IGabronatus (Habronattus calcaratus) ingeyama-arachnids ekilasi.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-gabronate.
IGabronate ihlala eCumberland Plateau, okuyindawo enkulu yehlathi, e-Alabama, Tennessee naseKentucky enyakatho idlula eMaine nasezingxenyeni ezithile zeCanada. Ububanzi buya ngasentshonalanga esifundeni samaLwandle Amakhulu eMidwestern United States. IGabronate isanda kutholakala entshonalanga yeMinnesota esifundeni esingamakhilomitha ayi-125. Lesi silwane sitholakala kude eningizimu eFlorida futhi siyinhlobo ejwayelekile kakhulu eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States.
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-gabronate.
IGabronate itholakala ikakhulu engxenyeni esempumalanga emahlathini asezingeni eliphansi, inezihlahla ezinamakhasi ahlanganisa i-oki, imephu ne-birch. Lezi zinhlobo zesicabucabu zisatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezinokuphakama okuphakathi kwamazwekazi ngaphakathi kobubanzi bendawo obubonwe kusukela olwandle kuya ezindaweni eziphakeme eziNtabeni i-Appalachian (amamitha angama-2025). IGabronate ihlala kakhulu emhlabathini, kepha futhi ihlala kaningi phakathi kwezimila, lapho ithola khona ukudla.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-gabronate.
IGabronate yehlukile kwamanye amalungu ohlobo lweHabronattus ngokuba khona komugqa omhlophe maphakathi nesisu. Izicabucabu ezindala zinobude obungu-5 kuye ku-6 mm, abesilisa abanesisindo esingaba ngu-13.5 mg, kanti abesifazane banesisindo somzimba esikhudlwana. Abesilisa banesakhiwo esifana ne-hook ezinhlangothini zesithathu zemilenze futhi, njengomthetho, bancane ngosayizi womzimba kunabesifazane.
Umbala wabesifazane ubafihla ukufanisa umbala wendawo yabo, ebavumela ukuba bahlangane kalula nezwe.
Imvamisa, kukhona ama-subspecies amathathu ama-gabronates, achazwe ngokuya ngobubanzi bezindawo. UHabronattus c. I-Calcaratus itholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States futhi iyakhanya kepha ayimelani namazinga okushisa aphansi kunamanye ama-subspecies. UHabronattus c. I-maddisoni itholakala empumalanga nasenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-United States nasezingxenyeni zeCanada futhi inekhava enamabala amnyama ashelelayo anombala omnyama. UHabronattus c. I-Agricola ifana ne-NS maddisoni kodwa inomugqa omhlophe ogqamile.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-gabronate.
IGabronata ibonisa isimilo esiyinkimbinkimbi ngesikhathi sokuqomisana nokuhlangana. Abesilisa baba nombala ogqamile futhi bakhiphe amasiginali anyakazayo ahambisana nomdanso wokuqomisana. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuncintisana kuvela phakathi kwabesilisa lapho kukhethwa umlingani. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezicabucabu ze-gabronate akukaze kufundwe ngokwanele. Ngemuva kokukhwelana, amaqanda akhula ngaphakathi kowesifazane ngaphambi kokuba awafake emgodleni wesicabucabu ukuze aqhubeke nokukhula.
Njengomthetho, izicabucabu ze-gabronata zinomjikelezo owodwa wokuzala, ngemuva kwalokho amaqanda abekiwe avikelwe ngowesifazane, ushiya i-clutch ngemuva kwesikhashana.
Ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokuphila kanye nama-molts ambalwa, izicabucabu ezincane zivuthwa futhi zizalane sekwedlule isikhathi. Yize izinsikazi zizalela amaqanda amaningi, ingxenye encane kuphela yenzalo iyaqandula futhi isinde ize iye esigabeni sabantu abadala.
Abesifazane bavikela amaqanda isikhathi esithile kanye nezicabucabu ezincane ngama-molts amaningana ngaphambi kokuba zizimele. Ama-Gabronate ngokuvamile awaphili isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka owodwa futhi ajwayele ukufa ngemuva kokuzala. Ngemuva kwe-molt yokugcina, izicabucabu ezincane sezivele zikwazi ukuzala, zihlakazeka ziye ezindaweni ezintsha.
Ukuziphatha kweGabronate.
IGabronata ijwayele ukuzingela inyamazane emini isebenzisa umbono ohlukile. Banobuningi bezincazelo ezicacisiwe zempango. Lezi zigcawu ziyakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezilwane ezahlukahlukene, ngemuva nje kokuhlangana okokuqala nazo.
AmaGabronates aphishekela isisulu, afihla ukunyakaza kwawo, futhi ahlasele kanye, imvamisa abuyela emuva uma ehlangabezana nokuphikiswa okuqinile.
Isibungu esikhasa kancane siwukuhlaselwa okuthandwayo, ngoba asikwazi ukweqa isicabucabu. Amakhono wokuzingela ama-gabronate ayathuthuka ngokunqwabelana kwesipiliyoni kanye nobudala besicabucabu. Indawo yokuzingela kufanele ibe ncane uma kuqhathaniswa, kubhekwa ukuthi ubukhulu besicabucabu esidala bube yi-5 kuye ku-6 mm kuphela ubude. IGabronata inombono omuhle kakhulu phakathi kwama-invertebrate. Izicabucabu zinamehlo aphelele ayisishiyagalombili, ngakho-ke zihlola le ndawo ngezindlela eziningi, ezibalulekile ekuhlaseleni inyamazane. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, abesilisa bahamba ngezimpawu zomsindo ukuthola insikazi.
Ukudla kweGabronat.
Ama-Gabronates yizilwane eziphishekela ngokuzingela nokuzingela inyamazane ephilayo, ikakhulukazi amanye ama-arthropods, kufaka phakathi izicabucabu ezincane nezinambuzane. Bayakwazi ukweqa ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa ubude obuphinda izikhathi ezingama-30 ubude bomzimba wabo ngaphandle kwemisipha ekhulisiwe ekhethekile. Lokhu kweqa okusheshayo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushintshwa kwesikhashana kwengcindezi yegazi ezingalweni zalezi zigcawu. Leli khono lokugxuma linikeza izicabucabu inzuzo ebalulekile lapho kubanjwa inyamazane futhi inegalelo ekusindeni kwezinhlobo.
Indima ye-ecosystem ye-gabronate.
Ama-Gabronate adla izinhlobonhlobo zamathambo, eziningi zazo eziyizinambuzane zezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu ezindaweni eziphila emahlathini lilawula inani lamacimbi nezimvemvane eziyingozi ezilimaza amaqabunga, amahlumela, izithelo. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zesicabucabu nezinyoni zizingela ama-gabronate. Abesilisa baheha izilwane ezidla ezinye ezingadingeki ngemibala yazo ekhanyayo. Abesifazane basengozini enkulu futhi bayahlaselwa njengoba bebakhulu kunabesilisa futhi bayizisulu ezingcono zezilwane ezizingelayo. Kodwa-ke, izinsikazi zinemibala emnyama, esebenza njengendawo yokufihla enokwethenjelwa emvelweni, kanti umbala ogqamile emadodeni ubenza babe izisulu ezilula zokuhlaselwa izitha.
Inani le-gabronate.
Izicabucabu zaseGabronata ziyizibonelo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo futhi zisiza ukulawula izinambuzane ezihlala kuzo. Lezi zigcawu zingathathwa njengezinhlobo okufanele zisetshenziswe kwezolimo ukulawula izinambuzane ezisebenzayo zezitshalo zasensimini. Lokhu kuvikelwa okungokwemvelo ezinambuzaneni kubizwa ngokuthi yi-biological control yezinambuzane eziyingozi ezitshalweni.
Isimo sokongiwa kwe-gabronate.
IGabronat ayinaso isimo esikhethekile sokongiwa kwemvelo.
