian (Crocodylus mindorensis) yatholwa okokuqala ngo-1935 nguKarl Schmidt.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zengwenya yasePhilippine
Ingwenya yasePhilippines iyinhlobo encane yezingwenya zamanzi angenasawoti. Banomphetho ongaphambili obanzi ngokwedlulele nezembatho zempi ezisindayo emhlane wabo. Ubude bomzimba bungamamitha ayi-3.02, kepha iningi labantu lincane kakhulu. Abesilisa bacishe babe ngamamitha ayi-2.1 ubude nabesifazane ngamamitha ayi-1.3.
Izikali ezinwetshiwe ngemuva kwekhanda zisuka ku-4 ziye ku-6, izikali zesisu eziguqukayo zisuka ku-22 ziye ku-25, nezikali ezi-12 eziguqukayo maphakathi nomzimba womzimba. Izingwenya ezincane zinsundu ngokusagolide ngaphezulu zinemigqa emnyama eguqukayo, futhi zimhlophe ohlangothini lwazo lwangaphakathi. Njengoba ukhula, isikhumba sengwenya yasePhilippines siba mnyama sibe nsundu.
Ukusabalala kwengwenya yasePhilippine
Ingwenya yasePhilippines kudala yahlala eziqhingini zasePhilippine - iDalupiri, iLuzon, iMindoro, iMasbat, iSamar, iJolo, iBusuanga neMindanao. Ngokuya ngemininingwane yakamuva, lezi zinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zikhona eNyakatho Luzon naseMindanao.
Izindawo zezingwenya zasePhilippines
Ingwenya yasePhilippines ithanda amaxhaphozi amancane, kodwa futhi ihlala emithonjeni yemvelo engajulile yamanzi kanye namaxhaphozi, amadamu okufakelwa, imifudlana engajulile, imifudlana yasogwini namahlathi emihlume. Itholakala emanzini emifula emikhulu enemisinga esheshayo.
Ezintabeni, isakazeka ezindaweni eziphakeme kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-850.
Kubhekwe eSierra Madre emifuleni esheshayo enama-rapids nezindishi ezijulile ezigcwele amatshe e-limestone. Usebenzisa imigede yamadwala njengezindawo zokukhosela. Ingwenya yasePhilippines nayo icasha emigodini egudle ugu lomhlabathi olunesihlabathi nobumba.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwengwenya yasePhilippines
Abesifazane nabesilisa bezingwenya zasePhilippines baqala ukuzala lapho benobude bomzimba obungamamitha ayi-1.3 - 2.1 futhi bafinyelela isisindo esingaba amakhilogremu ayi-15. Ukuqomisana nokukhwelana kwenzeka ngesikhathi esomile kusuka kuDisemba kuya kuMeyi. I-Oviposition ivame ukusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti, ngokuzala okuphezulu ekuqaleni kwenkathi yemvula ngoMeyi noma ngoJuni. Izingwenya zasePhilippines zenza i-clutch yesibili ezinyangeni ezi-4 kuya kwezi-6 ngemuva kwezokuqala. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zingaba namabhaxa afinyelela kwamathathu ngonyaka. Ubukhulu be-Clutch buhluka kusuka emaqanda ayi-7 kuye kwangama-33. Isikhathi sokufukamela emvelweni sihlala izinsuku ezingama-65 - 78, 85 - 77 ekuthunjweni.
Njengomthetho, ingwenya yesifazane yasePhilippines yakha isidleke onqenqemeni noma osebeni lomfula, ichibi ebangeni elingamamitha ama-4 - 21 ukusuka onqenqemeni lwamanzi. Isidleke sakhiwa ngenkathi eyomile kusuka emaqabungeni omile, amahlumela, amaqabunga oqalo nomhlabathi. Inokuphakama okuphakathi kuka-55 cm, ubude bamamitha ama-2, nobubanzi bamamitha ayi-1.7. Ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda, iduna nensikazi liyashintshana ngokubuka ibamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insikazi ivakashela isidleke sayo njalo ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa.
Izici zokuziphatha kwengwenya yasePhilippine
Izingwenya zasePhilippines ziziphatha kabi kakhulu komunye nomunye. Izingwenya ezincane zikhombisa ubudlova obungenakuqhathaniswa, zakha izindawo ezihlukene ngesisekelo sokubonakaliswa okunolaka esivele ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Kodwa-ke, ulaka lwe-intraspecific alubonwa phakathi kwabantu abadala futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngazimbili zezingwenya ezindala zihlala emzimbeni ofanayo wamanzi. Izingwenya nazo zabelana ngezindawo ezithile emifuleni emikhulu ngesikhathi sesomiso, lapho izinga lamanzi liphansi, futhi ziyahlangana emachibini angajulile nasemifudlaneni ngesikhathi semvula lapho izinga lamanzi liphezulu.
Ibanga eliphezulu nsuku zonke elihamba owesilisa lingu-4.3 km ngosuku namakhilomitha ama-4 kowesifazane.
Eyesilisa ingahamba ibanga elikhudlwana, kodwa kancane. Izindawo zokuhlala ezithandekayo zengwenya yasePhilippines zinezinga lokugeleza elijwayelekile kanye nokujula okuncane, futhi ububanzi kufanele bube ngaphezulu. Ibanga elijwayelekile phakathi kwabantu cishe lingamamitha angama-20.
Izindawo ezinezimila ngasogwini lwechibi zithandwa izingwenya ezincane, izingane, kanti ezindaweni ezinamanzi avulekile nezingodo ezinkulu, abantu abadala bakhetha ukuzifudumeza.
Umbala wesikhumba wengwenya yasePhilippines ungahluka ngokuya ngemvelo noma imo yezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemihlathi ebanzi evulekile, ulimi olukhanyayo oluphuzi noma oluwolintshi luyisibonakaliso sesixwayiso.
Ukudla kwezingwenya zasePhilippines
Izingwenya ezincane zasePhilippines ziyadla:
- iminenke,
- imfanzi,
- ojekamanzi,
- inhlanzi encane.
Izinto zokudla zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezindala yilezi:
- inhlanzi enkulu,
- izingulube,
- izinja,
- ama-malay civets,
- izinyoka,
- izinyoni.
Ekuthunjweni, izilwane ezihuquzelayo ziyadla:
- izinhlanzi zasolwandle namanzi angenasawoti,
- ingulube, inyama yenkomo, inkukhu kanye nenyama,
- imfanzi, inyama egayiwe namagundane amhlophe.
Okusho umuntu
Izingwenya zasePhilippines zibulawa njalo ngenxa yenyama nesikhumba kusukela ngawo-1950 kuya kowe-1970. Amaqanda namachwane asengozini kakhulu kunezingwenya ezindala. Izintuthwane, ukuqapha izibankwa, izingulube, izinja, ama-mongoose anemisila emifushane, amagundane nezinye izilwane zingadla amaqanda esidlekeni esingagadiwe. Ngisho nokuvikelwa komzali kwesidleke kanye nenzalo, okuyi-adaptation ebalulekile yezinhlobo ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, akusindisi ekubhujisweni.
Manje lolu hlobo lwesirhubuluzi luyivelakancane kangangoba akunangqondo ukukhuluma ngezilwane ezidliwayo ngenxa yesikhumba esihle. Izingwenya zasePhilippines ziwusongo olungaba khona emfuyweni, yize zingavamile ukubonakala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala manje ukuthi zibe nomthelela omkhulu enanini lezilwane ezifuywayo, ngakho-ke ukuba khona kwazo akuthathwa njengokuwusongo ngqo kubantu.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwengwenya yasePhilippine
Ingwenya yasePhilippines isohlwini olubomvu lwe-IUCN olunesimo esisengozini yokuqothuka. Okushiwo kusiThasiselo I CITES.
Ingwenya yasePhilippines ivikelwe yi-Wildlife Act kusukela ngo-2001 kanye ne-Wildlife Bureau (PAWB).
UMnyango Wezemvelo Nemithombo Yemvelo (IDLR) ngumzimba obhekele ukuvikela izingwenya nokugcina indawo yazo yokuhlala. I-MPRF isungule uhlelo lukazwelonke lokuvuselela izingwenya ePhilippines ukusindisa lezi zinhlobo ekuqothulweni.
Inkulisa yokuqala eSilliman University Environmental Center (CCU), kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobo ezingavamile, zixazulula inkinga yokubuyiswa kabusha kwalezi zinhlobo. I-MPRF futhi inezivumelwano eziningi nama-zoo eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu, e-Australia kanye nokuqalisa izinhlelo zokulondolozwa kwesilwane esihuquzelayo esiyingqayizivele.
IMabuwaya Foundation isebenza ukonga izinhlobo ezingandile, yazisa umphakathi ngebhayoloji kaC. Mindorensis futhi ineqhaza ekuvikelweni kwayo ngokwakhiwa kweziqiwi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zocwaningo ziyasetshenziswa ngokuhlanganyela nohlelo lweCagayan Valley Environmental Protection and Development Programme (i-CVPED). Izitshudeni zaseDashi nezasePhilippines zidala imininingwane yolwazi mayelana nengwenya yasePhilippines.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgCVVAZOPWs
