Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, imihlambi yezinyoni ivame ukubonwa esibhakabhakeni. Yizinyoni ezishiya umhlaba wethu, zindiza ziye emazweni afudumele. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni zisekhona. Kunezinhlobo eziyinqaba ezifika maphakathi neRussia ebusika. Futhi kukhona okumangazayo ngokuphelele, okuzala inzalo emakhazeni. Lokhu ubuqhawe bangempela ngempela!
Izinyoni zasebusika zaseRussia: ukuhlukaniswa, uhlu
Ukondla kusindisa izinyoni emakhazeni. Mayelana nezinyoni zasebusika bathi: "Izinyoni ezondlekile kuphela azesabi amazinga okushisa aphansi." Ngakho-ke, izinyoni ezisasele ebusika kumele zizitholele ukudla eqhweni.
Lokhu kungaba imbewu yezitshalo, amajikijolo, izilwane ezincane, izidumbu, imfucuza yokudla ezindaweni zokulahla amadolobha. Izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingenakuqhathaniswa zifudukela ezifundeni eziseningizimu ebusika. ERussia, cishe izinhlobo ezingamashumi ayisikhombisa zezinyoni zihlala ebusika.
Iqembu lezinyoni zasebusika endaweni, kufaka izinhlobo eziningi:
- okwasemadolobheni;
- inkambu;
- ihlathi.
Ngendlela yokudla okunomsoco, zihlukaniswe zaba:
- umhlaseli;
- ezidla imifino;
- omnivores.
Dlulisa amagama ezinyoni zasebusika cishe akunakwenzeka. Umuntu anganikeza kuphela uhlu lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezaziwayo.
- i-bullfinch;
- undlunkulu;
- isiphambano;
- i-nuthatch;
- siskin;
- ibhungane elinekhanda eliphuzi;
- ukuxhuma;
- i-nutcracker;
- udali;
- igolide
- i-moskovka;
- isihloko;
- jay;
- umqubuko;
- umdanso ompompi;
- umqambi wezinkuni;
- umagpie;
- ijuba;
- igwababa;
- i-jackdaw;
- i-grosbeak;
- pika;
- i-grouse;
- i-grouse emnyama;
- i-partridge;
- isikhova;
- isikhova esimhlophe;
- isikhova esimnyama.
Ama-Bullfinches
Lawa mahle izinyoni zasebusika imindeni yezintaka ibhekwa njengehlala phansi. Bahlala emahlathini e-coniferous futhi ahlanganisiwe, ngoba ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko yimbewu yesihlahla sonwele, uphayini, amajikijolo, ikakhulukazi umlotha wasentabeni, neziqu zemithi. Kunzima ukubabona ehlobo.
Kepha ebusika izinkunzi zezinkunzi zivela lapho ungazuza khona ngokudla. Emadolobheni, emadolobhaneni, ungabona kaningi u-5-6 walobu buhle obunamabele abomvu emlotheni wentaba. Lezi zinkunzi zezinkunzi zeza ukuzondla.
Ubukhulu benyoni bukhulu kancane kunondlunkulu, kodwa umbala wayo uyamangalisa. Izimbongi ezisevesini zibiza lezi zinyoni ngama-apula abomvu. Ngempela, amabele abo abomvu klebhu noma omlotha obomvana abukeka emuhle ngemuva kwamagatsha ambozwe yiqhwa.
Ukubamba i-bullfinch nokuyithambisa kungokoqobo impela. Lezi zinyoni zihlala ngokuphelele emakhejini, ziqala nokushaya ikhwela "izisusa" ezilula kumnikazi wazo.
Lalela ukuculwa kwe-bullfinch ejwayelekile
Kodwa ama-bullfinches athanda kakhulu ukudla - awalokothi enqabe ukudla. Ngokunothisa ubunyoni benyoni, umnikazi wayo uvame ukusondla isilwane, okuyingozi empilweni yaso.
Ama-Bullfinches awakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa esibi ngaphansi kwezinga -50 degrees. Ngakho-ke, labo abahlala engxenyeni esenyakatho yehlathi le-taiga basathutha phakathi nobusika. Kepha hhayi njalo indlela yabo ilele emazweni aseningizimu.
Abaningi bamane bathuthele kancane eningizimu, basele endaweni yaseRussia. Kungakho bencokola ngokuthi inkunzi yenkomo ifika eRussia ebusika izofudumala.
I-bullfinch yesifazane ipendwe ngamathoni ampunga futhi ayinaso isifuba esikhanyayo
Ondlunkulu
Izakhamizi zasenkabeni yeRussia zijwayelene kondlunkulu ehlobo nasebusika kangangokuthi kumangalisa ngisho nokucabanga ukuthi zinganyamalala kungazelelwe. Ngokwezibalo, isibalo salezi zinyoni emhlabeni sifinyelela esigidini. Ukuze kujabulise, abanye baye babala ukuthi kubantu abayisishiyagalombili kukhona undlunkulu oyedwa. Lezi zinyoni zingezinhlobo zasemadolobheni zezinyoni ezihlala ebusika.
Iqiniso lomlando elihehayo elixhumene nabo. Njengoba lezi zinyoni zidla okusanhlamvu, ziba yingozi enkulu kubalimi bezinhlamvu. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-PRC yaqala ukulwa "nezinambuzane zasensimini". Abaqaphi bezinyoni bathole ukuthi ondlunkulu abakwazi ukundiza isikhathi esingaphezu kwekota yehora. Ukuvimbela ondlunkulu ukuba bangangeni, babethuse, abantu babhubhisa izinyoni ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili.
Kodwa-ke, babenganaki ukuthi lezi zinyoni zibhubhisa izinambuzane eziyingozi ngaphezu kokusanhlamvu. Sebelahle isitha esisodwa, amaKorea enza esinye, esinonya kakhulu. Ngakho-ke amasosha angenashwa kwakufanele alethe ondlunkulu ezweni.
Iqiniso lesibili elihehayo liphathelene nokwakheka kwabo. Ngokumangazayo, kunama-vertebrae aphindwe kabili entanyeni yondlunkulu kunaku ... kwendlulamithi! Kepha kungani izintamo zabo zinde kangaka? Kuvela ukuthi izingcezu zomgogodla kondlunkulu, ngokungafani nezindlulamithi, ziyisicaba.
Futhi iqiniso lesithathu lizonikeza amathuba kubamele abaningi bohlanga lwesintu. Ondlunkulu, njengoba kwenzeka, bayizinyoni ezizodwa. Sebekhethele umlingani wabo, bahlala bethembekile kuye impilo yabo yonke. Emndenini wondlunkulu, umbhangqwana ungazitholela omunye "umlingani" noma "umlingani" kuphela uma owedlule efa.
Iziphambano
Lo mmeleli womndeni wezintaka ze-oda labadlulayo ugqame phakathi kwabo bonke abanye. Ukukhuluma nge iziphi izinyoni ebusika eRussia, futhi sisho amabhodi awela, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi bazala futhi bondle izingane zabo ngamakhaza angamashumi amathathu!
Futhi nokho lezi zinyoni ezincane zibizwa ngokuthi "zicula eqhweni." Kuliqiniso, ama-crossbill angahlali kuphela ebusika, kepha nasehlobo. Ukuze insikazi ihlale emaqandeni, kubalulekile kuphela ukuthi kube nokudla okwanele nxazonke.
Umzimba we-crossbill yabantu abadala awudluli kuma-20 cm ubude, umuntu unesisindo esingama-gramu angama-50. Lapho uneminyaka emithathu ubudala, abesifazane baba nezimpaphe eziluhlaza okotshani ngombala ophuzi, kanti abesilisa bavame ukuba nsundu ngokubomvu.
Ama-crossbill adla imbewu yezigaxa. Izinyoni zithola ukudla ngosizo lomlomo ogobile. Ngokuya ngokuncamelayo kokuphakelayo, kunqanyulwa ama-spruce crossbill kanye ne-pine crossbill. Zibuye zihlukaniswe ngokwezici zazo zangaphandle.
Akunakwenzeka ukuhlangabezana nama-crossbills ezindaweni zokuhlala. Lona ohlala ehlathini ngokuphelele.
Ama-crossbill abesifazane nawo awakhanyi njengabesilisa.
Ama-Nuthatches
Igama lesibili lale nyoni encane umshayeli. Okomndeni we-nuthatch, obanzi emahlathini e-coniferous, deciduous and mixed enkabeni yeRussia naseSiberia. INuthatch ibuye idle emapaki nasezivandeni zezindawo zokuhlala. Ngakho-ke, amantongomane angabangelwa yizinhlobo zezinyoni ezihlala ebusika eRussia kanye nasemadolobheni.
Ama-birdies nuthatches aqanjwe ngekhono lawo elimangalisayo lokugibela phezu kweziqu zezihlahla, ebambelela ngokuqinile ngozipho. Futhi imvamisa lezi zinyoni zihamba zibheke phezulu zibhekise ikhanda phansi.
Umshayeli we-nuthatch ubizelwa ikhono lakhe lokwenza imisindo efana nokuqubuka kolimi. Imisindo efanayo ikhiqizwa lapho umuntu elawula ihhashi. Kodwa lezi akuzona "izingoma" zabo kuphela. I-repertoire ye-nuthatch ibanzi kakhulu. Le nyoni enomsindo icula ngokukhuthele ngesikhathi sokuzalisa: ngasekupheleni kobusika nasekwindla yokuqala.
Lalela izwi le-nuthatch
Bachamisela inzalo yabo emigodini, bahlala ezindlini ezindala zabagawuli bezinkuni ngenxa yalokhu, noma bathole imigodi yemvelo engakangeni noma ngubani - abakwazi ukuzidlela "indlu" yabo uqobo. Ama-nuthatches namabhokisi esidleke okwenziwa awagwemi.
Umqeqeshi udla kokubili ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Inyoni enakekelayo ihlale ihlinzekela usuku lwemvula, ifihle ukudla okweqile emifantwini yezihlahla futhi ifihle “isilondolozi” ngembabazane noma ngamagxolo.
Le nyoni yathola igama layo ngekhono layo lokukwazi ukugibela ngobunono ezihlahleni ngisho libheke phansi
UChizhi
Futhi iziphi izinyoni ezihlala ebusika enkabeni yeRussia? Impela, siskins! Lona omunye omele umndeni we-finches we-oda labaphaseli. Lesi yisakhamuzi sehlathi le-coniferous. I-Siskin izondla ngezinambuzane nembewu, kuya ngesizini.
Amabhangqa adalelwa isikhathi sesidleke kuphela. Ngokuqala kwekwindla ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, ama-siskins athutheleka futhi azulazule ezindaweni lapho kunemizimba yamanzi engabandi. Ngakho-ke, ama-siskins ahlukaniswa njengezinyoni ebusika kancane eRussia.
Ingoma eyaziwa yibo bonke inikezelwe kuChizhik-Pyzhik. Ngemuva kwakho konke, le nyoni encane ihlukaniswa nokuthatheka kwayo, ukuhlala kwayo. Uwela kalula kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezicupho, ajwayele ukuthunjwa ngokushesha, abe ngothambile ngokuphelele aze akhiqize inzalo ekuthunjweni. Idla imbewu ye-canary, i-rapeseed, nembewu yefilakisi ehhokweni.
Ngokubekezela okwanele, umuntu angafundisa i-siskin yasekhaya amaqhinga namasu ahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ezimakethe zezinkukhu, le nyoni ithandwa kakhulu yilabo abafuna ukuthola isilwane esinezimpaphe.
Amakhosi aphuzi
Le enye inyoni yengoma evela emahlathini e-coniferous angahambi lapho kuqala ubusika futhi, njenge-nuthatch, angahamba abheke phansi phansi esiqwini. Ekhanda lenyoni kukhona i-crest, ebizwa ngegama layo. Futhi inkosi yayizobhabhadiswa, kepha ubukhulu benyoni abuzange bulingane. Kancane nje kukajekamanzi, lo mculi wehlathi ongamagremu ayisikhombisa. Yebo ukufihla ekuhloleni amehlo master.
Inkosi kunzima ukuyibona phakathi kwamahlamvu, kepha uyizwa kalula. Kunzima ukudida iculo elimnandi lomculi wehlathi nabanye, ama-trill akhe nokuchichima kwakhe kumuntu ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni, "ezizwakala" isikhathi sokuzalela, i-kinglet iyacula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Lalela ukucula kwenkosi enekhanda eliphuzi
Izinyoni zakha isidleke ngesimo sebhola le-oblate lamakhasi otshani, phansi, ubulembu, ubulembu, lubopha yonke into ngewebhu. Bese kuthi-ke abazali abazobe belengise indlu yabo phezulu emakhasini aminyene esihlahla. Ngaphakathi esidlekeni kugcwele kakhulu, amaphuphu ahlala aqoqene ndawonye.
Ukuthola i-kinglet njengesilwane sasekhaya kunzima. Uqaphele kakhulu endle, nasekuthunjweni - ukhetha okuthile ngokuqukethwe. Imvamisa, uma isisesibayeni, i-kinglet iyenqaba ukudla futhi ibulawa yindlala.
Le nyoni inosayizi omncane, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuyibona esehlathini, kodwa kulula ukuzwa
Ama-Waxwings
Le nyoni encane enhle edlulayo, engamasentimitha angama-20 ngosayizi no-60 g wesisindo, ingatholakala emahlathini asebusika aseRussia. Ekhanda lenyoni kukhona i-crest, amehlo, izimpiko, isivuno nomsila zizungezwe ngombala omnyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindawo ezibomvu ziyabonakala ezimpikweni, futhi kukhona umugqa ophuzi emsileni.
Le nyoni yathola igama layo ngama-trill ayo asezingeni eliphakeme, afana nemisindo: "Sviri-ri-ri-ri". Noma ngubani okuzwile ukucula kwe-waxwing akusoze wakudida nenye inyoni.
Lalela izwi lama-waxwings
Ama-Waxwings asakazeke emahlathini ama-taiga enyakatho yezwe. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, azihlali endaweni eyodwa. Babizwa ngokufuduka, njengoba befuna njalo ukudla.
Ama-Nutcrackers
Igama lesibili lale nyoni yomndeni we-corvid yi-walnut. Incane kancane kune-jackdaw, kodwa inomlomo omude. Usiza i-nutcracker ukukhipha amantongomane kwizigaxa. Ifihle ukudla esikhwameni se-hyoid, inyoni ikuthatha ikulethe esidlekeni sayo.
Umuntu oyedwa angaphatha amantongomane afika kwikhulu ngesikhathi. Futhi konke okunye, okuqashelwe yi-nutcracker, kepha kungakwazanga ukungena esikhwameni sayo se-hyoid, le nyoni icasha kule ndawo ebangeni elingu-2-4 km ebusika ngokushiswa yiqhwa, nangezinye izikhathi zonyaka ngqo emhlabathini.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi edolobheni laseTomsk kunetshe lesikhumbuzo lenyoni-nut. Ngempela, ngenxa yokonga kwayo, isiza amahlumela e-coniferous ukuba akhule. Akuwona wonke amantongomane afihlwe emhlabathini atholakala, okusho ukuthi okunye kokuphakelayo kuzohluma entwasahlobo.
Ama-Goldfinches
Igama lale nyoni elivela emndenini we-finch liyahambisana negama elithi "fancy". Lokhu kuyafaneleka, ngoba indoda enhle kangako isadinga ukufunwa. Izihlathi ezimhlophe ziqhathanisa kahle nomqhele omnyama wekhanda. Isithombe senyoni enombala ophothuliwe sigcwaliswa yisifihla esibomvu esizungeze uqhwaku olude oluyindilinga.
Ama-Goldfinches awafani ngosayizi omkhulu, ngoba akhula aze afike kuma-cm ayi-17 kuphela. Isisindo sawo asikwazi ukuba ngaphezu kwama-20 g. Kodwa-ke, udumo lwama-fighters lumile ngokuqinile ezinyonini. Ngensimu yabo, izinyoni ezinesibindi zikulungele ukulwela impilo nokufa.
Lezi zinyoni zingezinhlobo zasendle. Ama-Goldfinches anikezwa imbewu yokhula, ikakhulukazi i-thistle, i-burdock, i-burdock, i-black dropsy nezinye izihlahla. Futhi abayideleli imbewu yezigaxa. Lapho kuqala ubusika, izinyoni zifuna ukudla ezitshalweni ezinamathele eqhweni.
UGoldfinch ungumlandeli wokucula. I-repertoire yakhe ifaka izinhlobo ezifika kuma-20 zama-trill ahlukene. Ngenxa yalokhu, bayathanda ukumgcina emakhaya njengesilwane esifuywayo.
Lalela izwi le-goldfinch
Futhi i-goldfinch esibayeni, enokuqukethwe okulungile, ijabulisa abanikazi bayo ngezingoma ezihlekisayo unyaka wonke. IGoldfinches ingahlala ekuthunjweni kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20!
UMoskovki
Igama lesibili lale nyoni encane yi-tit emnyama. Ngokubukeka, kufana kakhulu ne-tit ejwayelekile, kepha incane. Nesifuba sakhe simpunga.
Okwesifihla-buso esimnyama esizungeze uqhwaku, siphenduka isigqoko, le nyoni ekuqaleni yayibizwa nge- "masking". Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bayiqamba kabusha yaba igama elilula kakhulu kumuntu waseRussia, okwakubonakala sengathi kubuyela edolobheni elikhulu lezwe - eMuscovy.
AmaMuscovites ahlala emahlathini e-coniferous. Kepha ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ingatholakala eduze kwabaphakeli ezingadini nasemapaki.
Igama lokuqala lale nyoni lalicashile, ngenxa yezimpaphe ezifana nesifihla-buso
Isihloko sendatshana
Le nyoni encane iyamangaza ngeqiniso lokuthi ingabhubhisa cishe izibungu eziyinkulungwane zezinambuzane namacimbi ngosuku. Ngenxa yokuminza okunjalo, waba ngumvikeli omkhulu wamasimu nezingadi zemifino. Abantu bakubonile lokhu base baqala ukugada osisi. Ngekhulu le-17, kwakukhona ngisho nesinqumo sasebukhosini, ngokusho ukuthi isijeziso esinzima sasongela ukubulala i-titmouse.
Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ama-tits asondela eduze nendawo yokuhlala abantu, lapho adla khona izinsalela zokudla komuntu noma adle ukudla kwesobunxele kuma "canteens" ahlelwe ngokukhethekile wezinyoni. Izingane zesikole ziyakujabulela ukubalungiselela abaphakeli.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi eRussia yanamuhla, ama-tits nawo athole ukunakwa okukhethekile. NgoNovemba 12, usuku lukaSinichkin lubekwe ezweni. Kwezinye izindawo (ngeshwa, hhayi yonke indawo), iziphathimandla zaze zahlela imikhosi kulo mcimbi.
UJays
Le nyoni ingeyomndeni wama-corvids, ukuhleleka kwabantu abadlulayo. Ifinyelela kubude obungu-34 cm, kanti isisindo sayo cishe siyi-180 g. Igama lale nyoni libuyela esenzweni esithi "ukukhanyisa", ngoba ama-jays mahle kakhulu. Izimpaphe zayo zibomvu ngokubomvu, izimpiko ezinamachaphaza amhlophe naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanye ne-crest encane ekhanda layo.
Okuphakelayo kukaJay kuqukethe imbewu ye-sunflower, i-spruce, okusanhlamvu, ama-acorn. Le nyoni ayidli nje kuphela imbewu ye-oki, kepha ibuye izilungiselele izimpahla, izigqibe emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, ithuthukisa ukusabalala kwezihlahla ze-oki endaweni.
UJay uyisidlakela. Ngaphezu kokudla kwezitshalo, ukudla kwakhe kufaka nezilwane: inyama ebolile, amagundane amancane, amatshwele ezinye izinyoni, amaqanda. Futhi lokhu ngaphezu kwezinambuzane nezibungu zazo. Kunezimo lapho ujay wahlasela izinyoni ezindala, wazibulala wazidla.
Le enezimpaphe iqaphe ngokweqile. Kunzima ukubamba futhi ubone nje, ngakho ngobuhlakani icasha phakathi kwezihlahla. Kepha uyayizwa. Yize kukhona nobunzima lapha: ujay akajwayele ukucula izingoma zakhe, imvamisa ulingisa amazwi abanye abantu: i-nightingale trill, amagwababa echobana, izinja ezikhonkothayo ngisho ne-door creak.
Ama-Schurs
Amahlathi e-taiga ahlala izinyoni ezincane ezinhle zomndeni we-finch - i-pike. Osayizi bazo bahambisana nosayizi bezinkanyezi. Ngombala wazo ogqamile (amabele abomvu klebhu nemihlane, isisu esimpunga, izimpiko nomsila onsundu onsundu, imivimbo emhlophe emahlombe) abizwa ngokuthi amaqhude aseFinland noma opholi baseFinland.
Kuyiqiniso, i-pike yesifazane inemibala enesizotha kakhulu yezimpaphe: esikhundleni se-crimson, ophuzi ongcolile uphethe kuzo. Ama-ponytails amabhungane anokusikwa okuhle. Kwesinye isikhathi i-pike iyadideka ne-bullfinch - womabili amabele abomvu futhi athanda ukuzitika ngomlotha wentaba.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ama-pike-hole amane athanda ukubhukuda, akunandaba kubo ukuthi isikhathi sini sangaphandle singaphandle. Ngisho nasebusika, lezi zinyoni ezimangalisayo zithola amadamu angabandi futhi ahamba kahle kuzo. Ekuthunjweni, lezi zinyoni zihlala kahle, kepha zizala inzalo ngokweqile.
Izinkuni
Leli lungu lomndeni wakwa-woodpecker livame ukuhlala emahlathini. Kepha imvamisa itholakala ezindaweni zasemakhaya eziseduze nemizana. Ezingadini nasemapaki amadolobha, emathuneni, nazo azizona izivakashi ezingavamile.
Ama-Woodpeckers aziwa ngokugunda imigodi ezihlahleni ngemilomo yawo eqinile, ekhipha izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene ezivela ngaphansi kwegxolo. Ngale ndlela, zinikeza insizakalo ebaluleke kakhulu ezitshalweni.Yebo, nezinye izinyoni nezilwane ziyahlomula kulo msebenzi: iningi likhona izindawo ezilungele ukuhlala nokuzalanisa.
Ekwindla nasebusika, isiqophamithi siyashintsha ukutshala ukudla. Uthola futhi adle imbewu yama-conifers, amantongomane, izithelo zamatshe.
Ubude besiqophamithi bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-27. Isisindo saso singafika ku-100 g. Izimpaphe ze-woodpecker zimnyama futhi zimhlophe nge-undertail ebomvana noma ebomvu. Ikhanda lenyoni lihlotshiswe ngekepisi elibomvu ngokugqamile.
Inyoni indiza kamnandi. Kepha kaningi kungabonakala kukhuphuka isiqu somuthi. Umqhumbuzi uyinyoni enomsindo. Imisindo eyenza ukuthi kungabizwa ngezingoma. Esikhundleni salokho, ukuzwakala kwephika lomuthi okhathazekile kuzwakala njengokutshiyoza.
Lalela izwi likakhokho wezinkuni
Lalela isiqophamithi
Amajuba
Lezi zinyoni ezingabantu zifanekisela ukuthula nokuzwana. Mhlawumbe, kwakuyisiko ukucabanga kanjalo ngenxa yokwethembeka kwabo emibhangqwaneni yabo nendawo yabo yokuzalwa. Njengama-swans, amajuba awakhohlisani, ahlala ethembekile kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.
Ukucaca kokubuyela njalo endaweni lapho bazalelwa khona, abantu baqala ukusebenzisa ukuze bathumele imiyalezo ebangeni elide. Amajuba okuphatha asetshenziswe isikhathi eside. Kuze kube manje, izazi ze-ornithologists azikwazi ukuza empendulweni eyodwa embuzweni wokuthi ziyithola kanjani indlela yokubuyela emuva: ngezinkanyezi noma ngenxa yamandla kazibuthe.
Amajuba anomnivorous. Imvamisa bahlala emadolobheni, bathola ukudla ezindaweni zokulahla udoti noma kuma-feeder. Abantu bayayithanda le nyoni futhi bayondla nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Amaningi amajuba azala, ezalela izinhlobo ezikhethekile. Kukhona ngisho nemibukiso yale nyoni enhle, lapho abamele abagqamile bezinhlobo banikezwa izindondo nemiklomelo.
Amajuba ajwayele ukuhlala ebusika
Izimpisi
Ku-magpie, igama lesidlaliso "isela" lasungulwa ngokuqinile. Ukulangazelela kwakhe konke okukhanyayo nokukhanyayo kungusomandla ngempela. Imvamisa abantu batholakala ezidlekeni zabo, kanye namabhodlela wensimbi nobuhlalu, ubucwebe begolide obubizayo, amawashi, izinto zokusika zesiliva. Ukuthi izinyoni zikwazi kanjani ukuntshontsha kubanikazi kuyimfihlo eyaziwa yibo kuphela.
Izimpisi yizinyoni ezihlakaniphe kakhulu. Izazi ze-ornithologists zifakazele ukuthi uhlakaniphile kunezinye izinyoni, ngoba yizinhlangothi ezimhlophe kuphela ezikwazi ukuzibona esibukweni. Ababoni enye inyoni ekuboniseni, imhlasela noma imthuse, ungakhathazeki.
Uma i-magpie ikhule kumuntu, khona-ke ibona umnikazi wayo hhayi ngezwi lakhe kuphela, kodwa nangesilinganiso, isibalo sakhe. Lezi yizinyoni eziqotho: ziletha izindebe zazo (kwesinye isikhathi zebiwe) kubaninizo, zabelana ngokudla. Izindaba eziningi ezihlekisayo ngalokhu zitshelwa yilabo obekufanele babhekane "nezipho" ezivela esilwaneni esinezimpaphe.
Ama-Magpies ahlala ekuthunjweni isikhathi eside, kulula ukuwathambisa, atholakala ekuqeqeshweni. Ukuziphatha kwabo kwesinye isikhathi kuyadida. Ngesikhathi sabo esikhululekile, isibonelo, inyoni eyondlekile ingazijabulisa ngokugingqika emthambekeni wophahla osembozweni sensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokugoqeka phansi, imagpie ithatha "izihlibhi" zayo ngomlomo wayo bese ibahudulela phezulu, njengoba kwenza izingane egqumeni.
Kukhona izinganekwane ukuthi Metropolitan Alexei ngekhulu le-19 usola isimiso somuntu kulezi zinyoni. Wanquma ukuthi onogwaja babengabathakathi ngendlela yezinyoni. Ngakho-ke, omantiyane babenqatshelwe ukuya eMoscow.
Amanye amalungu alolu hlobo ayakwazi ukulingisa imisindo eyenziwe ngabantu. Yize lokhu kungenzeki kaningi.
Amagwababa
Inyoni enkulu yomndeni we-corvidae ivame ukuhlala emadolobheni nasemaphandleni. Ungu-omnivorous, udla udoti etafuleni lomuntu. Indawo yokulahla udoti yindawo yabo abayithandayo. Emadolobhaneni, amagwababa athwala izinkukhu, amachwane, amadada, amaqanda kubantu basemakhaya, ngaleyo ndlela abangele ukulimala. Kunezimo ezaziwayo lapho amazinyane nemidlwane abanjwe ngozipho.
Njengemagpies, amagwababa ahlakaniphe ngokweqile. Ukuhlakanipha kwabo kuye kwafaniswa nokwengane eneminyaka emihlanu. Abantu, ngokubona ukwethembeka kwamagwababa, kwesinye isikhathi bakusebenzisela inzuzo yabo. Uma ufaka amaqanda egwababa endaweni yokufukamela lapho izinkukhu zichanyuselwa khona, bese ukhulisa inzalo, noma-ke, ngeke uthole unogada wegceke.
Amagwababa ngeke avumele noma yisiphi isidalwa ukuthi singene endaweni, azovikela ngesibindi izidalwa eziphilayo zenkosi yazo. Kepha ukudla izinkukhu kusuka egcekeni lomunye umuntu, lokhu ngeke kubavimbe.
Igwababa libizwa ngopholi waseRussia. Akunzima kubo ukwamukela inkulumo yomuntu, bakopishe imisindo yezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Amagwababa ahlala ekuthunjweni iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
Izikhova zokhozi
Le nyoni ebusika ebusika iRussia ibhalwe kuRed Book. Ubekezelela kalula ubusika baseRussia, ondle izilwane ezincane: ama-martens, ama-hares, amagundane, izingwejeje, amagundane. Isilwane sigwinya ukudla okuncane kuphelele.
Kwesinye isikhathi izikhova zizingela izilwane ezinkulu kakhulu: izinyamazane eziyizinyamazane, izingulube zasendle. Ngemuva kwalokho badwengula isisulu sibe yizicucu ezingangena emqaleni. Zizingela ebusuku, emini zikhetha ukulala.
Lalela izwi lesikhova
Izikhova
Njengesikhova, isikhova sidla ebusuku. Njengoba inezimpaphe ezicijile, ibekezelela kalula isithwathwa. Ukundiza okusheshayo, okungenamsindo nokubona okuhle kuyamsiza ekutholeni isisulu sakhe. Ngokukhanya okuntekenteke kakhulu, le nyoni ibona inyamazane itholakala kumamitha angama-300 ukusuka kuyo.
Le nyoni inkulu, ifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-70 ubude. Le enezimpiko ithola amakhilogremu ama-3.
Ama-grouse amnyama, ama-hazel grouse, ama-partridges nawo afakiwe ebusika. Bayazifudumeza ngokuzingcwaba emigodini. Ngaphansi kweqhwa, izinyoni zifuna ukudla - okusanhlamvu namakhambi ngonyaka odlule.
Emakhazeni amakhulu, izinyoni zizama ukugwema ukundiza. Indawo yomzimba eyanda ngamaphiko evulekile iholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kokushisa. Umuntu onezimpaphe ubeka engcupheni yokuqandisa esikhundleni sokubamba inyamazane noma ukuya ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esingcono.
