Indawo yokulala yaseHazel - isidalwa esincanyana nje esihle, sibheka ukuthi, uthuthwa ngokungazithandi, izithombe ze-perky hamster kanye ne-squirrel eyingungu ngokushesha ziyavela emqondweni wakho. Lobu buhle obomvu obomvu bumele umndeni wakhe wama-sleepyheads, ubizwa nangokuthi i-musket. Abaningi abakaze bezwe nangesilwane esinjalo, ngakho-ke kuzoba mnandi kakhulu ukufunda kabanzi ngomlingiswa waso nendlela yokuphila.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: IHazel dormouse
IHazel dormouse (muschlovka) isilwane esincelisayo somndeni we-dormouse nokuhleleka kwamagundane. Ngaphandle, ifana kakhulu ne-squirrel, incishiswe ngosayizi kuphela, futhi ubukhulu bayo buyafana nobamagundane. Kuwo wonke umndeni wayo, i-hazel dormouse yincane kakhulu.
Ubunzima bomuntu omdala bungaba ngama-gramu angama-27 kuphela, njengoba nje nendlu yokulala eyondliwe kahle, esezongena ebusika, inesisindo. Lapho isilwane sivuka, isisindo saso siyehliselwa ku-15 - 17 amagremu. Ubude bomzimba we-hazel dormouse busuka ku-7 kuye ku-9 cm, kungabalwa umsila, ubude bawo obungu-6 noma 7 cm.
Ividiyo: IHazel dormouse
Kuwo wonke ama-dormouse, noma ngabe i-dormouse yasehlathini, noma i-dormouse yensimu, i-hazel iyindawo ephakeme kakhulu, isb. isilwane sichitha isikhathi saso esiningi phakathi kwamagatsha ezihlahla, ngakho-ke sikhuphuka kahle kuzo. Imilenze ye-hazel dormouse yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuze ikhululeke kuye ukudabula umqhele ominyene. Kuneminwe emine esandleni selungu, ubude bayo obucishe bufane, uzwane lokuqala onyaweni luncane kunolunye futhi lubheke kubo.
Lapho unyakaza futhi ugxuma emagatsheni ezihlahla, amabhulashi e-hazel dormouse avula cishe ama-degree angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lesi silwane esincane esingajwayelekile singathanjiswa; i-hazel dormouse ingahlala ekhaya, njenge-hamster ejwayelekile noma ingulube ye-Guinea. Umnikazi kuphela okufanele acabangele iqiniso lokuthi uyisilwane sasebusuku. Noma kunjalo, umuntu akufanele adidanise i-hazel dormouse ne-squirrel noma igundane, yize nayo iyigundane, kodwa eyomndeni ohlukile wedormice.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: I-Animal hazel dormouse
Ngaphandle, i-hazel dormouse yinhle kakhulu futhi iyaheha. Ikhanda layo elihlanzekile, eliyindilinga linekhala elibomvana elikhombe kancane namehlo amnyama agqamile, njengobuhlalu obukhulu obukhulu obucwebezelayo. Izindlebe ze-musket zincane futhi ziyindilinga. Ngemuva kokubuka i-dormouse, uyabona ukuthi zihamba njengezindawo zokuhlala, futhi ngayinye ingajika ngezindlela ezihlukile.
Enye yezinzuzo ze-hazel dormouse yizintshebe zayo ezinde (i-vibrissae), ubude bayo obulinganiswa nobude cishe besigamu somzimba we-musket. Ukuphela kwentshebe ebucayi ngayinye kugobile kancane. Isilwane sinamazinyo ayishumi nambili, emahlathini amazinyo e-dormouse kunephethini ebukeka njengekama. Ama-incisors we-musket abukhali kakhulu, ngoba ngawo angaluma kalula igobolondo le-nut eliqinile.
I-hazel dormouse inekhono eliyingqayizivele lamathambo eliyivumela ukuthi linciphise ngokuma, ngakho-ke isilwane singazigoqa sibe yibhola elincane bese singena kunoma yimuphi umsele omncane. Izitho ze-dormouse zinokuguquguquka okukhulu, okusiza isilwane ukuba sihambe ngobuciko emagatsheni ezihlahla. Ijazi le-hazel dormouse alide, limnandi kakhulu futhi lithambile.
Umbala woboya ungaba:
- nsundu;
- inhlaka;
- i-terracotta;
- ikhanda elibomvu;
- ngokubomvu okumpunga.
Imvamisa ekhanda, emsileni nasemhlane, uboya buba bomvu ngombala, kuthi esiswini naphakathi kwezitho kube mhlophe okakhilimu. Iphuzu lomsila lingaba nsundu noma mhlophe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umsila we-hazel dormouse awumude nje kuphela, kepha futhi u-fluffy impela. Kungaba nezindawo ezikhanyayo esifubeni.
Endlini yokulala encane ye-hazel, ijazi loboya linombala ongacabangi, ovame ukuba mpunga.
Ihlala kuphi i-hazel dormouse?
Isithombe: IHazel dormouse Red Book
Indawo yokuhlala i-hazel dormouse ibanzi impela. Lesi silwane siyisakhamuzi esivamile e-Europe, ngaphandle kweSpain nePortugal, esizinze eningizimu yeGreat Britain neSweden, ebhaliswe enyakatho neTurkey. Ezweni lakithi, i-hazel dormouse ihlala emahlathini esifundeni saseVolga, eCiscaucasia, eCaucasus nasendaweni yaseDnieper. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi silwane siyivelakancane endaweni yaseRussia, ngoba sincane kakhulu ngenombolo.
IHazel dormouse yizilwane ezihlala phansi ezinezindawo zazo. Ubukhulu besabelo esinjalo kumuntu wesifazane bungahlala cishe isigamu sehektare, emadodeni izindawo ziphindwe kabili ukuphakama. Izilwane ziyaxhumana kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Into ebalulekile ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona amakhowe kungotshani obuminyene, ikakhulukazi obuvela ku-hazel, akulona ize lelo dormouse ukuthiwa yi-hazel.
USonya angahlala entabeni yomlotha, i-rosehip, i-viburnum bush. Ama-oki amancane, i-linden ne-ash groves ithandwa kakhulu yikhowe. Izithelo zezithelo ziyikhaya elihle lezidalwa ezincane. Akulungile ukucabanga ukuthi balimaza izihlahla zezithelo, i-dormouse, kunalokho, inegalelo ekupholiseni kwabo impova.
IHazel dormouse ithanda amahlathi ahlabayo, axubekile namahlathi e-coniferous akamkhangi kangako. Lesi silwane singatholakala eduze kwemigwaqo yezwe neyamahlathi, emaphethelweni, endaweni enezintaba, i-dormouse ayihambi ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha amabili.
Idlani i-hazel dormouse?
Isithombe: IHazel dormouse
Imenyu ye-hazel dormouse iningi lemifino. Kulula ukuqagela ukuthi amantongomane ayisibiliboco asithandayo kakhulu. I-Dormouse idla amantongomane amaningi, ilungiselela ukulala ubusika, lapho izuza isisindo, ngoba isilwane asenzi izinqolobane ebusika. Amantongomane azanywa yi-dormouse, kepha awadlanga, angahlukaniswa, ngoba isilwane sishiya izimbobo ezibushelelezi ezisuka emazinyweni egobolondo lazo. Akukho cecum emzimbeni we-dormouse, ngakho-ke ukudla okune-fiber eningi akangeni kahle. Izilwane zikhetha izithelo nezimbewu.
Ngaphezu kwamantongomane, uhlobo lokudla olunegundane luqukethe
- amajikijolo (ama-strawberry, ama-blueberries, ama-raspberries, ama-lingonberries, amajikijolo);
- ama-acorn;
- izithelo;
- amahlumela amasha (entwasahlobo);
- amahlumela;
- imbewu.
Kungabonakala kungavamile, kepha lezi zidalwa ezincane azikwenqabeli ukudla kwamaprotheni. USonya udla izibungu namaqanda ezinyoni ngenjabulo, uma ethola ithuba. Ngaphezu kwezikelemu, i-dormouse nezinye izinambuzane azideleli. Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, izilwane zingadla amagxolo ezihlahla ezincane zespruce. Kuyathakazelisa ukubuka i-dormouse ngesikhathi sokudla kwayo, ngoba uphatha noma yisiphi isithelo ngemilenze emibili yangaphambili. Le yindlela imenyu yalesi silwana esincane esiphila ngayo esihlokweni sezihlahla ezahlukahlukene nezihlahlana.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Isilwane sokulala saseHazel
I-hazel dormouse yisilwane sakusihlwa esichitha isikhathi esiningi sempilo yaso embusweni olele, yingakho inegama elithakazelisayo. USonya akalali emini kuphela, kodwa futhi kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Ephreli, ewela ebusika, ngoba akakubekezeleli ukushisa okuphansi.
Ngisho nasehlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lehla ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-17, i-dormouse iwela ohlotsheni lokuba ndikindiki futhi ingalala izinsuku ezimbalwa ize ifudumele.
Njengoba sekushiwo, amakhanda alele yizilwane ezihlala ezindaweni ezingazodwa. Izilwane zikhetha ukuhlala zodwa, zihlangane ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Ebusuku bazifunela ukudla, behamba ngobuciko besuka egatsheni baye egatsheni, kuthi emini balale ezidlekeni zabo ezithokomele.
I-dormouse ngayinye esizeni sayo somhlaba inezidleke zasemini eziningana-izindlu, ezivame ukutholakala ezihlahleni eziphakeme ngemitha elilodwa kuya kwamabili. Isigaxa sinomgodi wasebusika, esiwuhlela ngokucophelela lonke ihlobo ukuze ufudumale ebusika.
Uma i-dormouse uqobo ibamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwesidleke, khona-ke ikwenza ngotshani, ubulembu, amahlamvu, amagatsha amancane, ahlangana namathe akhe anamathelayo. Mangisho ukuthi i-hazel dormouse kwesinye isikhathi ingaba engaqondakali, engacabangi, isilwane sivame ukuhlala ezidlekeni zabanye abantu, sixoshe kubo abanikazi: iziqu zethimba, ondlunkulu. USonya angahlala nasendlini yezinyoni, ekamelweni elisophahleni, esihlahleni esingenalutho, ethaya elidala lemoto.
Uma sikhuluma ngesimo nobunjalo balezi zidalwa ezincane, lapho-ke singasho ukuthi i-dormouse inelukuluku lokwazi futhi inesibindi, inenhliziyo enhle futhi ixhumana kalula nabantu, izilwane ziyathemba kakhulu, ngakho-ke akunzima ukuzilawula.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: IHazel dormouse evela eRed Book
IHazel dormouse yizilwane ezihlala zodwa ezixhumana kuphela phakathi nenkathi yokukhwelana, ehlala isikhathi sonke sehlobo, inqobo nje uma ifudumele. Ukwenza izingane zikhululeke, abesifazane benza isidleke sokuzalela, esikhudlwana kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Itholakala endaweni ephakeme kakhulu ehlobene nomhlabathi. Isidleke esinjalo sinezingqimba ezimbili: ngaphezulu simbozwe ngamahlamvu, kuthi ngaphakathi sigcotshwe phansi, izimpaphe notshani obuncane.
Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, insikazi ingakhiqiza amazinyane amabili, kanti uma ukushisa kuqhubeka isikhathi eside futhi isikhathi sehlobo sibambezelekile, bese kuba kathathu. Imvamisa i-hazel dormouse izala izingane ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sihlala cishe izinsuku ezingama-25, siyefana nenkathi yokondla amawundlu. Kuyabonakala ukuthi izinhloko zokulala zinakekela izingane zazo, uma kungazelelwe umama efa, omunye wesifazane angakhulisa izingane zakhe. Kulezi zinhlobo zamagundane, insikazi ayikaze ibonakale idla inzalo yayo.
Uma kubanda futhi kune imvula ehlobo, khona-ke abesilisa abajahile ukufuna abesifazane abazokhwelana, bahlala ezidlekeni zabo ezithokomele, khona-ke i-hazel dormouse ayizali.
Njengoba kujwayelekile kuwo wonke amagundane, izingane ezilala ubuthongo zizalwa zingenakuzisiza futhi ziyimpumputhe, azinaso isembozo soboya. Cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-18 kuphela ubudala, izingane zifana nezilwane ezindala. Ezinsukwini ezingamashumi amane ubudala, amagundane amancane asevele ethola ukuzimela. Kwesinye isikhathi, lapho insikazi izala esikhathini, ngaphambi kwamakhaza ekwindla, izingane zihlala ebusika nonina.
Izilwane ezisencane ezikhule ngokobulili zisondela onyakeni owodwa ubudala. Ezimweni zasendle, zemvelo, i-hazel dormouse iphila cishe iminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu kuphela, futhi ekuthunjweni ingaphila kuze kube yisishiyagalombili. Lo mehluko esikhathini sokuphila kungenxa yokuthi izilwane eziningi endaweni yazo yemvelo kazisindi ebusika obubandayo nobubandayo.
Izitha zemvelo zehazel dormouse
Isithombe: IHazel dormouse
Ngaphandle kokuthi i-hazel dormouse incane kakhulu, ayinazo izitha ezishisekayo phakathi kwezinye izilwane. Azikho izilwane ezizingelayo ezizingela lesi silwane. Bangathola uSonya ngengozi. Ngakho-ke igundane lingaba isisulu sesikhova, ikati lasendle, imarten, impungushe, i-weasel. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi imbobo lapho i-dormouse ihlala khona iqhekezwe impungushe noma ingulube, kepha isilwane singaphila, ngoba ama-musher anokuzwela okukhulu nokuqapha.
Imvelo iqhamuke nendlela yoqobo yokuzivikela yalezi zilwane ezincane, equkethe ukuthi isikhumba esisuka emsileni wedormouse sindiza esitokweni uma othile ebamba isilwane ngalengxenye ende yomzimba waso. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ikhanda lobuthongo elinobungcweti nobudangele liphunyuka ngokuphepha kumuntu onobuhlakani. Vele-ke leyo ngxenye yomsila, okungekho sikhumba kuyo, iyafa futhi ekugcineni inyamalale, kepha igundane lihlala liphila.
Ngeshwa, esinye sezitha eziyingozi kakhulu kwi-hazel dormouse ngumuntu ocekela phansi izindawo zokuhlala kwabo unomphela, ogawula amahlathi futhi alime umhlaba wezolimo. UMuscat uyafa futhi ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane abantu abaphatha ngayo izitshalo ezilinyiwe. Inzima kanjena impilo kulezi zidalwa ezincane nezisengozini ezihlala endle.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: I-hazel dormouse yezilwane
Ososayensi baqaphele ukuthi inani labantu be-hazel dormouse abahlala ezimweni zemvelo, zemvelo lincipha kancane kancane minyaka yonke, okuyinto ethusa kakhulu. Le nqubo ibonwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zendawo okuhlala kuyo lesi silwane esithandekayo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inani le-hazel dormice aliningi nakancane kuyo yonke indawo.
Kuze kube manje, inani le-hazel dormouse alikafiki ezingeni elibucayi. Njengamanje, lolu hlobo lwamagundane lubalwa phakathi kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezinengozi enkulu yokuhlala, kepha ezinhlwini zezinhlangano zomhlaba wonke zemvelo, ama-muskets abelwe isikhundla esikhethekile.
Isimo sabantu be-hazel dormouse asifani kuzo zonke izifunda; kwezinye izindawo lesi silwane sithathwa njengeyivelakancane futhi sibhalwe kuRed Book. Kuyadabukisa ukukwazi lokhu, kepha isimo esinjalo sithuthukile ezweni lethu, lapho le nduku encane incane kakhulu ngesibalo.
Ukulimala okukhulu kwabantu akubangelwa abantu kuphela, kodwa futhi nobusika obukhulu, okungezona zonke izilwane ezingasinda. Kunobufakazi bokuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-70 we-muslin awasindi emakhazeni amakhulu futhi afa ngesikhathi sobusika. Akulula ngomntwana onjalo ukuthi aphile ezimweni ezinzima zasebusika.
Ukuvikelwa kwehazel dormouse
Isithombe: IHazel dormouse Red Book yaseRussia
Ensimini yombuso wethu, i-hazel dormouse inenani elincane kakhulu, eliqhubeka nokwehla kancane kancane, ngakho-ke leli gundane elincane lifakwe kuRed Book yezwe lethu, kubhekwa njengokungajwayelekile. Lokhu kwenzeka hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokuthi umuntu ucekela phansi izindawo eziningi zokuthunyelwa kwehazel dormouse, kepha futhi nangenxa yobusika obunzima, obungajwayelekile ezweni lethu, futhi akulula ukuthi i-dormouse iphile emakhazeni amakhulu.
Kunobufakazi bokuthi ngaphakathi kweRussia Federation inani lamahazel dormice cishe lalingama-specimens amathathu noma amane ehektheleni lendawo.
Iningi le-hazel dormouse lihlala ezimweni zemvelo esifundeni sethu saseYaroslavl, okungukuthi, ezinhlanganweni zezingadi ezikule ndawo. Imvamisa, izilwane zihlala ophahleni lwezindlu zasemakhaya nasezindlini zezinyoni, azihluphi nabantu nhlobo. Kunamacala amaningi aziwayo lapho abalimi be-amateur bathatha i-dormouse encane nabo ebusika.
Abaningi abathanda lezi zilwane ezinhle bafuna ukwandisa isibalo sabo ngokuzalisa amagundane ekhaya, bese bekhulula indawo yokulala encane ezingadini, emahlathini nasezindaweni zokupaka. Kwezinye izindawo, amakhanda okulala nawo ayathinteka ngoba abantu baphatha izihlahla ezingezansi ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane ukulwa nezibungu eziyingozi. Umuntu kufanele acabange ngeqiniso lokuthi lokhu kuholela ekufeni kwezinambuzane ezingezona izinambuzane kuphela, kodwa i-hazel dormouse, enenzuzo enkulu, enikela ekuvundeni okukhulu kwezitshalo eziningi.
Ekuphetheni, kusala ukwengeza ukuthi i-hazel dormouse incane kakhulu, ezimweni eziningi ayinakho ukuzivikela futhi isengozini, ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokusekelwa komuntu okusebenzayo, kungaba nzima kakhulu kuye ukuba aphile, ngoba izimo zemvelo kwesinye isikhathi zinzima kakhulu futhi azibikezeli. Futhi uma umuntu engafuni ukusiza lesi sidalwa esincane, khona-ke okungenani kufanele angalimazi lezi zingane ezinhle ezibukeka njengamalanga amancane ewolintshi akhanya phakathi kwamagatsha ezihlahla amakhulu.
Lezi zidalwa ezincanyana zimane zithinte futhi zijabule, zibheke kuzo, ufuna ukunakekela nokuvikela imvuthuluka enezinwele ezibomvu, akulona ize abaningi abazivula njengezilwane ezifuywayo, ngoba indlu yokulala ye-hazel inemvelo enhle kakhulu futhi ithanjiswa kalula.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 18.04.2019
Usuku lokuvuselela: 19.09.2019 ngo-21: 50
